WGA FM 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals : simplebooklet.com

Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page i Chapter 1.History ofGolfField ManualNo. 100-01 Introduction toGolfFundamentalsContents PREFACE................................................................................................................2INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................3 1-1 Origins of the Game.................................................................................41-1-1. Ancient Roots..................................................................................................41-1-2. Scottish Origins...............................................................................................41-1-3. Early Prohibitions............................................................................................51-1-4. Evolution and Influence..................................................................................51-1-5. Nobility’s Influence.........................................................................................61-1-6. Formation of Golf Clubs..................................................................................61-1-7. Establishment of Rules...................................................................................71-1-8. Standardization of Courses.............................................................................71-1-9. Mass Production of Golf Balls.........................................................................71-1-10. First Instruction Books.................................................................................81-1-11. Major Tournaments.......................................................................................81-1-12. British Influence in America.........................................................................91-1-13. Francis Ouimet's Impact...............................................................................91-1-14. Practice Facilities........................................................................................101-1-15. Modern Era..................................................................................................111-1-16. Contemporary Golf......................................................................................111-2. Objective of Golf with Basic Terminology..............................................121-2-1. Objective of Golf............................................................................................121-2-2. Par: The Benchmark for Scoring...................................................................131-2-3. Scoring Terms: A Vocabulary for Performance............................................151-3. Benefits of Golf....................................................................................161-3-1 Mental Discipline and Focus..........................................................................161-3-2. Physical Exercise and Outdoor Activity........................................................171-3-3. Social Aspects and Networking Opportunities.............................................181-3-4. Lifelong Skill Development...........................................................................20HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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2-1. Course Features...................................................................................212-1-1. Basic Course Features..................................................................................222-1-2. Specialized Areas..........................................................................................232-1-3. Tee Boxes......................................................................................................252-1-4. Hazards and Challenges................................................................................262-1-5. Pathways and Boundaries.............................................................................272-1-6. Around the Green..........................................................................................282-1-7. Additional Features.......................................................................................292-2. Scoring Terms......................................................................................302-2-1. Scores Under Par...........................................................................................302-2-2. Scores Over Par.............................................................................................312-2-3. Tournament and Money Play Scoring Terms................................................312-2-4. Money Play Terms.........................................................................................322-3. Gameplay Terms..................................................................................332-3-1. Types of Shots...............................................................................................332-3-2. Common Mishits and Errors..........................................................................352-3-3. Game Formats and Match Types..................................................................362-3-4. Miscellaneous Gameplay Terms...................................................................382-4. Equipment Terms.................................................................................402-4-1. Clubs and Club Components.........................................................................402-4-2. Golf Ball Terms..............................................................................................422-4-3. Accessories, Apparel, and Miscellaneous Gear...........................................462-4-4. Simulator Terminology.................................................................................482-5. Phrases...............................................................................................542-5-1. Common Terms.............................................................................................542-5-2. Shot-Related Phrases...................................................................................552-5-3. Scoring-Related Phrases...............................................................................562-5-4. On-Course Etiquette Phrases.......................................................................582-5-6. Tournament and Competition Phrases.........................................................60Chapter 2. GolfTerminologyField ManualNo. 100-01 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page iiIntroduction toGolfFundamentalsContents Continued HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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3-1. Dress Code...........................................................................................613-1-1. Collared Shirts and Golf Pants/Shorts..........................................................613-1-2. Golf Shoes......................................................................................................613-1-3. Seasonal Adjustments..................................................................................623-1-4. Headwear......................................................................................................623-1-5. Other Essentials............................................................................................623-1-6. Options for First-Time Golfers......................................................................623-2. On-Course Behavior.............................................................................633-2-1. Respect Other Players..................................................................................633-2-2. Course Care...................................................................................................633-2-3. Pace of Play...................................................................................................633-2-4. Safety............................................................................................................633-2-5. Interaction With Other Players.....................................................................633-2-6. Adhering to Rules..........................................................................................643-2-7. Clean Up After Yourself.................................................................................643-3. Safety Rules.........................................................................................643-3-1. Awareness of Surroundings..........................................................................643-3-2. Yell "Fore!".....................................................................................................643-3-3. Handling Clubs Safely...................................................................................643-3-4. Proper Golf Cart Operation...........................................................................643-3-5. Weather Awareness......................................................................................653-3-6. Safe Ball Retrieval.........................................................................................663-3-7. Equipment Maintenance...............................................................................663-3-8. Crowd and Spectator Safety.........................................................................663-3-9. First Aid and Emergency Preparedness.......................................................663-4. Practice Areas......................................................................................673-4-1. Driving Range.................................................................................................673-4-2. Putting Green.................................................................................................673-4-3. Short Game Areas.........................................................................................673-4-4. Rotating and Sharing Space..........................................................................683-4-5. General Safety and Etiquette........................................................................68Chapter 4 Chapter 3.Basic GolfEtiquetteField ManualNo. 100-01 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page iiiIntroduction toGolfFundamentalsContents Continued... HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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4-1. Arrival.................................................................................................684-1-1. Finding the Bag Drop.....................................................................................684-1-2. Parking and Preparing...................................................................................694-1-3. Familiarizing Yourself with the Course Layout.............................................694-2. Checking In.......................................................................................................704-2-2. Handling Rentals and Payments...................................................................704-2-3. Reviewing Course Materials..........................................................................704-3. Approaching the First Tee.................................................................................714-3-1. Interacting with the Starter..........................................................................714-3-2. Understanding the Order of Play..................................................................714-3-3. Familiarizing Yourself with Tee Markers and Course Layout.......................724-3-4. How to Read a Scorecard..............................................................................725-1. Efficient Play.......................................................................................745-1-1. Keep Up with the Group Ahead.....................................................................745-1-2. Limit Practice Swings and Analysis...............................................................745-1-3. Play "Ready Golf" When Appropriate...........................................................755-1-4. Plan Your Shot Before Reaching the Ball......................................................755-1-5. Be Efficient on the Putting Green.................................................................755-2. Respecting Fellow Golfers....................................................................755-2-1. Maintain Silence During Others’ Swings.......................................................755-2-2. Avoid Distractions Like Phone Usage...........................................................765-2-3. Be Mindful of Shadows and Movements on the Green................................765-2-4. Respect Personal Space...............................................................................765-2-5. Support Fellow Players with Actions............................................................765-2-6. Handle Disputes Calmly and Respectfully...................................................765-2-7. Be Considerate When Celebrating................................................................775-2-8. Respect the Course Staff and Environment.................................................77Chapter 4: AWalkthrough:Parking Lot toFirst TeeChapter 5.Pace of Playand Respect ofOthersField ManualNo. 100-01 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page ivIntroduction toGolfFundamentalsContents Continued... HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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5-3. When to Allow Faster Groups to Play Through.......................................775-3-1. Recognizing When to Allow Faster Groups to Play Through........................775-3-2. Choosing the Appropriate Location for Letting Others Play Through..........775-3-3. Communicating Clearly and Courteously.....................................................775-3-4. Preparing Your Group to Facilitate a Smooth Transition.............................775-3-5. Resuming Play After Allowing a Group to Play Through..............................786-1. Tee to Green........................................................................................786-1-1. The Importance of Teeing Up the Ball..........................................................796-1-2. Aligning Properly and Taking a Consistent Swing........................................806-1-3. Navigate obstacles and hazards strategically..............................................826-2. Putting on the Green............................................................................866-2-1. Reading Slopes and Breaks Carefully...........................................................866-2-2. Marking Ball Position Before Lifting..............................................................876-2-3. Repairing Ball Marks and Raking Bunkers....................................................886-2-4. Deciding Between Chipping and Putting from the Fringe............................886-3. Finishing a Hole....................................................................................896-3-1. Recording Accurate Scores...........................................................................896-3-2. Moving Promptly to the Next Tee Box..........................................................906-3-3. Maintaining Pace of Play...............................................................................906-3-4. Adhering to Post-Hole Etiquette...................................................................917-1. Golf Bag...............................................................................................917-1-1. Must-Have Equipment..................................................................................917-2. Optional Additions...............................................................................937-2-1. Performance Aids..........................................................................................937-2-2. Personal Comfort..........................................................................................947-3. Cold/Wet Weather Gear.......................................................................957-3-1. Rain Protection..............................................................................................957-3-2. Cold Weather Preparation.............................................................................967-4. Mental Preparation..............................................................................987-4-1. Patience and Focus.......................................................................................987-4-2. Setting Goals.................................................................................................987-4-3. Enjoy the ExperienceDistribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page vChapter 5.Pace of Playand Respect ofOthersChapter 6: TheFlow of aRoundChapter 7. GolfBag EssentialsField ManualNo. 100-01 Introduction toGolfFundamentalsContents Continued... HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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7-4. Mental Preparation..............................................................................987-4-1. Patience and Focus.......................................................................................987-4-2. Setting Goals.................................................................................................987-4-3. Enjoy the Experience.....................................................................................997-4-4. Visualization and Confidence......................................................................100Conclusion: Building a Community, One Swing at a Time.....................................101The Power of Community in Golf...........................................................................101Testimonials from Our Community........................................................................101The Importance of Belonging.................................................................................102The Mission Continues...........................................................................................102About the Author....................................................................................................103Call to Action: Join the Warrior Golf Academy Movement....................................104How to Support the Initiative.................................................................................104Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page viChapter 7. GolfBag EssentialsField ManualNo. 100-01 Introduction toGolfFundamentalsContents Continued... HeadquartersWarrior Golf AcademyBoca Raton, FL .DEC 2024WGA FM 100-01

