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3Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015GET IN TOUCH: Hannah Ashton – Editorhannah@animaltherapymedia.co.uk Georgia Keegan – Editorgeorgia@animaltherapymedia.co.uk Steven Sweet – Productioninfo@animaltherapymedia.co.uk www.animaltherapymedia.co.ukWhile every eort has been made to ensure that information is correct at the time of going to print, Animal erapy Media Ltd cannot be held responsible for the outcome of any action or decision based on the information contained in this publication/website. e publishers or authors do not give any warranty for the completeness or accuracy for this publication’s content, explanation or opinion. No part of this publication and/or website may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form without prior written permission of Animal erapy Media Ltd and/or the authors of the articles within. Permission is only deemed valid if approval is in writing.Front cover image: Chris Jones, Pet-ographywww.pet-ography.comCONTENTS 5 e Back People – Who are ey? 20 McTimoney Animal Association 22 Lungeing – In sickness and in health! 24 Chiropractic for Gundogs 28 How it all began! 30 Equine Stomach Ulcers 41 Riding Arena Surfaces 46 Rufus’s Story PRODUCT REVIEWS 32 Back on Track 38 Equi-Taping 44 Photizo 50 Bioow PROFESSIONAL PROFILE 36 Emma GreenM A G A Z I N EAnimalerapyWelcome! Animal erapy Magazine has been created by passionate professionals working in the eld of animal therapy.New products and techniques are being discovered every day and as such this publication is the ideal place for product launches, reviews, success stories, case studies, testimonials and much more.Anyone working within the industry will know that therapists learn something new with every case. For this reason we encourage professionals from every eld to get in touch to share their experiences, discuss techniques and promote products they believe in. is publication will provide a platform to educate owners and professionals, enabling them to achieve the best possible results for their animals.So, if you have a story to tell, get in touch......ISSUE 1 - SUMMER 2015Issued Quarterly

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4Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015Veterinary Physiotherapist covering Sussex, Surrey and parts of Hampshire.Physiotherapy can assist with: • Rehabilitation Post Muscular and Skeletal Injuries • Rehabilitation Post Surgery • Arthritis and Pain Management • Tendon and Ligament Injuries • Muscle Wastage and moreSpecies include Dogs, Cats, Horses and Livestock.Fully Qualied, Insured and a Member of ASSVAP.Please contact Kerrie for further details07949 998708kerrie@houndstohorsesphysio.co.ukwww.houndstohorsesphysio.co.ukKerrie Bainbridge PG Dip A Phys, RVN, Cert Ed, MASSVAPSally Evans Human and Equine Sports Massage erapistFully qualied and insuredFriendly and professional servicee main benets of massage are:• Increased performance and exibility• Enhances muscles tone• Relieves muscle spasm and tension• Improves circulation• Prevents injury• Improved recovery time• Relieves muscle soreness• Enhances proprioception• Promotes general well being• Can also help with behavioural issues when riddenMassage also benecial for• Horses suering respiratory problems• Arthritis• Laminitis• Joint conditions07535 990057Humanandequinemassagetherapy@yahoo.co.ukwww.humanandequinemassage.weebly.comAreas covered - Worcester, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and once a month the North West and Merseyside.Sarah Hamilton Dip A Phys, MIAATHooves and Hounds Physiotherapy oers a bespoke and specialist service in equine and canine physiotherapy, massage and rehabilitation with the goal of supporting every animal to be the best they can be whether they be a family pet or top athlete.Treatments will include a variety of manual therapies, joint mobilisation techniques, soft tissue massage, trigger point therapy, passive stretches and range of movement exercises.Electrotherapy options include the use of therapeutic ultrasound, electrostimulation, phototherapy and PEMF therapy and will be used where necessary.Working under veterinary referral I assist with the management and treatment of joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, soft tissue injuries, muscle pain and spasms, neurological conditions, non union fractures, post operative rehabilitation and performance problems in working and athletic animals.Areas covered include the Midlands and surrounding areas.Hooves and Hounds PhysiotherapyTel: 07969 635754 sarah@hoovesandhoundsphysio.co.ukwww.hoovesandhoundsphysio.co.ukWe are working for excellence in animal therapy through our registered animal therapistsIAAT exists to provide vets, owners and insurance companies with a register of trained professionals in a number of disciplines:  Physiotherapy Osteopathy Animal Manipulation Massage HydrotherapyIAAT is run by its members, for its members and is committed to providing a professional and proactive association. It is a high profile organisation that boasts a large number of international members. To register as a therapist, or for more information, please contact www.iaat.org.uk(email address to follow) 01844 290545

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5Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015T he Back PeopleHow often do we hear the words ‘I’ll get the back person out – but who and what is the back person?Although the back is a vital area to treat, therapists can actually do so much more. A thorough treatment of your animal will go from head to tail as like us, when one bit hurts, we use another part in excess resulting in compensatory issues, and this doesn’t just involve adjoining structures. A hind limb injury can also aect the poll !!!We have spoken to professionals from many qualications and we hope this article will give you a better idea of what each therapy is all about! First things rst, therapies work in conjunction with veterinary law and veterinary consent is essential prior to any treatment. McTimoney Animal Association 6th July 2015 What is McTimoneyTreatment? McTimoney Animal Practitioners use gentle light chiropractic techniques to rebalance the skeletal system and restore normal functionality to the animal receiving treatment. Where there are no underlying pathologies, treatment will enable the animal to regain maximal flexibility, even movement and symmetrical loading on all limbs. Where underlying pathologies affect the mobility of the animal, the McTimoney treatment will reduce discomfort and improve movement in areas where there are compensatory loading patterns. Due to the gentle application of the adjustments made, animals readily accept the treatment and may yawn, doze and exhibit other clear signs of relaxation throughout treatment. McTimoney treatment can be given as a stand-alone treatment or used alongside other therapies, and all practitioners are trained to the highest level at the McTimoney College. Case Study: McDuff the cocker spaniel. Owner Catherine describes his symptoms, ‘A few days after having his haircut, he started shaking and shivering. We thought this was due to the cold weather. He then was reluctant to walk any great distance and his tail was between his legs. This was a symptom displayed when he had a bad bout of pancreatitis although he was not constipated.’ “We took him to the vet who thoroughly examined him and took blood tests. He had been sliding on the wooden flooring and toppled when turning corners suddenly. He was also dragging his right back leg. He was given an injection and anti inflammatories. We returned to the vet the following week and his blood results were clear. His tail was, at times, rigid then gave an occasional twitch. He had another injection and a further prescription of anti inflammatories. He was on bed rest with short trips to the garden for the toilet. After a further visit to the vet, unfortunately not the one he had previously seen, he was still uncomfortable and could only walk short distances despite being prescribed more pills. This was very distressing as we then had a dog who could only lie in his bed for most of the day, had no energy and was reluctant to go out. He had become very aggressive if there was another dog in the vicinity which was most upsetting and totally out of character. We knew this could not continue!’ Catherine took McDuff to see a McTimoney Animal Practitioner, who identified a key area in the mid spine where there was a distinct area of skeletal imbalance and associated soft With thanks to:

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6Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015ESTABLISHED OVER 35 year’s ago and pioneered by Sherry Scott MBE and Mary Bromiley MBE, Animal Physiotherapy soon became a recognised and vital profession within the companion, competitive and working animal industries.Animal Physiotherapy is used to rehabilitate and maintain health, mobility, function and performance in all animals whether they are your top competitor or your best friend. A full treatment will assess gait, mobility, muscle balance, muscle, tendon and ligament elasticity and strength, joint and limb exibility, range of movement and over all suppleness. Physiotherapy can treat a broad spectrum of conditions whether it is performance, medical or surgically related, with goals being;• to reduce pain• to regain full joint range of movement• to restore and enhance strength• to regain full functionality• to form a relevant exercise plan to avoid re-injuryAnimal physiotherapists are trained in manual techniques, such as acupressure, myofascial release, trigger point release, massage, so tissue work and joint mobilisation. ey also frequently use electrotherapies such as phototherapy, ultrasound, electro stimulation and pulsed electromagnetic therapy. erapists are presented with a range of conditions through their working day ranging from general check overs for peace of mind to post-surgical rehabilitation, fracture repair, arthritis, tendon and ligament injuries, lameness and gait abnormalities, loss of muscle, behavioural issues, degenerating diseases and much more. e list is endless! ere have also been many fantastic results in the treatment of none healing so tissue injuries and proud esh.Post treatment and when appropriate, a full exercise rehabilitation programme can be written specically for your animals condition to ensure the body can repair correctly and reduce the incidence of re-injury.Like all therapies, animal physiotherapists work under veterinary law and it is essential that contact is made with the treating vet, whether it be a courtesy call or to discuss ongoing issues, ndings and next stages. ere are times when physiotherapy would not be the right mode of treatment at a specic time and this is why a full understanding of the animals past and present condition is essential. Should your animal be suering with a temperature, infection, vomiting or diarrhoea, using any form of treatment that boosts circulation would make the animal feel much worse and can over load the system with the toxins the body is trying to expel. e same theory applies to any animal that has been diagnosed with any form of cancer or leukaemia. Veterinary physiotherapy is becoming a very popular profession enabling those with a passion and talent for working with animals full their career dreams. Many universities and colleges oer courses ranging from MSc, Degree, post graduate and diploma level qualications yet the format can vary from distance learning to residential, so when deciding which course to take, the nal decision may be down to the learning method that suits you best at your time of life.Typically students begin their training with a Veterinary, Equine or human background, however there are many talented professionals who have an equine or canine training, behavioural or competing background and have become very popular with their clients due to their in depth understanding and knowledge of the species, so don’t be afraid to pick up the phone and ask the questions. To nd a fully trained and insured physiotherapist, or for any questions about training, the following companies will be able to help you.www.animaltherapy.org www.acpat.org www.navp.co.uk www.irvap.org.ukwww.justodevelopment.comVeterinary/Animal PhysiotherapyTHE BACK PEOPLEby Hannah Ashton BSc, DipAPhys, MIAAT

