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Message ProteinMonomerStructures

EssentialAmino Acids

Histidine (His, H)NH-CH=N-CH=C-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NInvolved in many enzymatic processes and in thesynthesizing of both red blood cells and white bloodcells .

Leucine (Leu, L)(CH₃)₂-CH-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NInvolved in promoting protein synthesis and growthhormones.

Isoleucine (Ile, I)CH₃-CH₂-CH(CH₃)-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NPlays a vital role in the formation of hemoglobin,stimulating the pancreas to synthesize insulin, andtransporting oxygen from the lungs to the various parts.

Lysine (Lys, K)H₂N-(CH₂)₄-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NNecessary for promoting the formation of antibodies,hormones, and enzymes and in the development andfixation of calcium in bones.

Methionine (Met, M)CH₃-S-(CH₂)₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N, SUsed in the treatment of kidney stones, maintaininghealthy skin and also used in controlling invade ofpathogenic bacteria.

Phenylalanine (Phe, F)Ph-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Helps in maintaining a healthy nervous system and inboosting memory power.

Threonine (Thr, T)CH₃-CH(OH)-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Helps in promoting the functions of the immunesystem.

Tryptophan (Trp, W)Ph-NH-CH=C-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Involved in the production of vitamin B3 and serotonin hormones.This serotonin hormone plays a vital role in maintaining ourappetite, regulating sleep and boosting our moods.

Valine (Val, V)(CH₃)₂-CH-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Acts as an important component in promotingmuscle growth.

Non-EssentialAmino Acids

Alanine (Ala, A)CH₃-CH(NH₂) -COOHElements include C, H, O, N Functions by removing toxins from our body and inthe production of glucose and other amino acids.

Arginine (Arg, R) HN=C(NH₂) -NH-(CH₂)₃-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Helps in promoting the synthesis of proteins andhormones, detoxification in the kidneys, healingwounds, and maintaining a healthy immune system.

Asparagine (Asn, N)H₂N-CO-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Mainly involved in the transportation of nitrogen into our body cells,formations of purines and pyrimidine for the synthesis of DNA, thedevelopment of the nervous system and improving our body stamina.

Aspartic Acid (Asp, D)HOOC-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N Plays a major role in metabolism and in promotingthe synthesis of other amino acids.

Cysteine (Cys, C)HS-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, N, SActs as an antioxidant and provides resistance toour body; it is important for making collagen. Itaffects the texture and elasticity of the skin.

Glutamine (Gln, Q)H₂N-CO-(CH₂)₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NPromotes a healthy brain function and is necessaryfor the synthesis of nucleic acids – DNA and RNA.

Glutamic Acid (Glu, E)HOOC-(CH₂)₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NActs as a neurotransmitter and is mainly involved inthe development and functioning of the humanbrain.

Glycine (Gly, G)NH₂-CH₂-COOHElements include C, H, O, NHelpful in maintaining the proper cell growth, and itsfunction, and it also plays a vital role in healingwounds. It acts as a neurotransmitter.

Proline (Pro, P)NH-(CH₂)₃-CH-COOHElements include C, H, O, NMainly involved in the repairing of the tissues in theformation of collagen, preventing the thickening andhardening of the walls of the arteries (arteriosclerosis).

Serine (Ser, S)HO-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NHelps in promoting muscle growth and in thesynthesis of immune system proteins.

Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)HO-Ph-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOHElements include C, H, O, NPlays a vital role in the production of the thyroid hormones -T3 and T4, insynthesizing a class of neurotransmitters and melanin, which are naturalpigments found in our eyes, hair, and skin.