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 2 | PrefaceGolf is more than a game, it’s a lifeline, a bridge to connection, and a sanctuary for the soul. For many veterans, returning to civilian life can feel like navigating uncharted territory, a world where the camaraderie and structure of military service are painfully absent. The silence can be deafening, the challenges overwhelming. But there is hope. Golf oƯers something extraordinary, a way to heal, to reconnect, and to ﬁnd purpose again.At Warrior Golf Academy, we’ve seen how the simple act of picking up a club can transform lives. A drive down the fairway becomes a release of stress. A putt sinking into the cup sparks pride. The laughter shared with others on the green becomes a thread that binds people together. This game, with all its challenges and triumphs, mirrors life itself, a series of obstacles and opportunities, where every swing is a chance to move forward.This manual, WGA FM 100-01: Introduction to Golf Fundamentals, was written for those standing at the edge of this journey, unsure of where to begin. It’s not just a guide, it’s an invitation. An invitation to step into a world where every hole represents a new chapter, every round a chance to rebuild what may feel lost. For veterans, it’s a reminder that they are not alone, that they are part of a community that values them, supports them, and believes in their ability to thrive. Golf has the power to do more than teach you about swing mechanics or course strategy. It can teach you to trust yourself again, to ﬁnd joy in small victories, and to lean on others when the weight feels too heavy to bear. It’s about belonging to something bigger than yourself. That’s why at Warrior Golf Academy, we say, "22 a day is 22 too many." For every veteran struggling in silence, we want them to know there’s a community ready to stand by their side, one swing at a time. This isn’t just a game. It’s a second chance. It’s a way to replace despair with hope, isolation with camaraderie, and uncertainty with purpose. Whether you’re a veteran seeking a safe place to heal, a beginner curious about trying something new, or someone looking for a family to belong to, this is your moment. Step onto the course with us. Feel the connection, the support, and the power of community. Together, we can make every swing count, because golf isn’t just about playing a game. It’s about saving lives, building futures, and creating something truly extraordinary.Welcome to Warrior Golf Academy. Welcome to your new beginning. P a g e