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8Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015by Nikki Alexander MSc, BSc (Hons) and MMAA, MIAAT, MASSVAPMANIPULATION OF THE spine is one of the oldest therapies in the world and dates back to 2,700 BC. e history of Chiropractic started in Davenport USA in 1895 with Daniel David Palmer when he was visited by a Mr Lillard. Mr Lillard explained that 17 years previously a he had been stooping, when he felt something give in his back and almost immediately he lost his hearing. He was treated by Daniel David Palmer, who manipulated a misplaced vertebra and his hearing returned.A man called John McTimoney developed the McTimoney Animal Manipulation technique in the 20th century, by utilising techniques he developed in his human Chiropractic treatment. e term “Chiropractic” is limited to the treatment of humans, therefore the term “Manipulation” is used with animals.In 1942, as a result of a bad fall from a ladder in 1939, McTimoney began losing the use of his arms and had problems walking. At that time, conventional medicine could oer him only a complex operation on his back. At the suggestion of his wife he went to see a Chiropractor, as she had been treated by him in the past with success. e Chiropractor had been trained in the United States by Daniel David Palmer. He manipulated the bones in McTimoney’s neck, realigning the vertebrae and removing pressure from the local nerves controlling movement in his limbs. is caused an immediate improvement, allowing McTimoney to walk the 5 miles home. Continued treatment over 3 years resolved the problems completely.Over the course of his treatment McTimoney became fascinated by the technique and determined to learn it for himself. Aer he qualied, he developed his own technique for humans based on a “toggle-torque-recoil” adjustment which is an extremely light and fast movement. However, following success treating animals, many of which were facing an uncertain future due to problems that could not be cured by conventional veterinary medicine, he developed a specic technique for animals derived from his human Chiropractic methods. Following his death the McTimoney College worked closely with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons to develop an Animal Manipulation course which was launched in 1998. Holistic in approach, the technique seeks to restore balance in the body where disease has occurred due to a disturbance or interference. It is a relatively gentle technique and works with the body to allow it to heal itself naturally. It utilises the concept of Innate Intelligence, a term used to describe the in-born (innate) healing ability of the body, once the interference has been removed.e manipulations are done only with the erapists hands and are based on speed rather than force to eect the change.e technique requires the consent of a qualied vet, as they need to be aware that the animal is being examined and will possibly receive treatment. ey should advise the owner and if required, the McTimoney erapist, if they had any concerns about the animal being treated.e rst part of the examination consists of palpation where the animals’ skeletal structure is assessed for misalignments. e bones form the support structure for the body. e nervous system starts with the brain and the spinal cord passes down through the centre of the spinal column, from which it derives support and protection. Many nerves pass out from the spinal cord through gaps between the vertebrae and provide a communication network all over the body. ese nerves relay signals to and from the brain to enable the body to work in the correct manner. Misalignments can occur due to a major trauma, a slip or fall where an external force causes bones to be moved slightly out of their normal position, such as McTimoney’s fall from the ladder, or when the body produces a local muscle spasm to prevent further damage, which then prevents the normal joint motion.Alternatively prolonged uneven use of certain parts of the body can result in asymmetrical development of ligaments and muscles, which gradually pull against the skeletal attachments and move things away from the correct position. For example compensation for a poorly tting saddle or soreness elsewhere in the body. e nerves may be aected directly by a misaligned bone, where it is pressing on the nerve; or the misalignment may Chiropractic THE BACK PEOPLE

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9Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015cause a muscular spasm, which then causes a localised inammation and reaction that elicits a pain response. Where nerve function is interrupted it becomes impaired. Normal nerve impulses may not be received properly or are replaced with others, which tell the brain there is a breakdown of nerve communication in that area.Once the misalignments have been found, they are treated with precise, rapid, light hand adjustments which input an impulse into the body, helping it to release the muscular spasms and allow the natural healing to start.Realignment removes the disturbance from the aected nerves. is allows them to heal and resume the normal communication path. In addition, concurrent inammatory eects gradually subside.e amount of treatment required to resolve the problem will vary depending on the problem itself. In general where a misalignment has occurred recently and there has been little compensatory activity, the system will return to normal quickly. is may require only one treatment with only a short period of recuperation. However, if there is a long standing condition due to poor posture or uneven muscle or ligament use, then the system is likely to require more treatments. In this case the body will not be able simply to return to the ideal position immediately, due to the asymmetrical development. erefore small gradual adjustments may be required over a number of visits.When the body is back in its natural alignment, it can be benecial to have a regular maintenance treatment to prevent a condition reoccurring or regressing.Once the manipulation has been performed, improvements in the body and healing will start. However, depending on the severity of the problem, associated inammation and compensatory actions, the positive improvement may take a few days to become apparent to the onlooker.is healing is a natural process and will vary from animal to animal. It will be aected by its age, condition and natural healing capability. erefore it is important that the animal is given appropriate care and treatment following a manipulation, in order that the healing process can occur as quickly and as thoroughly as possible. It is possible that the animal may be more tired or thirsty directly aer a treatment. In some cases they may be a little sti, especially if areas are released aer a prolonged period of misalignment. Muscle groups or ligaments that have been in spasm may also need time to strengthen properly once the interference is removed. Inammation will take time to subside and for the area to return to normal.It will be important that the animal does not over exert itself for few days but that it is also given some gentle exercise and a light diet in order that it can cleanse released toxins from its system. Plenty of water should be provided at all times.Once the initial period has passed and the system has settled, the animal may start to resume its normal exercise routine, gradually building up to the original work level. Care should be taken to rebuild strength in the aected area, especially in cases of a prolonged problem where compensatory musculoskeletal changes have developed.Holistic in approach, the technique seeks to restore balance in the body where disease has occurred due to a disturbance or interference.Tel: 07788 723250nikki@eximetry.co.ukwww.eximetry.co.uk

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11Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015Celsius. e encompassing warmth of the water will relax muscles by initiating an expansion of surface blood vessels and increasing the skin temperature which can bring about a decrease in pain, stiness and muscle spasm and an increase in range of movement. In most instances a hydrotherapist will be in the water with the dog in a hydrotherapy pool and this will oen be the case during a water treadmill session as well. For safety the dog will be tted with buoyancy jackets and/or a suitable harness in both a pool and a water treadmill. A collar and pole is not considered a safe and eective method of controlling a dog and as such the CHA have banned their members from using this method.e aquatic treadmill is surrounded by glass sides to enable the hydrotherapist to monitor the patient’s joint range of movement, weight bearing and stride length. It has a variable speed enabling the correct gait pattern for the patient. Walking on the treadmill is a closed chain exercise; the foot is xed against a form of resistance. is method of walking with the support of the water targeting the relevant joints is an ideal way of re-educating the gait post surgery or injury. e treadmill is also extremely useful for making the transition from water to dry land by gradually increasing the load on the aected joint.ere are a numerous conditions that benet from hydrotherapy including but not limited to the following:• Cruciate ligament disease and rupture• Hip dysplasia• Elbow dysplasia• Arthritis• Neurological disease• Spinal injuries• Patella luxationMany owners report signicant improvements in their pets mental wellbeing aer attending hydrotherapy, any exercise will encourage the release of adrenaline (a natural pain killer) and endorphins, therefore adding to the ‘feel good factor’. is improvement in mental wellbeing can be just as important as the physical improvements bought about by hydrotherapy, especially in older dogs.e hydrotherapist will shower the dog pre and post session and conduct Many owners report signicant improvements in their pets mental wellbeing after attending hydrotherapy,

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12Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015THE BACK PEOPLESome facts about the CHAAll CHA members hold a nationally recognised qualication in Small Animal Hydrotherapy at a minimum of Level 3 and are regularly audited ensuring quality and consistency.All members adhere to a strict set of Quality Standards and Code of Practice.Members also work by veterinary referral only, ensuring the patient is t to undertake hydrotherapy treatment and that the referring vet is aware of any treatment the dog is undergoingHydrotherapists regularly feedback to the treating veterinary surgeon.e CHA require members to complete a minimum of 20 hours a year CPD (Continued Professional Development), ensuring members keep up to date with new methods within this rapidly expanding and exciting industry. Recently the CHA have launched a public Facebook page to keep the public, referring veterinary surgeons and other professionals up to date with what is happening within the CHA.a health check. An individual program will be created for each dog, depending on the condition they have, age, breed etc, this program will be continually adjusted as the dog progresses and a feedback report sent to the vet.What to ask and to look for when choosing your Hydrotherapy CentreWhen choosing a hydrotherapy centre for your dog it is important to know what to look for, as one can much look like another on the outside. What should you be looking for to ensure your companion will receive the best care and attention? It should also be ensured that the Hydrotherapy Centre or individual Hydrotherapist is a member of a minimum of one regulatory body:CHA (Canine Hydrotherapy Association)NARCH (National Association of Registered Canine Hydrotherapists)e points below may act as some guidance;Prior to the hydrotherapy session• DO ensure you have received information regarding hydrotherapy• DO ensure you have any concerns alleviated regarding the hydrotherapy treatment• DO ensure a Veterinary Referral is obtained by the Hydrotherapist prior to any treatment• DO ensure the Hydrotherapist conducting the session has achieved the relevant qualications in hydrotherapy – a minimum of a Level 3 Certicate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals.• DO ensure it is not permitted for you to accompany your dog into the pool.• DO ensure your dog is accompanied by a qualied Hydrotherapist at all times• DO ensure great care is taken should your dog retrieve toys o the water line. is could lead to secondary drowning and is not advised. It is however acceptable for your dog to chase a toy to encourage and motivate.• DO ensure the centre your dog will be attending does not allow more than one dog in the pool at any one time. is could have a negative eect on your dogs condition as stress hormones may be released into your dogs body potentially blocking vital pain pathways and responses to pain therefore risking a deterioration in your dog’s condition.• DO ensure the centre’s water quality is monitored – should be tested 3 times daily to ensure eective and accurate sanitisation with correct PH and alkalinity levels. All results should be recorded and available to be seen upon request.e initial consultationFull assessment will be performed to include history taking, measurements of muscle mass, a full health check and the emergency procedure explained.Post session• e dog should receive a shower and an appropriate method of drying.• Feedback should be given on the dog’s performance throughout the session plus any post swim care instructions given.

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13Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015IF WE ARE TO BELIEVE THE original stories regarding the origins of osteopathy, then “animal osteopathy” started in North America and was an integral part of the traditional medical/health care that the native nations used to maintain themselves and their animals.roughout osteopathy’s history there are tales of individuals treating animals, usually at the request of an owner who has benetted from the same.It isn’t until we get into the 20th Century that some of these individuals began to really integrate animal work into their clinical practise. Arthur Smith has been documented building up a very successful referral clinic with his vet taking in horses from all over the UK. He is certainly one of the fathers of modern equine osteopathy.Later on, individuals such as Anthony Pusey built on this and set up an even greater referral clinic with specialist orthopaedic veterinary surgeon Dr Chris Colles. Between them they saw thousands of horses and also managed to produce several papers and texts on the subject of treating back pain in the horse. Sadly Anthony died young, although the clinic has continued to this day, more about that later.ere have been many others who have entered this branch of osteopathic medicine, however not all have fully understood the legal and professional requirements when faced with treating animals. As the Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966 stands, we as manual therapists can only treat an animal that is referred to us by that animals vet. Referral does not mean an owner saying it is OK!Within the osteopathic profession a core group of osteopaths set about creating a professional postgraduate training scheme for qualied osteopaths to embark safely on animal work. A society was formed with the support of the statutory governing body, the General Osteopathic Council (GOsC), and a part time Masters course was validated to allow osteopaths to really advance their skills. ere are many other CPD seminars provided throughout the year by members further supporting the professional growth of the profession.is is all great, but what do osteopaths really do, and what might an owner need to see an osteopath for?Osteopathy looks at assisting the body to maintain, or return to, a normal functioning unit. Every part of a living body is an integral piece of the whole. If an animal manages to strain a joint, or muscle it will alter how the rest of Animal Osteopathyby Tony Nevin BSc (Hons) Ost, DO13Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015

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14Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015the body copes with this. With horses in particular, they are traditionally a prey species, and so will compensate very quickly to be able to still run away from any potential threat. Dogs will oen hide a problem so as not to appear weak. Once you get into the realms of wildlife and exotics it becomes even more muddled.When we look at a patient, regardless of species, we are most interested in how it is physically coping. Can it move about freely, and can it comfortably achieve all that it needs to in order to survive and thrive?In the past many osteopaths got hung up on achieving complete symmetry of the patient at rest. However no patient will ever be completely symmetrical, just look at a skeleton of any animal or person. What we as osteopaths are really focussing on is freedom of movement within safe boundaries. e ability to move and perform all functions symptom free is the true goal.With the aid of many modern diagnostic methods, including radiography, CT scans, MRI images, and clinical thermography we are able to better assess a patent’s true potential, as well as create realistic expectations from any treatment plans oered.e sorts of things osteopaths regularly treat, and help with are very similar to the types of problems we humans suer from. Joint strains, over use of certain areas of the body, trauma based injuries, as well as age related wear and tear problems.In most situations we are working with vets on cases that involve no known disease or structural damage to the body. When an animal sustains a minor injury the nervous system acts in a way to protect the individual from further harm, and then re allocates resources within to try to mend or x any damaged tissues, whilst still allowing that individual to function adequately. In many cases this mechanism doesn’t revert back to normal once the problem has resolved. is is where the osteopath can really help.A classic comment we hear when we take a history from an owner is that their animal’s performance has gradually decreased. is is particularly so with horses. ese magnicent creatures will try every trick they know to allow them to carry on. Oen to their own detriment, as their owners are then unaware that there is a problem and oen get upset when this is pointed out to them. But, as with most things in life, hindsight is a wonderful gi. e fact that we get to have these conversations with the owners is testament to the care of their horses.For me I have a passion for looking at the horse with these long standing movement problems. Very oen they will show little or no pain when we examine them. Instead the so tissues and joints have oen become quite sti, and the horse oen lacks “drive.” ere is usually a reluctance to engage behind (usually because they nd it physically too demanding), and turning in tight circles is out of the 14 Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015THE BACK PEOPLE

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15Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015question. Most don’t like contact in the mouth, and many feel uncomfortable to ride. Saddlers oen take a lot of ak with these cases due to the altered way the horse moves, making a decent saddle t nigh on impossible. Due to the nature of these cases we generally treat them aer the vet has administered sedation, otherwise they nd it impossible to relax enough to allow any meaningful changes to take place. Once sedated these patients will actively work with, and guide the osteopath through each treatment session, allowing the layers of compensatory patterns to be unravelled, eventually returning them back to a normal equine way of moving.e depth and breadth of osteopathic treatment is far too great to be covered in a single article, therefore Tony will be having a regular column in the publication. Next time he will talk more about integrating movement, and some of the more unusual cases that osteopaths have seen.Tony graduated from the European School of Osteopathy in 1988, and took a later degree from the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, graduating in 2010.Within a year of initial graduation he was approached to treat some horses. Liaising with the vet he found that there was a much greater willingness from the vet to work with him compared to the state of play with doctors on the human side back in the late 1980s.Soon Tony expanded his animal work to cover small animal treatment, setting up the rst referral clinic within a vet’s practice in Gloucestershire, as well as attaching himself to a wildlife hospital, and then several zoos and safari parks where he expanded the boundaries of osteopathic medicine to include species hitherto thought to be untreatable with manual medicine.He helped found the Society of Osteopaths in Animal Practice, and was chair for 6 years steering it into the respected organisation that it now is.Along the way he has lectured internationally, is clinical director on the only established MSc in Animal Osteopathy, has had scientic papers published, and is currently working on a comprehensive textbook on animal and bird osteopathy. To date his list of patient species exceeds 300 dierent kinds, many of these he has pioneered the successful treatment of.Osteopathy looks at assisting the body to maintain, or return to, a normal functioning unit. 15Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015

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16Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015THE BACK PEOPLECanine Massage erapyby Catherine Nicoll FSMT Sports Massage, Level 4 TCMDMASSAGE FOR HUMANS has been documented since 2000BC, when it was mentioned in ancient medical manuscripts from China, Persia and Egypt. In the early nineteenth century, Per Henrik Ling from Sweden, was responsible for developing the so tissue techniques and names of movements that are considered the foundation of all massage modalities, such as eeurage, petrissage, friction, tapotement and vibration. It was soon realised that massage could help to resolve injuries, relieve pain, reduce stress and enable a deep relaxation.Today, massage is a highly respected form of holisic therapy and practiced across the world. Not only has it developed in the human world, it has also been realised as a valuable profession within the animal world.Various massage and stretching techniques can be applied, enabling the animal to not only perform to their full potential, but for those who may be having a quieter life, it can keep them supple, comfortable and using themselves correctly in their golden years.Massage is proven to:• Increase and improve circulation• Enhance muscle tone• Relax muscle spasm• Prevent and relieve adhesions• Increase the range of movementAlongside the use of massage for competition and general activity, it is also a valuable treatment should the animal be undergoing restricted exercise such as box rest in the case of horses or cage rest in the case of dogs.Canine Massage has many benets. It can be used to rehabilitate your dog from injury, relieve discomfort, stiness, lameness and help restore mobility. e aim is to promote the relaxation of tight, inexible muscles, to improve their elasticity and range ofmovement (ROM). In addition massage can help dogs to cope with orthopaedic issues, such as arthritis, hip dysplasia and spondylosis. Canine Massage is a clinical therapy used to support and resolve issues in your dog’s muscular system that may be having a detrimental eect on their mobility, mood and quality of life. e muscular system can house a vast range of painful issues and injuries and as dogs are not able to tell us they are in pain, these issues can go overlooked. Massage is a unique, strong, manipulative treatment for dogs and works by releasing tight, sore muscles, removing debilitating trigger points (or knots) that can cause referred pain and helps to break down restrictive scar tissue. Canine massage is particularly eective not just for sustained injuries but also for ongoing orthopaedic and chronic issues. Every time pain or injury occurs, compensatory behaviours follow. Over time, these compensatory issues have a knock on eect on demeanour, posture, gait and activities such as going up stairs, jumping into cars and general play. For this reason, a good therapist will treat the whole body, from head to tail interpreting and understanding each voluntary or involuntary reaction!Massage can produce visibly signicant results in 1 to 3 sessions.Before any treatment begins, by law, the therapist must seek veterinary referral. Massage should only be carried out by a skilled, trained and insured professional who is able to locate and treat which muscle groups are responsible for the pain. It is also the responsibility of the therapist to refer ndings back to the treating veterinary surgeon, should there be no improvement or further issues are discovered during treatment that require a diagnosis.I am a member of e Canine Massage Guild. To nd your nearest therapist visit www.k9-MassageGuild.co.ukAbout the authorCatherine Nicoll has a Level 4 Therapeutic Canine Massage Diploma and a FSMT Certicate of Sports Massage. She is passionate about dogs with two rescue dogs of her own who are both very active with lots of walks, and also take part in a sport called Canicross - cross-country running with your dog. Catherine raises money for local dog charities by running a local pub quiz and she also treats rescue Greyhounds waiting for their forever home.