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 3 | Golf is often described as a sport of precision, patience, and perseverance. But for those justbeginning their journey, it can feel overwhelming, a maze of rules, equipment, etiquette, andunfamiliar landscapes. This manual, WGA FM 100-01: Introduction to Golf Fundamentals, wascreated to demystify the game and serve as a roadmap for those stepping onto the course forthe very ﬁrst time. Whether you’ve never held a club before or have only watched golf from the sidelines, this guide is for you. It is designed to provide a thorough yet approachable introduction to the world of golf, focusing on the essentials that will give you the conﬁdence to participate and enjoy the game. From understanding course layout and scoring to mastering basic etiquette and strategy, this manual oƯers everything you need to feel comfortable and competent on the green. At Warrior Golf Academy, we believe that golf is more than a sport, it is a powerful tool for building community, fostering personal growth, and creating a sense of purpose. This manual reﬂects that philosophy, emphasizing respect for the game, for fellow players, and for oneself. Each section is crafted to help you navigate the intricacies of golf with ease, while also understanding its deeper lessons of discipline, resilience, and camaraderie.The purpose of this guide goes beyond instruction. It is about empowerment. By following its principles, you will not only learn to play the game but also gain insights into how golf can enhance your life, providing a space for connection, self-reﬂection, and achievement. It is a resource to lean on as you take your ﬁrst steps in golf, reminding you that every swing, every hole, and every round is an opportunity to grow. "22 a day is 22 too many" and "One swing at a time" these are the mantras of Warrior Golf Academy. They embody our mission to use golf as a bridge to healing and community for veterans and newcomers alike. With this manual in hand, you are not just learning a game; you are joining a movement dedicated to making a diƯerence, one swing at a time. Welcome to golf, and welcome to the Warrior Golf Academy family. May this guide be the start of a journey ﬁlled with learning, connection, and countless memorable moments. P a g e WGA FM 100-01: Introduction to Golf Fundamentals Purpose: A Guide to Golf and Growth

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 4 | The modern game of golf is widely accepted to have originated in Scotland during the 15th century. By this time, the term "golf" had emerged as a Scots adaptation of the Dutch word "colf," meaning "stick" or "club." The game evolved signiﬁcantly in Scotland, with its unique geography playing a crucial role. The coastal regions, characterized by natural sand dunes and rolling grassland, became the perfect setting for the game’s development. Early Scottish golf involved players using handcrafted wooden clubs to strike a leather ball ﬁlled with feathers. The game was played along rough, untamed terrain, requiring adaptability and skill. Unlike the structured rules and manicured courses of today, the game relied heavily on the natural environment, which contributed to its charm and challenge. Chapter 1: History of GolfGolf's rich history spans centuries, beginning in 15th-century Scotland, where the game evolved from simple origins into a global sport. Rooted in the rugged links land, early matches laid the foundation for modern golf, with Scotland's St. Andrews becoming its symbolic home. The codiﬁcation of rules by organizations like The R&A and the rise of iconic tournaments such as The Open Championship and the Masters have shaped its legacy. Over time, golf has expanded worldwide, embracing innovation and inclusivity while preserving its traditions. This chapter provides a concise look at the game’s evolution, celebrating its enduring impact and timeless appeal. Golf-like games were played in Europe during the Middle Ages, reﬂecting humanity's long-standing fascination with ball-and-stick games. The earliest recorded reference to such agame comes from 1261 in the Dutch language, where the game of "colf" or "kolf" wasmentioned. These early games involved striking a ball toward a target, often over variedterrain, and were enjoyed by people across diƯerent social classes. A particularly notable instance of a golf-like game occurred on February 26, 1297, in Loenen aan de Vecht, Netherlands. Historical records from this period describe a competition where players used wooden clubs to hit a leather ball toward speciﬁc goals. Unlike modern golf courses, these games were typically played on frozen canals during winter months, oƯeringa unique and challenging setting. These early versions of the game are considered precursorsto modern golf, showing similarities in their reliance on precision, strategy, and skill. While they lacked the sophistication and equipment of today’s game, these recreational activities laid the groundwork for the sport’s evolution. P a g e 1-1. Origins of the Game 1-1-1. Ancient Roots 1-1-2. Scottish Origins