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18Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015ALTHOUGH IT IS NOT clear when massage was rst transferred to horses, there are plenty of references regarding the ‘strapping’ of carriage and dra horses, an early form of tapotement. Equine sports massage techniques became further integrated when American, Jack Meagher was employed to treat horses competing for the United States Equestrian Team at the 1976 Montreal Olympics and later in England by Mary Bromiley with the English Olympic Equestrian teams.Equine Sports Massage is the assessment and manipulation of the so tissues and joints of the equine body using established swedish massage techniques. Like human and canine massage, it may have many benets including: • Assisting in promoting both vascular and lymphatic circulation• Improving joint mobility • Assisting exibility and agility• Reducing the formation of scar tissue • Stimulating the parasympathetic nervous systemVETERINARY PERMISSIONEquine Sports Massage has become an established treatment option complementing veterinary care for horses. It is the Law in the UK that an equine therapist must rst seek veterinary permission before treating your horse, even if it is just for a routine check up.It has also become a popular therapy for general health care and regular MOT for horses at all levels of competition as well as ‘happy hackers’. It is important to have a para professional check your equine companion over at least a couple of times a year. A trained therapist can detect subtle changes in skin temperature, muscle tone and texture and oer early resolution to minor injuries, or in cases of underlying conditions, referral back to the treating veterinary surgeon can result in early detection and prompt treatment. WHAT TO EXPECT FROM YOUR THERAPIST?Anyone treating your horse should hold a recognised qualication, full insurance and be a member of a professional body. It is the owners’ responsibility to contact their vet prior to treatment and in some cases, following treatment, ndings should be reported back to the treating vet in a report by the therapist.ere will be slight variations in how each therapist works, however, you should expect them to obtain a history, request to see your horse move, treat in an appropriate manor and provide you with advice and exercises to carry out in between treatments.WHERE CAN YOU TRAIN TO BECOME AN EQUINE SPORTS MASSAGE THERAPIST?Animal Physical erapy is becoming one of the fastest growing professions in the country. If you are an animal lover, then what is better than being able to work with animals to regain their healthy function and get paid for it! ere are a plethora of courses on oer and it can be quite confusing for the budding equine therapy student to know what type of course to enrol upon. So here are a few questions you should ask the training provider:• Is the course accredited with an external examining body? • Is it internally and externally veried by an independent professional body ensuring standardisation? Is it a certicate of attendance, an award or a Diploma? • What level on the national Qualications and Credit Framework QCF is it at? (From 2019 it will likely need to be a minimum of a Level 3 Diploma) • Is the person providing the training an experienced, qualied further education teacher? • How many contact hours training? • How much home study and practical case studies are involved? Are there nal practical and theory exams/assessments, or a DVD to be sent in? (Would you trust a veterinarian who had completed his training online and just sent in a DVD for his nal assessment?) • Are learners able to gain membership of a professional association with a strict code of conduct and ethics? • Can students/graduates get professional liability and malpractice insurance?Equine Sports Massageby Julie Boxall-Tully Principal, Institute of Complementary Animal erapiesTHE BACK PEOPLE

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20Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015WHAT IS McTIMONEY TREATMENT?McTimoney Animal Practitioners use gentle light chiropractic techniques to rebalance the skeletal system and restore normal functionality to the animal receiving treatment. Where there are no underlying pathologies, treatment will enable the animal to regain maximal exibility, even movement and symmetrical loading on all limbs. Where underlying pathologies aect the mobility of the animal, the McTimoney treatment will reduce discomfort and improve movement in areas where there are compensatory loading patterns. Due to the gentle application of the adjustments made, animals readily accept the treatment and may yawn, doze and exhibit other clear signs of relaxation throughout treatment. McTimoney treatment can be given as a stand-alone treatment or used alongside other therapies, and all practitioners are trained to the highest level at the McTimoney College.All members of the McTimoney Animal Association are qualied aer training with the premier institution of its kind, the McTimoney College in Abingdon, having studied up to three years at postgraduate level attaining an MSc or Post Graduate Diploma in chiropractic techniques for animals.For more information on training go to www.animalcareer.co.uk. To nd your local practitioner go to www.mctimoney-animal.org.uk or follow us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/McTimoneyAnimalAssociation. McTimoney Animal Association 6th July 2015 What is McTimoneyTreatment? McTimoney Animal Practitioners use gentle light chiropractic techniques to rebalance the skeletal system and restore normal functionality to the animal receiving treatment. Where there are no underlying pathologies, treatment will enable the animal to regain maximal flexibility, even movement and symmetrical loading on all limbs. Where underlying pathologies affect the mobility of the animal, the McTimoney treatment will reduce discomfort and improve movement in areas where there are compensatory loading patterns. Due to the gentle application of the adjustments made, animals readily accept the treatment and may yawn, doze and exhibit other clear signs of relaxation throughout treatment. McTimoney treatment can be given as a stand-alone treatment or used alongside other therapies, and all practitioners are trained to the highest level at the McTimoney College. Case Study: McDuff the cocker spaniel. Owner Catherine describes his symptoms, ‘A few days after having his haircut, he started shaking and shivering. We thought this was due to the cold weather. He then was reluctant to walk any great distance and his tail was between his legs. This was a symptom displayed when he had a bad bout of pancreatitis although he was not constipated.’ “We took him to the vet who thoroughly examined him and took blood tests. He had been sliding on the wooden flooring and toppled when turning corners suddenly. He was also dragging his right back leg. He was given an injection and anti inflammatories. We returned to the vet the following week and his blood results were clear. His tail was, at times, rigid then gave an occasional twitch. He had another injection and a further prescription of anti inflammatories. He was on bed rest with short trips to the garden for the toilet. After a further visit to the vet, unfortunately not the one he had previously seen, he was still uncomfortable and could only walk short distances despite being prescribed more pills. This was very distressing as we then had a dog who could only lie in his bed for most of the day, had no energy and was reluctant to go out. He had become very aggressive if there was another dog in the vicinity which was most upsetting and totally out of character. We knew this could not continue!’ Catherine took McDuff to see a McTimoney Animal Practitioner, who identified a key area in the mid spine where there was a distinct area of skeletal imbalance and associated soft McTimoney Animal AssociationMcTIMONEYOwner Catherine describes McDu’s symptoms, ‘A few days after having his haircut, he started shaking and shivering. We thought this was due to the cold weather. He then was reluctant to walk any great distance and his tail was between his legs. This was a symptom displayed when he had a bad bout of pancreatitis although he was not constipated.’ “We took him to the vet who thoroughly examined him and took blood tests. He had been sliding on the wooden ooring and toppled when turning corners suddenly. He was also dragging his right back leg. He was given an injection and anti inammatories. We returned to the vet the following week and his blood results were clear. His tail was, at times, rigid then gave an occasional twitch. He had another injection and a further prescription of anti inammatories. He was on bed rest with short trips to the garden for the toilet. After a further visit to the vet, unfortunately not the one he had previously seen, he was still uncomfortable and could only walk short distances despite being prescribed more pills. This was very distressing as we then had a dog who could only lie in his bed for most of the day, had no energy and was reluctant to go out. He had become very aggressive if there was another dog in the vicinity which was most upsetting and totally out of character. We knew this could not continue!’Catherine took McDu to see a McTimoney Animal Practitioner, who identied a key area in the mid spine where there was a distinct area of skeletal imbalance and associated soft tissue pain. The pelvis was also rotated and tilted meaning that as the dog stood square, the pelvis was clearly not level above the feet. All this imbalance meant that McDu was feeling a lot of pain and tension through his body and wasn’t able to move normally, hence his reluctance to do anything. After his rst treatment, McDu slept much of the day and the next morning, he was very much back to his normal self….. he scampered up the stairs and threw himself onto his owners bed! McDu did require another two treatments to maintain his progress as he was apt to overdo it when he was feeling better, but is now a happy and t little dog again.CASE STUDYMcDu the Cocker Spaniel