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 5 | By the 16th century, golf had become a well-recognized pastime in Scotland. Theestablishment of designated areas for play, such as the linksland surrounding St. Andrews,marked the beginnings of structured golf courses. These early links courses became iconic,inﬂuencing the design and layout of modern golf courses worldwide. By the late 16th century, golf had begun to spread beyond Scotland, gaining prominence inEngland and eventually throughout Europe. One of the key moments in this period of growthwas the commissioning of the ﬁrst recorded set of golf clubs by King James IV of Scotland in1502. This act not only highlighted the sport’s appeal among the nobility but also marked thebeginning of its association with royalty, further legitimizing golf as a respected and desirablepastime. As the game moved beyond Scotland, it began to adopt more structured elements, evolving from an informal recreational activity to a disciplined sport governed by standardized rules and equipment. Early innovations in club and ball design, driven by artisans and craftspeople, laid the foundation for modern golf equipment. Leather balls stuƯed with feathers, known as "featheries," were meticulously crafted, while wooden clubs were tailored for speciﬁc purposes, setting a precedent for the specialization seen in today’s golf bags. The geographical spread of golf during this period was facilitated by Scottish inﬂuence, particularly among merchants, soldiers, and nobles who traveled to other parts of Europe. By the early 17th century, the game had become established in England, where it gained further traction among the upper classes. Golf’s enduring appeal can be attributed to its unique blend of physical skill, strategic thinking, and the challenges presented by varying natural terrains. These foundational elements, established in Scotland, continue to shape the game’s global The ﬁrst recorded mention of golf in Scotland appears in a 1457 Act of the Scottish Parliamentunder King James II. The Act prohibited the playing of "gowf" (golf) and "futball" (football),describing them as distractions from archery practice, a vital military skill during this periodof frequent conﬂicts. Similar bans were imposed in 1471 and 1491, categorizing golf as "anunproﬁtable sport" that diverted attention from essential military preparation. Despite these restrictions, the game’s appeal proved diƯicult to suppress. Historical accounts suggest that golf continued to be played informally, particularly among the Scottish elite and those residing near established linksland areas. These bans were eventually lifted in the early 16th century as Scotland's political and military priorities shifted. By this time, golf had begun to establish itself as a respected and enduring pastime. Its survival through periods of prohibition highlights the deep cultural and recreational value the game held, even in its earliest iterations. The eventual acceptance and growth of golf in Scotland paved the way for its transformation into a globally recognized sport. 1-1-4. Evolution and Inﬂuence P a g e 1-1-3. Early Prohibitions

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 6 | identity, making golf one of the most historically rich and widely recognized sports in theworld. The establishment of formal golf clubs in the 18th century marked a pivotal moment in theevolution of the sport. In 1744, the Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers was formed,becoming the ﬁrst oƯicial golf club in history. This organization also produced the earliestrecorded rules of golf, known as the "Articles and Laws in Playing at Golf," for a competitionheld at Leith Links. These foundational rules covered essential aspects of play, including howto handle lost balls, play from hazards, and maintain fair competition. The creation of these rules laid the groundwork for standardized play, ensuring consistency and fairness in competitions. As the game’s popularity grew, additional clubs emerged, further formalizing the sport’s structure and governance.In 1754, the Society of St. Andrews Golfers was established. Initially an informal group of enthusiasts, the Society evolved into one of the most inﬂuential organizations in golf’s history. In 1834, it received royal patronage from King William IV and became known as the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews. The R&A took on a central role in establishing rules, organizing tournaments, and promoting golf worldwide. Despite the repeated bans imposed by the Scottish Parliament in the 15th century, golfpersisted as a favored pastime among the nobility. King James IV’s documented purchase ofgolf clubs in 1502 represents one of the earliest recorded endorsements of the game by aruling monarch. This royal approval not only shielded the sport from potential obscurity butalso cemented its status as an activity associated with reﬁnement and prestige. The growing inﬂuence of golf among the Scottish elite found a focal point in St. Andrews, a town that would become synonymous with the sport. In 1552, Archbishop John Hamilton issued a decree granting the people of St. Andrews the right to play golf on the town’s links, provided they refrained from doing so on the Sabbath. This marked an early acknowledgment of golf’s social and cultural signiﬁcance, legitimizing its place within public life.By the late 16th and early 17th centuries, golf had become a prominent activity among aristocrats and royalty across Europe. This patronage was instrumental in sustaining the game during periods of political and economic upheaval. The association between golf and the nobility also contributed to the development of exclusive clubs and competitions, fostering a sense of community and camaraderie among players while reinforcing the sport’s reputation as a pastime of distinction. P a g e 1-1-5. Nobility’s Inﬂuence 1-1-6. Formation of Golf Clubs

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 7 | The creation of formal clubs not only provided a framework for competitive play but alsofostered a sense of identity and community among golfers. Regular competitions, socialgatherings, and the codiﬁcation of rules transformed golf from a casual pastime into adisciplined sport. These developments solidiﬁed the foundations of modern golf, pavingthe way for its global expansion. One of the most signiﬁcant milestones in golf’s history was the standardization of the 18-holecourse. Prior to this, courses varied widely in their layout and number of holes, with somefeaturing as few as 5 or as many as 22. In 1764, the Society of St. Andrews Golfers (later theRoyal and Ancient Golf Club) made a pivotal decision at their iconic course in St. Andrews,Scotland. They converted the ﬁrst four holes into two longer holes, reducing the course from22 holes to 18. This decision was driven by practical considerations, including the desire for a more eƯicient and uniform playing experience. The 18-hole layout quickly gained acceptance, becoming the standard for courses worldwide. St. Andrews’ adoption of this format solidiﬁed its reputation as the "Home of Golf" and set a precedent for course design that persists to this day. The standardization of courses not only enhanced the player experience but also enabled more consistent competition formats. This uniformity contributed to the globalization of golf, The codiﬁcation of golf’s rules began in 1744 with the Honourable Company of EdinburghGolfers at Leith Links. This organization created the "Articles and Laws in Playing at Golf," theearliest surviving written rules of the game. These 13 articles were developed to govern play ina competition, ensuring consistency and fairness among participants. Key provisions includedrequirements to:    Play the ball as it lay without moving or improving its position. Replace balls that were lost, often with penalties. Navigate hazards and obstacles on the course according to deﬁned rules. These early rules provided a structured approach to a game that had previously been played informally. They also highlighted the need for consistency as golf began to grow in popularity and competitions became more frequent. The "Articles and Laws in Playing at Golf" served as the foundation for modern rulebooks, with revisions and expansions continuing over the centuries. Today, these principles are reﬂected in the rules jointly maintained by the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews and the United States Golf Association. P a g e 1-1-7. Establishment of Rules 1-1-8. Standardization of Courses

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 8 | as players from diƯerent regions could now compete under similar conditions, fostering asense of unity within the sport. The formalization of golf instruction began with the publication of "The Golfer’s Manual" in1857, written by H.B. Fannie under the pseudonym "A Keen Hand." This book is widelyrecognized as the ﬁrst dedicated golf instruction manual, providing a structured approach toteaching the game. "The Golfer’s Manual" detailed key aspects of the game, including proper grip, stance, and swing mechanics, as well as the etiquette and rules essential for playing with respect for others and the course. Its practical advice and clear language made it accessible to players of varying skill levels, ensuring that even beginners could beneﬁt from its guidance. This publication marked a turning point in the way golf was taught and understood. Previously, knowledge of the game was passed down informally through observation and mentorship. "The Golfer’s Manual" created a foundation for the structured teaching of golf, laying the groundwork for modern coaching methods and instructional literature. Its inﬂuence can still be felt today in the vast array of golf instruction books, videos, and programs that cater to players worldwide. The introduction of mass-produced golf balls in 1848 marked a transformative moment in theaccessibility and aƯordability of the game. Before this innovation, golf balls were meticulouslyhandcrafted from leather and stuƯed with feathers, known as "featheries." These balls werelabor-intensive to produce, expensive, and prone to damage, limiting their availability towealthier players. In 1848, Rev. Dr. Robert Adams Paterson, a Scottish clergyman, developed a new type of golf ball made from gutta-percha, a natural rubber-like material derived from the sap of the Malaysian sapodilla tree. These "gutties" were cheaper to manufacture, more durable, and easier to repair than featheries. Their aƯordability signiﬁcantly reduced the cost barrier to entry for new players, contributing to the democratization of golf.The gutta-percha ball also inﬂuenced equipment design. Clubs with iron faces became more prevalent, as they were better suited to the harder gutty balls. Over time, additional advancements in ball technology, such as dimples to enhance aerodynamics, further improved performance and solidiﬁed the gutty’s place in golf history. The mass production of golf balls in the mid-19th century played a critical role in the sport’s expansion, allowing more people from diverse backgrounds to enjoy and participate in golf. This innovation set the stage for the game’s modernization and its growing global popularity. P a g e 1-1-10. First Instruction Books 1-1-9. Mass Production of Golf Balls