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22Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015A LOT OF RIDERS AND trainers view lungeing as a fairly boring but relatively quick way to give a horse a bit of exercise when poor weather or time factors make riding dicult. Lungeing can, however, provide a really eective aerobic, gymnastic workout for your horse and, at the same time, it gives you the opportunity to watch and assess your horse properly. You can evaluate their paces; see if the horse is engaged and working eectively through its back; identify which muscles are working well and to note any areas of weakness or compensation. Dr Hilary Bentley of EquiAmi says “it can be quite enlightening but very sobering to watch those areas of the horse that you normally don’t observe from the saddle”. All horses are essentially athletes and in this I include gymnasts and dancers as well as jumpers, sprinters, middle and long distance runners and triathletes (eventers). No human athlete would spend every training session running up and down the track or jumping high jumps etc. Several times a week they go into the gym to work on specic muscle groups in order to enhance their performance on the track or eld. Our equine athletes need to have a similar tness and training regime. e muscles that are most oen neglected by horse owners are those in front of and behind the withers/under the saddle. ese muscles not only provide the wither li and lightness we so desire but also have the job of carrying the saddle and rider therefore are fundamental to everything we do. It doesn’t matter how well tting your saddle is; the pressure of a rider impedes the blood ow through these muscles which therefore prevents optimum muscle development. Working your horse on the lunge once or twice a week allows these muscles to build up to a greater extent. ese improved muscles will then carry the saddle up and away from the spine more eectively, giving the horse greater physical strength and comfort which can only improve your overall performance. Generating wither-li also has the benecial eect of liing the spine in the under-saddle region which in turn causes the spinous processes to separate which allows them to strengthen in this position. If a horse is working hollow the spinous processes are pushed together and impingement can occur. Liing the back and enabling the stabilising structures to build, strengthen and support the spine is vital in rehabilitation from kissing spines surgery but can also go a long way in prevention of this and other disorders. ese changes will only occur, however, if your horse is working through his back on the lunge. Twenty minutes of trotting round on the forehand or leaning on side reins achieves nothing other than to compound old habits or can even be making matters worse. We do not want our horses to lean on us under saddle so we should not to allow them to lean on the lunge. Leaning encourages the undesirable development of the under neck muscles and we preferour horses to develop a good topline, whilst the under neck muscles counterbalance and remainso. You can check this out for yourself. When you stand upright in a normal, relaxed manner and feel your neck, you will nd that the muscles at the back of your neck are rm whilst the muscles on either side at the front of your neck remain so. Now lean your chin on your other hand and feel what happens. You will notice how the muscles at the front of your neck immediately contract to support this new posture. When a horse leans it allows the under neck muscles to build up, doing the work that the upper neck muscles should be doing, rather than just counterbalancing. is in turn means that the desired development of the upper neck muscles that produce the topline is impaired as they are not working eectively.Endeavouring to develop a lungeing aid that would promote engagement and topline with lightness and suppleness was challenging to EquiAmi but not impossible. e fact that you never lean on something that moves led Hilary to develop the EquiAmi lungeing aid which moves in a very similar way to the small communication movements that go down the reins when you are riding in order to keep a so, equal contact. Once a horse starts working and carrying himself correctly, his muscle prole begins to change quite quickly and this soon becomes the horse’s default way of going as he feels stronger through his back and more comfortable and condent in this outline.In rehabilitation, where a horse is unt and not doing any ridden work, a daily session at lower intensity and for a shorter time will rebuild the wasted muscles and bring about the activation of the core muscles which are so important to physical strength and balance. Lungeing In sickness and in healthby Dr Hilary Bentley BSc, MA, PhDEquine Care22 Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015 Image: synergistsaddles.com

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24Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015by Faye Morris B.Sc. (Hons) CHIRO MMCAI, MIVCASHOOTING IS A SPORT THAT demands a lot of physical exertion from your gundog. Long periods of activity on rough terrain can make them vulnerable to injury and lameness that can sometimes bring a premature end to their working career. e gundog breeds are also predisposed to a number of diseases that aect the musculoskeletal system. For example ...HIP DYSPLASIA – Malformation and degeneration of the coxofemoral joints. Very common disease with high incidences in Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Clumber Spaniels, Bracco Italiano, English Setter, Gordon Setter and Irish Red Setters.1Aected dogs may become less active, have diculty rising, running, jumping or stair climbing. ey are oen lame, worse aer exercise, have a characteristic ‘bunny hopping’ gait and may stand with their hind limbs very close together. It is caused by a genetic predisposition for hip laxity which is then inuenced by rapid weight gain, muscle mass and nutrition. ere are many treatment options dependent upon severity including manual therapies, hydrotherapy, antiinammatory medications(NSAID’s,) nutritional approaches, weight control and surgery.2ELBOW DYSPLASIA – Caused by a series of four developmental abnormalities in the elbow joint that result in malformation and degeneration. is is a common disease and is noted in the Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever, Curly Coated Retriever, Clumber Spaniel, Bracco Italiano, Italian Spinone, English Setter and Gordon Setter. It is also oen more likely in male dogs. Symptoms include intermittent or persistent forelimb lameness. Exercise will worsen the symptoms and oen the initial sign is that of stiness aer rest. It is caused by genetic and developmental factors and is inuenced by nutrition. Treatment is dependent upon severity but includes Surgery, NSAID’s and diet.PATELLAR LUXATION –Displacement of the patellar from its normal position. is is one of the most common causes of stie abnormality. It predominantly aects Toy breed dogs but the Flatcoated Retriever and Labrador Retriever are at risk. Female dogs are 1.5 times more likely to suer than males. e condition may begin with abnormal hind-limb carriage, developing into skipping and lameness as degenerative joint disease develops. Causes are congenital or trauma related. Treatment depends upon the severity and includes surgery, manual therapy, weight control and NSAIDs.OSTEOCHONDROSIS – Disordered growth process in cartilage that leads to excessive retention of cartilage. is leads to thickened areas of cartilage with an impaired supply of nutrients. is poor quality cartilage becomes damaged resulting in degeneration. is may lead to arthritic conditions eventually. It is a frequent and serious problem aecting many dog breeds. Gundogs at risk include the Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever and Italian Spinone. e most common symptom is lameness either of sudden or insidious onset. Lameness is usually worse aer exercise and can be severe. It is a developmental issue with strong nutritional inuences. A high calcium diet is a risk factor, as is rapid weight gain or rapid growth. Treatment includes NSAID’s, surgery, weight control, nutrition and manual therapies.As you can see, many of these diseases have a developmental aspect and many problems can be prevented or minimised by balanced nutrition, slow weight gain in puppies and an appropriate exercise program. To try and prevent joint problems theHungarian Vizsla Breed Club suggests careful exercise up to 12 months, with no free running until 5 months and 7.5 minutes exercise/month of age.3Hard working dogs without any of these health problems still pick up all manner of injuries in the eld. ese factors can all lead to a reduction in performance and a shortened working lifespan. Chiropractic is a manual therapy that can be used to treat both sports injuries and the mechanical compensatory problems that occur with the aforementioned chronic conditions. Chiropractors look for restriction in the range of motion in the joints of the body (primarily the spine). We label these restrictions vertebral subluxation complexes ”VSC’s”. A VSC results in a reduction in joint mobility and a reduction in the function of the adjacent spinal nerve. e restriction leads to the animal changing its posture or gait pattern which, in turn, put strain on the rest of the body leading to increased dysfunction. A VSC can result in pain, stiness, muscle tightness or organ dysfunction.4 is can result in a marked impairment in the performance of a working dog.Chiropractors treat VSCs by performing a quick and precise thrust along the plane of the aected joint Chiropractic for GundogsCanine Care24 Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015

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25Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015by Faye Morris B.Sc. (Hons) CHIRO MMCAI, MIVCAusing their hands. It is a specic and gentle treatment. Unlike some other non-specic manipulation methods it does not overstretch ligaments but stays within the normal anatomical limits. Chiropractic is a holistic therapy; we treat the animal Signs to watch out for in your gundog• Acute neck and back pain.• Reduced performance and/or stamina.• Inability, reluctance or altered technique jumping obstacles or getting in or out of vehicle.• Signs of pain on performing certain movements.• Change in gait; reduction in speed, loss of freedom and regularity, reduction in stride length or pacing (moving the legs on one side of the body at the same time as opposed to opposite diagonals.)• Unevenly worn claws.• Disliking being touched.• “Puppy sitting.”• Only lying on one side.5Above: The author making an adjustment on the right sacroiliac joint of Rosie, a nine year old red setter.Below: Motion palpation of the cervical spine.REFERENCES1. Sargan, D.R. I.D.I.D: Inherited Diseases in dogs. Web-based information for canine inherited diseases. Mamm Genome 2004 June; 15 (6) : 503-62. Tilley, L.P & Smith, “Blackwell’s ve-minute veterinary consult: canine and feline” 4th Edition, Blackwell Publishing.3. http://www.dogbreedhealth.com/hungarian-vizsla/4. Redwood, D & Cleveland, C,S “Fundamentals of Chiropractic”, 2003, Mosby.5. Chiropractic Care for Dogs, Cats and other Pets. International Veterinary Chiropractic Association information pamphlet.6. Chiro J of Aust. 2009 MAR Vol. 39(1) pp. 27–287. http://www.dreet.ca/Page/12315/0- 1/Canine+Case+Studies.aspx8. http://www.ivcjournal.com/case-reports/chiropractic-casereport/as a whole and will provide you with aercare advice to continue the healing process at home. Chiropractic is a complementary therapy; it is not intended to replace conventional veterinary medicine but to work alongside it. It also can work well in a multidisciplinary framework for the treatment of complex cases, for example with hydrotherapy or acupuncture.Most dogs respond very quickly to treatment. It usually takes between 1 to 4 treatments to settle an acute problem. Chronic problems usually require more treatments. Chronic conditions such as arthrosis, hip dysplasia or spondylitis (side eects of the aforementioned are pain and restricted joint mobility) can respond very well to regular supportive care every 2 to 6 months.Whilst Chiropractic research has come on a great deal in the last decade in the eld of human Chiropractic care, research in Veterinary Chiropracticis still in its infancy. ere is a growing body of case studies detailing successful outcomes in both Acute and Chronic cases.6, 7If you think Chiropractic could help your gundog then ensure you have your veterinary surgeon examine the animal rst. To locate a Chiropractor or veterinary surgeon trained in animal chiropractic techniques then contact the IVCA at www.ivca.de +49 700- 48220000.Faye Morris B.Sc. (Hons) CHIRO MMCAI, MIVCA, is a Chiropractor based in Co. Meath. She graduated from MCC in 2005 and completed her certication in Veterinary Chiropractic with the IVCA in 2010. She runs a mixed practice treating humans and animals but has a particular interest in treating dogs. Making an adjustment on the right shoulder.