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 9 | The introduction of major golf tournaments was a signiﬁcant milestone in the sport’s history,establishing competitive platforms that showcased the skill and strategy of top players. Theﬁrst Open Championship, commonly referred to as "The Open," was held in 1860 atPrestwick Golf Club in Scotland. Willie Park, Sr. won the inaugural event, defeating sevenother competitors. The Open was initially played over 36 holes in a single day and quicklygrew in prestige, becoming one of the most coveted titles in professional golf. In the United States, major tournaments began to emerge in 1895 with the establishment of the U.S. Open, U.S. Amateur, and U.S. Women’s Amateur Championships. These events were organized by the United States Golf Association (USGA), which was founded in the same year to oversee the governance and growth of golf in America. The U.S. Open, in particular,gained prominence as a test of skill and endurance, attracting players from around the globe. Majortournaments played a critical role in popularizing golf, providing a stage for legendary players to compete and inspiring new generations of golfers. They also contributed to the professionalization of the sport, with increased prize money and sponsorship opportunities driving advancements in equipment and training. The inﬂuence of British golf professionals in America was instrumental in shaping the earlydevelopment of the sport in the United States. One of the most notable ﬁgures was WillieDunn, a Scottish professional who arrived in the U.S. in 1891. Dunn brought with himextensive knowledge of the game, gained through years of experience in Scotland, thebirthplace of golf. Dunn made a signiﬁcant impact by teaching prominent Americans, including wealthy industrialists and socialites, many of whom became key supporters of golf’s growth in the U.S. He also played an integral role in the design and construction of early golf courses, bringing elements of traditional Scottish course architecture to American soil. Notably, Dunn designed the ﬁrst 18-hole course in the United States at the Shinnecock Hills Golf Club in Southampton, New York. In addition to his teaching and design work, Dunn competed in early U.S. Open tournaments, further raising the proﬁle of golf in America. His contributions helped establish a transatlantic connection between British and American golf, fostering the exchange of ideas and practices that enriched the sport on both sides of the Atlantic. The inﬂuence of British professionals like Dunn extended beyond technical knowledge. They helped instill a respect for the traditions and etiquette of the game, ensuring that golf in America retained its connection to its Scottish roots while evolving into a uniquely American pastime. This foundation set the stage for the rapid expansion and popularity of golf acrossthe United States in the 20th century. P a g e 1-1-11. Major Tournaments 1-1-12. British Inﬂuence in America

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 10 | The establishment of dedicated practice facilities marked a pivotal development in theevolution of golf, providing players with the opportunity to reﬁne their skills in a structuredenvironment. One of the earliest and most inﬂuential examples of such a facility was createdby Donald Ross, a legendary course architect and golf innovator, in 1913 at Pinehurst Resort inNorth Carolina. Known as "Maniac Hill," this practice range was designed to oƯer players a designated space to work on all aspects of their game, from driving and approach shots to chipping and putting. Unlike the informal practice areas that preceded it, Maniac Hill was intentionally designed to replicate on-course conditions, with targets and distances that mimicked real playing scenarios. This innovation not only enhanced player development but also elevated the standard of golf instruction. The introduction of dedicated practice ranges like Maniac Hill revolutionized the way golfers approached the game. These facilities allowed players to focus on speciﬁc skills and experiment with new techniques without the pressure of competing on the course. Practice In 1913, Francis Ouimet, a 20-year-old American amateur, achieved one of the most signiﬁcantvictories in golf history by winning the U.S. Open at The Country Club in Brookline,Massachusetts. Ouimet's triumph was remarkable not only for his youth and amateur statusbut also because he defeated two of the era’s greatest professionals, British legends HarryVardon and Ted Ray, in an 18-hole playoƯ. Ouimet's victory resonated deeply with the American public, who were captivated by the story of a young amateur from a modest background defeating seasoned professionals. The fact that Ouimet grew up near The Country Club and had worked as a caddie added to the Cinderella-like quality of his success. His down-to-earth demeanor and humble origins contrasted sharply with the prevailing perception of golf as a sport for the wealthy elite, making the game more relatable and appealing to a broader audience. The impact of Ouimet's victory on golf in America was profound. It sparked a surge of interest in the sport, leading to increased participation and the establishment of new clubs and courses. The U.S. Open, already a prestigious event, gained even greater signiﬁcance as a result of Ouimet’s win, attracting more competitors and spectators. Ouimet’s legacy extended beyond his playing career. He became a lifelong ambassador for the game, serving as a symbol of golf’s accessibility and inclusivity. His story demonstrated that talent and determination could overcome social and economic barriers, inspiring countless young players to take up the game. Today, Ouimet’s historic win is celebrated as a deﬁning moment in the democratization of golf in America. P a g e 1-1-14. Practice Facilities 1-1-13. Francis Ouimet's Impact

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 11 | ranges also became an integral part of golf clubs and resorts, oƯering members and guests avaluable resource for improving their performance. Donald Ross’s vision for Maniac Hill laid the groundwork for the proliferation of practice facilities worldwide. Today, virtually every golf course features a driving range and practice greens, reﬂecting the lasting inﬂuence of Ross’s innovation. These spaces have become essential for players of all levels, from beginners seeking to learn the basics to professionals honing their craft. The creation of dedicated practice facilities represents a critical step in themodernization of golf, ensuring that players have the resources to develop their skills and enjoy the game to its fullest potential. 1-1-15. Modern Era The modern era of golf began in 1962, a pivotal year in the sport's history. During the U.S.Open at Oakmont Country Club, a young Jack Nicklaus defeated the reigning champion andfan favorite, Arnold Palmer, in an 18-hole playoƯ to claim his ﬁrst major championship. Thisvictory marked the start of a new era in professional golf, dominated by Nicklaus and otheremerging stars. Nicklaus, nicknamed "The Golden Bear," went on to redeﬁne excellence in the sport. Over the course of his career, he won a record 18 major championships, setting a benchmark that continues to inspire golfers worldwide. His rivalry with Arnold Palmer, along with the emergence of Gary Player, formed the "Big Three" era, which brought unprecedentedattention and popularity to golf during the 1960s and 1970s. These players elevated the sport’s proﬁle, attracting larger audiences, corporate sponsorships, and television coverage. The modern era also saw signiﬁcant changes in tournament structure, with the establishment of the PGA Tour as a professional circuit and the growth of international events like The Open Championship. Golf courses were redesigned to accommodate larger crowds, and prize money increased dramatically, transforming professional golf into a lucrative career. Equipment innovation, including the introduction of metal woods and graphite shafts, further revolutionized the game, allowing players to achieve greater distance and precision. The 1962 U.S. Open and Nicklaus’s rise to prominence symbolize the passing of the torch to a new generation of golfers who would shape the modern sport. Their inﬂuence extended beyond the course, inspiring millions to take up the game and solidifying golf’s place as a global phenomenon. Today, golf is a truly global sport, played on six continents and enjoyed by millions of peopleacross diverse cultures and backgrounds. The game has evolved signiﬁcantly since its earlydays, incorporating technological advancements, innovative course designs, and new formatsto attract players of all ages and skill levels. P a g e 1-1-16. Contemporary Golf

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 12 | One of the most signiﬁcant developments in contemporary golf is the advancement ofequipment technology. Modern clubs, featuring materials like titanium and carbon ﬁber, aredesigned for optimal performance, providing players with greater distance, accuracy, andforgiveness. Golf balls have also undergone substantial innovation, with multilayer designsand aerodynamic dimples enhancing ﬂight and control. These advancements have not onlyimproved the game for professionals but have also made it more accessible and enjoyable forrecreational players. Course design has kept pace with these changes, blending traditional layouts with innovative features to challenge players and enhance the spectator experience. Iconic venues like Augusta National, Pebble Beach, and Royal Melbourne continue to host prestigious tournaments, while new courses in emerging markets bring the game to previously untapped regions. Sustainable practices in course maintenance, such as water conservation and eco-friendly landscaping, reﬂect a growing commitment to environmental stewardship within the golf industry.Contemporary golf has also embraced inclusivity and accessibility, with programs aimed at introducing the game to underrepresented groups. Initiatives like PGA HOPE and The First Tee provide opportunities for veterans, children, and individuals with disabilities to learn and enjoy the sport. The rise of adaptive golf further highlights the game’s potential to bring people together, fostering community and well-being.The professional game continues to thrive, with events like the Masters, Ryder Cup, and FedExCup PlayoƯs captivating audiences around the world. Players like Tiger Woods, Rory McIlroy, and Lydia Ko have become global ambassadors for the sport, inspiring a new generation of golfers. Meanwhile, advancements in broadcasting and digital media allow fans to engage with the game in ways never before possible, from live streaming tournaments to using swing analysis apps. Golf today represents a harmonious blend of tradition and innovation, remaining both a recreational pastime and a competitive sport. Its enduring appeal lies in its ability to challenge the mind and body while fostering connections among players of all walks of life. As the game continues to evolve, its rich history and promising future ensure that golf will remain a cherished part of the global sporting landscape. 1-2. Objective of Golf with Basic Terminology 1-2-1. Objective of Golf The primary objective of golf is simple yet challenging: complete the course by playing the ballinto each hole in as few strokes as possible. A "stroke" is deﬁned as any forward motion of theclub with the intention of striking the ball. This includes all deliberate swings, whether or notcontact is made. At the end of a round, the player or team with the lowest total score isdeclared the winner. While the objective may appear straightforward, achieving it requires a combination of physical skill, strategic decision-making, and adaptability. Players must account for varying P a g e

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 13 | course conditions, including terrain, weather, and hazards, while maintaining focus andprecision throughout the round. Golf courses typically consist of 9 or 18 holes, with each hole presenting a unique layout and set of challenges. A round of golf progresses sequentially, starting at the ﬁrst tee box and culminating at the ﬁnal green. Each hole includes several key components:  Tee Box: The starting area for each hole, marked by tee markers that designate the boundaries for the initial shot. Players aim to hit the ball as far and accurately as possible from this point.Fairway: The well-maintained grassy area that provides the optimal path from the tee box to the green. Players strive to keep their shots within the fairway to avoid hazards and achieve better positioning.Rough: The areas of taller, less-manicured grass surrounding the fairway. Landing in the rough can make subsequent shots more diƯicult. Hazards: Natural or designed obstacles, such as sand bunkers, water features, and trees, that challenge players and require strategic navigation. Green: The ﬁnal target area, featuring closely mowed grass and a hole marked by a ﬂagstick. Precision putting is essential to complete the hole eƯiciently.     The complexity of golf lies in its dual nature as both a physical and mental challenge. Physically, players must master a variety of techniques, including driving, chipping, and putting, to execute shots eƯectively. Mentally, they must analyze each situation, select the appropriate club, and plan their strategy to minimize strokes. The combination of these elements makes golf a uniquely rewarding sport, oƯering both competitive and recreational opportunities. Whether played casually with friends or in high-stakes tournaments, golf provides a dynamic experience that tests and reﬁnes a player’s skills over time. The term "par" serves as a fundamental benchmark in golf, representing the predeterminednumber of strokes that an expert golfer is expected to take to complete a hole or an entirecourse under standard conditions. The concept of par allows players to measure theirperformance relative to a standard, providing a clear and objective way to interpret scoresand evaluate progress. Determining Par Values Par values for individual holes are determined based on their length and layout, accounting for factors such as terrain, hazards, and green complexity. While the exact yardage may vary slightly depending on the course, the following general guidelines are used: P a g e 1-2-2. Par: The Benchmark for Scoring