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27Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015 ACCOMMODATIONYour accommodation is provided by the excellent 5 Star Anantara Hotel, Golden Triangle. You will have views out over the Triangle, and the three countries it comprises. The GTAEF elephant camp is closely associated with the hotel, which is built into the rain forest. The hotel provides the perfect tonic after a day in the heat working, and getting dirty, with the elephants. WHAT IS INCLUDED?• Pick up and drop o at Chiang Rai airport• Luxury accommodation to include bed and breakfast• River trip including all transfers and lunch• All elephant activities within the workshop content• Wonderful companyNOT INCLUDED• Flights• Lunch (other than on the boat trip) or evening meals• BeveragesBOOKING YOUR PLACEA deposit of £600.00 per person is required to secure a place on the workshop. All payments must be in £Sterling with deposits paid by 21st August, 2015, and the balance by 21st September, 2015. Please make cheques payable to Zoo Ost Ltd.BACS: Zoo Ost Ltd 20-20-15 60989584WORKSHOP FEES 2015Shared room: £1850.00Single room: £2350.00Non osteopaths/partners sharing: £1600.00Non osteopaths/partners single Room: £2100.00PROGRAMMEThe workshop runs for 5 days. Delegates are advised to arrive on the 11th October in order to settle in.Day 1Breakfast overlooking the Rain Forest. Welcome and introductions. Health and safety brieng. Programme content. Partners are oered alternative activities if they overdose on elephants. You will be oered the chance to visit Myannmar, learn how the top chefs cook, and many other activites which are organized to suit you. Meet some of the elephants. Observe movement. Palpate. Formulate treatment plans per individual case. Perform your rst supervised treatment. Re-group back at the hotel by the pool for a de brief and leisure time. Watch the sun go down whilst sharing a drink with your workshop colleagues. Dinner – various options available.Day 2Breakfast. Re assess elephant patients. More observations, palpation with specic aspects being focused on. Treatment of particular conditions discussed. Treatment performed under supervision. Re-assess work and ndings for the day. Re group back at the hotel for discussion, swim, and cocktails, then dinner to suit.Day 3Breakfast. Meet in reception for a day on the river. We will go by long tail boat to a Karen village to see how elephants are more traditionally used in tourism. The villagers have kept and worked with elephants for centuries and are now adapting to the ever changing face of the 21st century. There will be elephant riding as well as lunch and the opportunity to buy quality gifts to take home. On the return journey you will have the option to go by road and visit a genuine Buddhist temple. The nal part of the journey allows time for anyone wishing, the opportunity to do further shopping at the Golden Triangle itself. Afterwards everyone will be free to swim, drink and eat at their choosing.Day 4Breakfast. Mahout training. Lunch. Observe. Palpate. Treat cases. Discuss. Re group at hotel and discuss progress to date. Relax by the pool, cocktails, evening meal at a place of your choosing.Day 5Breakfast. Observe cases. Palpate. Treat. Lunch. View slow motion video footage of the elephant cases that we’ve worked with during this trip. Discussion on changes in gait and behavior, along with ideas for further post treatment care for the mahouts and GTAEF sta. Visit to the Museum to discover the origins of this fascinating region.For those who have already attended one of these workshops you will be encouraged to work with a particular individual and keep a log of your activity, including slow motion video to assess early treatment response.. There will be some other activities as well, which are in preparation at the moment

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29Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015Animal PhysiotherapyIs this the career for you?No need to be human physiotherapist rst!We now oer Equine and Canine Massage courses and Super CPDs to compliment and develop your work with animalse College is the longest established animal physiotherapy college in the UK and trains students from around the world.www.tcap.co.uk | call: 01844290545Visit our website and choose from the various courses and CPDs available to help you start a new career or add to your current knowledge of animals.FascialEdge®FascialEdge® Deep thorough massage for a strong supple Back Horses Love It!Horses Love It! www.fascialedge.co.uk Equine Massage System For Owners & Grooms There`s nothing like regular massage to keep your horse`s back at its best. With the FascialEdge® system, you can give your horse a deep thorough massage in less than ten minutes ... without straining your hands & ngers. Widely used by veterinarians, physios & chiropractors, now the FascialEdge® is available to horse owner and trainers. `I wouldn`t want to work on a horse with my hands alone now. The `Edge` works deeper and quicker, but sll gives great feedback from the ssues. A great tool for horse maintenance` Andrew Jennings MRCVS FascialEdge Tool Easy & comfortable for horse and user Titanium plated for low fricon A quality tool made to last a lifeme Instrucons Booklet Step-by-step photos & guidelines Memory Sck Video Guide Video demonstraon and graphic animaons of the Scanlines, easy-to -follow paerns of massage strokes £134.95 £134.95 free delivery Buy on-line or call our friendly sales team on 01834 860140 Equine FascialEdge Equine Spinal Manipulaon & So-Tissue technique Praccal training in the treatment of equine joint & myofascial problems A mul-disciplinary course, open to established equine therapists, teaching the skills used by equine physios, chiropractors and osteopaths throughout the UK. Seminars are very much hands-on, teaching praccal skills which can be used from day one. Examinaon and technique follow a logical approach, tracing the kinec chains of the horse to locate & treat problems, whether in the joints or myofascial ssues. The course is based on, and referenced to established human and equine science. For more informaon visit our website equine seminars page, or to simply call us direct. Course tutor: Andrew Glaister D.C. 5 weekend seminars October 2015 – Feb 2016 Applied Equine Biomechanics Locaon: Moreton Morrel College, Warwickshire www.fascialedge.com 01834 860200

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30Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015EQUINE STOMACH ULCERS (Equine Gastric Ulceration Syndrome) are now recognized as a common problem amongst all classes of horses whether they are racehorses in training, Sport horses, breeding stock or pleasure riding horses. Although the risk of gastric ulceration and the severity of the ulcers detected can vary depending on discipline and management, Vets now regularly diagnose ulcers in all types of horse. e horse’s stomach has two distinctly dierent regions with dierent linings. e upper part of the stomach is lined by a simple cream-coloured squamous mucosa that has limited barrier function and is very sensitive to the eects of gastric acid exposure. e lower, pink, glandular lining secretes highly acidic gastric juice and has a complex barrier function to maintain its integrity; this relies upon a good blood supply and a thick mucus coating rich in bicarbonate; an alkali, to buer the acidic gastric juice. Horses have evolved as “trickle feeders” spending many hours eating a bre-based diet, which produces a series of layers of bre in the upper squamous region moving down into the thick acidic juice in the body of the stomach before moving on into the small intestine; this is a continuous process. e regular chewing of a bre-based diet produces lots of bicarbonate-rich saliva that helps to buer the acidic gastric juice.e work of exercise is a signicant risk factor for gastric ulceration and this risk increases as horses work harder and faster. e production of acidic gastric juice is continuous but increases with exercise as well as feeding, as would be expected. Periods of starvation and a low bre – high concentrate diet are also well recognized risk factors for ulcer development. Other less denable stressors such as general management, stabling conditions, lack of access to turnout, changes in social grouping, concurrent disease including chronic pain associated with lameness and excessive use of non-steroidal anti-inammatory drugs all pose further risk.Horses in race training carry the greatest risk with some ulceration being detected in 92% of animals although the extent and severity will vary. However almost two thirds of Riding Club and pleasure horses have also been shown to develop ulcers.Symptoms of the chronic low grade gastric pain associated with ulcers are oen vague with reduced performance being common although oen dicult to assess objectively unless marked. Certainly failure to achieve optimal body condition, a poor haircoat and some degree of appetite suppression are frequent non-specic signs in performance Equine Stomach Ulcersby Dr Tim Brazil BVSc, PhD Cert EM (Internal Medicine) DECEIM MRCVSEquine Care

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31Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015Tim Brazil qualied as a Veterinary Surgeon from Liverpool University in 1988 and has spent all of his career working with large animals of dierent shapes and sizes. That time has been divided between University posts in equine medicine / respiratory medicine research and private equine practice. He was the rst holder of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons Certicate in Equine Internal Medicine and is a Diplomate of the European College of Equine Internal Medicine. He was awarded a PhD from Edinburgh University in 1999 for studies on inammatory cell biology and lung inammation in the horse. Although he has worked in private practice for the last 15 years he still regularly contributes to continuing education meetings and conferences for practicing equine vets both in the UK and internationally. He has published articles in textbooks and clinical and basic science journals. In 2005 he established an ambulatory equine internal medicine consultancy service (Equine Medicine on the Move) based in the Cotswolds, UK providing consultancy, diagnostic and second opinion services to the pharmaceutical industry, DEFRA as well equine practices throughout the UK and Europe. He is a consultant to The Brooke, a charity that provides free health care and education to working equids and their owners in some of the world’s poorest communities for whom he helped to establish a clinical audit programme worldwide. horses. Resistance to riding aids such as leg pressure, girthing, placing rugs and grooming along the chest and belly are all common signs as well a sometimes marked changes in temperament. ese signs are most commonly noted in Sports horses, particularly those used for Dressage. Some horse may become quite aggressive toward grooms or owners. Surprisingly overt colic is rare, even in animals with severe ulcers. Horses displaying such symptoms should have gastroscopy performed by a Veterinary Surgeon to assess which part(s) of the stomach are aected and the extent and severity of any ulcers. is is important to help correlate the clinical signs and gastroscopy ndings as well as guiding treatment, which may vary depending on what type of ulcers are found. During gastroscopy the stomach ulcers can be graded (Grade 0: normal, Grade 1: minor inammation and thickening due to wear and tear, Grades 2, 3 or 4 mild, moderate or severe depending on the number size, depth and extent of the ulcers). However it should be noted that all horses are individuals and vary hugely as to the severity of the clinical signs that they may show when suering from a particular grade of ulceration.Horses with signicant ulceration are most likely to be treated with acid suppressant therapy, typically oral omeprazole to encourage healing although other drugs may also be required. is will be the mainstay of the initial treatment of Equine Gastric Ulceration Syndrome.However aected horses may remain at risk of recurrence of stomach ulceration in future seasons and years and it is critical that all potential risk factors are addressed. Clearly management changes such as ad lib access to roughage, avoidance of periods of starvation, regular pasture turnout if possible, multiple small concentrate feed meals rather than fewer larger feeds as well as potential addressing any obvious socialisation issues are all critical.However we do not live in a perfect world and it may not be possible to optimise all management factors conducive to gastric health and most importantly horses need to remain in training and work for their chosen discipline whether that be Eventing, Endurance or Hacking. erefore feed supplements that promote gastric health and buer or neutralise acidic gastric juice are frequently employed.Dr Tim Brazil BVSc, PhD Cert EM (Internal Medicine) DECEIM MRCVS. European Specialist in Equine Internal Medicine. Equine Practitioner, Equine Medicine on the Move & Bourton Vale Equine Clinic, Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire, UK

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34Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015®Back on Track’s own unique Welltex fabric works by reflecting the body’s infrared heat due to the infused ceramic particles in the textile, helping to support circulation and ease muscle tension. Visit our website to download a brochure and for UK stockists or contact us for more information at uk@backontrack.com.Learn more at www.backontrack.com/UKCommitted to wellbeing®Mesh rug, Saddle Pad, Royal Quick Wraps and tendon boots, all with Welltex . Braces and clothing for people also available. Award winning Supple Musclesand Joints20150709_BOT_AnimalTherapy_190x13509 July 2015 19:24:46Rug can be used either on its own in the summer months or under another rug in colder weather. The rug can be used both prior to exercise and afterwards to help the muscles recuperate.Rachael said, “I use the Mesh Rug to alleviate any stiness and particularly if Ale has had a hard day. He will wear it overnight, under his stable rug if it is chilly. The rug ts well around his neck and shoulders and does not rub. I often use it when he goes on the horse walker too – it helps his circulation and is good if the weather is cold. The tail ap of the Mesh Rug is also great as it totally envelops his back end. Many rugs on the market that claim to have therapeutic benets seem to concentrate mainly on the horse’s back. The Mesh Rug really provides benet to Ale’s’ entire body. The rug is incredibly well made and I really believe that Ale likes wearing it. After a busy day out hunting, Ale walks out of his stable the next morning with no stiness or puy joints. I am convinced that both the Back on Track Mesh Rug and the Leg Wraps Royal are benecial to him”. The Mesh Rug also comes with hooks which enable a Back on Track neck cover to be attached to it. It is important to remember when ordering any of the Back on Track rugs that they are measured in European sizes which go from the withers to the top of the tail. The British Equestrian Trade Association (BETA) have a very useful rug size conversion chart which can be found on their website. The Back on Track range covers stable rugs, turnout rugs, saddle pads and a whole range of braces and wraps that also cater for humans and dogs. For more information visit:www.backontrack.com/uk/homewww.facebook.com/UKBackOnTrackPRODUCT PROFILE

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35Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015 Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals HANNAH ASHTON BSc (hons), Dip A Phys, MIAAT07971 431884 hannah@chhp.co.ukwww.chhp.co.ukAnimal Physiotherapy is used to rehabilitate and maintain health, mobility, function and performance in all animals whether they are your top competitor or your best friendArthritis, Back and Joint Pain - Muscular Pain – Tendonitis - Improve Well-being and Performance - RehabilitationFully Insured Veterinary PhysiotherapistCovering Gloucestershire and surroundingOver 7 years experience working with horses of all disciplines and working, competing and companion dogs Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre, Watling Street, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre ~ Watling Street ~ Nuneaton ~ Warwickshire ~ CV10 0TQ www.hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com ~ training@hawksmoorhydrotherapy.com Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000 and were the sole authors of the first ever qualification in small animal hydrotherapy. Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving field of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore offer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certificate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals Hawksmoor Hydrotherapy Training Centre was established by Sue Hawkins in 2000, and Sue was the sole author of the rst ever qualication in small animal hydrotherapy.Hawksmoor co-authored the re-developed Level 3 Certicate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals and the new Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. Hawksmoor are renowned for their individual mentoring service to each learner for as long as they require optimising their learning potential. We believe it is vital to provide continual support to our learners working in the hydrotherapy industry, as it is a continually evolving eld of animal therapy. Hawksmoor’s training team has a diverse range of skills consisting of Veterinary Surgeons, Veterinary Nurses, Physiotherapists and Canine Hydrotherapists. This enables learners to access a variety of skills and develop not only their own knowledge and understanding but also their own clinical reasoning skills. Every member of the Hawksmoor team are friendly and approachable allowing you to ask questions to gain the understanding you require to become a competent, professional Hydrotherapist. We therefore oer the highest standard of training for: • Level 3 Certicate in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals • Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals

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36Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015LIKE many young girls, I was obsessed with animals, specically horses and as soon as I was old enough, all my spare time was spent at a local riding school. ere was no denying that even at that young age I knew I wanted to work with animals. e interest in riding and caring for horses only grew and continued throughout my years at school, culminating in a BSc Equine Science and Management degree at university. Whilst at university I furthered my education by working in a veterinary practice as well as equestrian groom positions in competition yards, point to point yards and at racing yards to gain as much knowledge and experience as possible. Aer completing my degree, I thought it was time to do a bit of travelling, however with the horses still featuring heavily in my plans I moved to Switzerland and gained a position at the International dressage yard of Simonne and Hans Staub. Both were riders of the Swiss dressage team and gave me a fantastic opportunity to groom and ride alongside them, attending International competitions such as the Sunshine Tour, Spain, FEI, CDI3* Lipica and CDI3* Munich, Germany. I worked for them for three years and gained a huge amounts of experience from some of the best riders in the world. On my return to the UK, I continued to compete, but this time with my own dressage horse, who I still have. It was a dicult move back to England and to enable me to nd a house and continue competing I was forced to look outside of the equine industry and nd a better paid position! However, whilst working I never gave up hope I would secure a career in the equestrian industry. I decided to look into further education and see what my options were. I came across e College of Animal Physiotherapy (TCAP). Aer reading through the website, speaking to them and having an interview I became a student once again. With my understanding of equestrianism, Animal Physiotherapy just made sense. I know how to ride a horse well and understand biomechanics, so linking it all together enables me to truly understand what we need to do to enable horses to perform as we wish, however, I don’t profess to know everything and that is where TCAP stand out. ey are not just a learning institute, they are a support network (even when you are qualied), an incredible team of people with a huge amount of experience and knowledge and I have now become to think of them as true friends. I am now a fully qualied, licenced and insured animal physiotherapist as well as an accredited member of the International Association of Animal erapy (IAAT). I have started my own business which is constantly growing and my clients love the fact I have such a strong equestrian background so I can not only fully treat their animals, but also help them progress and prevent injury. I cover the Yorkshire area with my business E GREEN Animal Physiotherapy, treating horses and dogs with a range of problems. Every day is dierent and I love it. Like all therapists, I always work closely with vets and gain consent before any treatment. www.egreenanimalphysio.co.ukEmma GreenAnimal PhysiotherapistPROFESSIONAL PROFILE