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 103 | As you step into the world of golf, know that you’re not alone. At WGA, we are more than anacademy, we are a family. Together, we stand by the belief that:  "22 a day is 22 too many." Golf can be a tool to combat veteran suicide, fostering connection and hope. "One swing at a time." Each shot is a new opportunity, a fresh start, and a step toward something greater.  This is your journey, and we are honored to be part of it. Welcome to Warrior Golf Academy, where the game of golf meets the power of community, creating a brighter future for everyone involved. Together, we can make every swing count. Jonathan Sessa is a dedicated advocate for veterans and the founder of Warrior Golf Academy(WGA), an organization committed to empowering veterans through the game of golf. Adisabled veteran himself, Jonathan served with honor and resilience in the United Statesmilitary, gaining ﬁrsthand insight into the challenges many veterans face when transitioning tocivilian life. Drawing from his own experiences, Jonathan has devoted his life to creating opportunities that foster healing, growth, and camaraderie. Golf became a cornerstone of his personal journey, helping him overcome adversity while rediscovering purpose and community. Inspired by the transformative power of the game, he founded Warrior Golf Academy to share its beneﬁts with others.Jonathan is a PGA Associate, Club Management Association of America (CMAA) Student, and Golf Course Superintendents Association of America (GCSAA) Student in pursuit of advanced teaching credentials and has attended numerous caddie schools to further his expertise in the P a g e About the Author The Mission Continues

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 Your involvement is key to the success of Warrior Golf Academy’s mission. There are manyways to contribute and make an impact: 1. Donate 104 | Page golf industry. He combines his technical knowledge of the game with a deep understanding ofveterans’ needs to create tailored programs that provide career pathways, mental wellnesssupport, and accessible training opportunities. Through his leadership, Warrior Golf Academy has grown into a beacon of hope and empowerment, known for its innovative approaches, partnerships with leading golf organizations, and unwavering commitment to the veteran community. Jonathan’s philosophy, "22 a day is 22 too many" and "One swing at a time", is at the heart of WGA’s mission, reminding veterans that every small step forward can lead to transformative change.Beyond his work at WGA, Jonathan is an avid golfer, public speaker, and advocate for adaptive sports. He resides in South Florida, where he continues to inspire others through his passion for the game and his dedication to making a diƯerence. Golf is more than just a sport, it’s a lifeline, a community, and a chance for veterans torediscover purpose and camaraderie. At Warrior Golf Academy (WGA), we believe in the powerof "One swing at a time" to transform lives and make a meaningful diƯerence. Now, it’s yourturn to step up and become part of this incredible journey. Whether you’re a veteran seeking support, a golf enthusiast eager to contribute, or a partner looking to collaborate, there’s a place for you at WGA. Together, we can honor the sacriﬁces of our heroes while giving them tools to thrive on and oƯ the course. How to Support the Initiative Call to Action: Join the Warrior Golf Academy Movement

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 105 | 3. Volunteer Your TimeYour skills and enthusiasm can help WGA thrive. Volunteer opportunities include:  Assisting at golf clinics and tournaments.Providing administrative or logistical support.OƯering professional mentorship or golf instruction. Sign Up to Volunteer: Visit www.warriorgolfacademy.com to explore how you can get involved. 2. Sponsor a VeteranHelp a veteran access life-changing opportunities by sponsoring their participation in our programs. Your sponsorship covers:    Professional instruction and practice resources. Golf gear, including clubs and apparel. Access to mental health and career resources. Become a Sponsor: Visit www.warriorgolfacademy.com to learn more about sponsorship opportunities. 4. Partner with UsCorporate and organizational partnerships are essential to expanding our reach and impact. Partnering with WGA provides:   Branding opportunities at events. Collaboration on programs to support veterans. Your ﬁnancial support allows us to:  Provide free golf training, equipment, and lessons to veterans.Fund adaptive golf programs for veterans with disabilities.Expand mental wellness initiatives through golf therapy.Host community-building events like clinics and tournaments. Donate Now: Visit www.warriorgolfacademy.com to make a one-time or recurring contribution. Every dollar brings us closer to changing a life. P a g e

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WGA 100-01 Introduction to Golf Fundamentals DEC 2024 106 | 5. Spread the WordHelp us amplify our message by:  Sharing WGA’s story on social media.Inviting friends, family, or colleagues to join or support.Attending events and bringing others along. Follow Us:  Instagram: @WarriorGolfAcademyFacebook: Warrior Golf AcademyLinkedIn: Jonathan Sessa Your Impact Starts TodayEvery swing counts, and so does every eƯort to support Warrior Golf Academy. Together, we can change lives, build community, and ensure that "22 a day is 22 too many" becomes a call for action, not just a statistic.Join us. Support us. Be the change. Visit www.warriorgolfacademy.com to take your ﬁrst step toward making a diƯerence. Thank you for being part of our journey!  A chance to make a lasting diƯerence in the community. Partner with WGA: Email us at Jonathan.Sessa@pga.com to discuss how your organization can join our mission. P a g e