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37Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015Email at:emma@egreenanimalphysio.co.ukVisit us online:www.egreenanimalphysio.co.ukCall on:0781 777 6313Company Registration Number: 9278522• Pre and postoperative physiotherapy• Oedema, inammation & adhesions• Infection• Tendon or ligament injury• Muscle injury, strain or soreness• Fractures• Pain relief• Wound healing• Proud esh prevention• Skin problems• Loss of performance• Muscle atrophy • Neurological conditions• Orthopaedic conditions • Laminitis• Navicular SyndromeTreatments include...• Manual techniques...• Massage - various types• Stretching• Trigger point techniques• Palpation• Lateral exion • Lumber and rib lifts• Skeletal manipulationElectrotherapy options...• Ultrasound• PEMF (Pulsed electromagnetic eld therapy)• Phototherapy• Magnetic therapy• Taping• CryotherapyWe can help with...Specialists in Equine &Canine PhysiotherapyEmail at:emma@egreenanimalphysio.co.ukVisit us online:www.egreenanimalphysio.co.ukCall on:0781 777 6313Company Registration Number: 9278522• Pre and postoperative physiotherapy• Oedema, inammation & adhesions• Infection• Tendon or ligament injury• Muscle injury, strain or soreness• Fractures• Pain relief• Wound healing• Proud esh prevention• Skin problems• Loss of performance• Muscle atrophy • Neurological conditions• Orthopaedic conditions • Laminitis• Navicular SyndromeTreatments include...• Manual techniques...• Massage - various types• Stretching• Trigger point techniques• Palpation• Lateral exion • Lumber and rib lifts• Skeletal manipulationElectrotherapy options...• Ultrasound• PEMF (Pulsed electromagnetic eld therapy)• Phototherapy• Magnetic therapy• Taping• CryotherapyWe can help with...Specialists in Equine &Canine PhysiotherapyEmail at:emma@egreenanimalphysio.co.ukVisit us online:www.egreenanimalphysio.co.ukCall on:0781 777 6313Company Registration Number: 9278522• Pre and postoperative physiotherapy• Oedema, inammation & adhesions• Infection• Tendon or ligament injury• Muscle injury, strain or soreness• Fractures• Pain relief• Wound healing• Proud esh prevention• Skin problems• Loss of performance• Muscle atrophy • Neurological conditions• Orthopaedic conditions • Laminitis• Navicular SyndromeTreatments include...• Manual techniques...• Massage - various types• Stretching• Trigger point techniques• Palpation• Lateral exion • Lumber and rib lifts• Skeletal manipulationElectrotherapy options...• Ultrasound• PEMF (Pulsed electromagnetic eld therapy)• Phototherapy• Magnetic therapy• Taping• CryotherapyWe can help with...Specialists in Equine &Canine Physiotherapy

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40Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015GENERAL BENEFITS OF USEDepending upon the application of the tape, the overall eect is designed to decrease pain and increase lymph and blood circulation. Equi-Tape® specially designed for the equine, can also be used to relax tight and tense muscles, assist weak muscles, support joints, tendons and ligaments, as well as decrease inammation and swelling. Furthermore, because of the tape’s elasticity, being non-restrictive allowing for full range of motion, it is a valuable tool and should be included in everyone’s training and health care regimen. While the uses of equine kinesiology tape are many, some of the more common uses include: • Athletic training, prevention and recovery – Horses that become fatigued from repetitive stress, overuse or overworked muscles. Myofascial conditions, muscle recovery after competition, and joint support before, during or after exercise are just a few.• Therapeutic and rehabilitation – Horses aected by suspensory and DDFT (digital deep exor tendon) injuries, ankle and hock joint issues, shoulder problems, pain and swelling from conditions such as lymphedema or trauma, and back and neck pain.• Other uses - Abdominal support for pregnant mares, trigger point and acupuncture point stimulus, heel bandaging, hoof growth stimulation and sensory tapings to name a few. THE IMPORTANCE OF A PROPER ASSESSMENTThe benets associated with equine kinesiology taping are many, but are best realized when a proper assessment of the horses condition has been completed. If taping is being considered relative to an injury or recovery from an injury, a proper assessment and diagnosis from a doctor of veterinary medicine is strongly recommended. If you are considering adding equine kinesiology taping to your horses’ daily regimen or athletic training regimen, it is best to rst consult with a Certied Equi-Taping® professional. Non-professionals, trainers and horse owners can also learn to tape their own horses, but it is often initially under the direction and guidance of a trained equine kinesiology taping professional. More information on Equi-Tape® and Equi-Taping® Certication Courses, visit www.equi-tape.com. Additional information can be found at: www.TheHorseinMotion.com PRODUCT PROFILE

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41Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015By Toby Elford, LEISURE RIDE GROUPWhen, in 2014 e Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) commissioned a detailed white paper on riding arena surfaces – it was clear that at last, people in the corridors of horsepower were coming to realize the importance of the surface to performance and overall health of the horse. Whilst it’s impossible to condense a 51-page study into a short article – it’s important that owners understand dierent surface types, how they aect the horse and how each surface material behaves over time. If you do, you will save money, time and most importantly you will understand the factors that could aect your horses’ wellbeing. So pay attention class! – arena surface 101 is about to begin:TYPES OF MATERIALSurface materials vary, but you have natural materials such as turf, sand and wood, and synthetic ones, such as textile bre, rubber, PVC and wax – many surfaces, especially those with fancy brand-names are the manufacturers own cocktail of materials and the recipe is a closely guarded not-so-secret – but the basic components are these:TURFIt’s what nature intended – but unless you have your own clerk-of-the-course, have unlimited acreage, and an army of grounds-people turf isn’t suitable for the average arena – ve circuits and you’ll have a pronounced track, and beyond that it deteriorates to mud – a swamp in rain and like concrete in summer. Anyone that’s done Pony Club camp in a eld knows exactly what I mean.WOODCHIPWoodchip is a surface material that unlike the others, doesn’t need to be mixed with anything else. Most other surfaces are a mix of sand and additives. Woodchip is relatively inexpensive, so for a long time was used on arenas and racing gallops and it’s enduring popularity is based on price, (or lack of!). Woodchip is exactly that: chipped wood, so is mostly natural cellulose. It has a slight springiness underfoot. Whilst it may save you a few quid, remember that wood is a natural material, and composts down – so your wet arena woodchip will go a bit slimy then eventually turn to soil. Because it’s a material rotting down, the behavior of the surface underfoot is also constantly shiing – a year on and it will ride nothing like the day you put it in. e only answer is to add more woodchip – and to change a woodchip arena over to a more modern surface is costly - a classic case of “buy-cheap-buy-twice”.SANDSand is by far the most popular arena surface type. So, I hear you ask: “What’s wrong with lovely natural sand for my arena?” - In riding terms there isn’t the wrong kind of snow – but there is the right kind of sand. Pointed Silica to be exact – and there are only a few quarries in the UK that have it. e only problem is that sand alone lacks the stability and consistency to be the sole ingredient – if you’ve ever seen a sand dune blowing about, or have sunk up to the ankle whilst paddling on the beach you’ll see what I mean – there’s a huge variance in how sand behaves when very wet or very dry. A sand-only surface tends to be dry, dusty, deep and can cause tripping. Builders sand oen has salts & chemicals in – so check with your supplier that it is silica suitable for equestrian use. So once you have your sand – the next question is what you add to it to create that lovely rm, cushioned ride.RUBBERGood old rubber…or bad old rubber – it really depends on who you talk to. Some hate it, others swear by it. Either way it’s advisable to simply understand it’s properties and pitfalls and make your own mind up. Equestrian rubber Riding Arena Surfaces41Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015

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42Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015is mostly recycled auto rubber – that’s chopped up synthetic car tyres to you and me – designed to perform on asphalt roads with the warmth that friction generates. It’s mostly advertised as 99.9% wire-free, so there’s always that 0.1% somewhere. To make it ready to be used in arenas they strip the wire out and shred it. Rubber is bouncy, frost resistant and drains well. However it’s o reported to have a tendency to break down over time and turn the arena black under the surface of the sand. It’s also costly to get rid of as it’s not very enviro-friendly (have you ever tried to take a tyre to the council tip?). Also consider the eect of walking on rubber – arguably too much rubber in an arena has masses of energy return– but the forces go in all directions, which raises questions about sureness of footing. It’s down to personal opinion, but ask yourself if the Olympics, or World Equestrian Games took place on a rubber surface?PVCPVC can be bought on its own as an additive for sand, or is oen sold ready-mixed as an o-the-peg surface. e PVC is either granular, or is the chopped up recycled sleeving from electrical cables. When mixed with the sand it produces a frost resistant riding surface. e ready-mixed surfaces may also contain wax to help the sand/pvc mix bind together. e pitfalls really all boil down to longevity and ride depth. ese surfaces tend to ride deep, and the harrows to tend them are the leveling type – moving material around the school to return it to at. For the waxed ones, the wax eventually deteriorates and the ride goes deeper and deeper – but can be reversed by re-waxing. Again however, top-level competition doesn’t take place on this surface type as the competitions demand a surface where the horses go “o-the-top”.TEXTILE FIBREese surfaces are the ones currently used for top level competition – at London 2012 the surface at Greenwich was a sand and bre surface. e bres can come from many dierent sources, and be of many dierent materials: wool, cotton, rayon, nylon, polyester etc etc. At the budget end of the market there is recycled chopped carpet and underlay – it’s called all sorts of brand names, but its quite simply recycled chopped used carpet. e main pitfall with this stu is about what actually is in it – the answer is: Whatever the recycling centre was processing that week before it was shipped to you. So it could have natural bres in that rot or synthetic ones that lack tensile strength – meaning your surface deteriorates over time. At the better end of the market there are bres that are 100% polyester – meaning they don’t rot and you get many years of consistent riding. e bres are ultimately there for a few simple reasons: To stabilize and rm up the sand. And to add structure and energy return. e very best sand and bre surfaces are springy, allowing the hoof and joint to perform the movement without jarring or twisting and where the hoof penetrates only the top half inch of surface – just like natural turf. ere is currently an ongoing study by the University of Central Lancashire that is impact-testing all the main bre surface brands – but whilst we await those results it’s telling that most top competition organisers and many leading professional riders all choose sand and bre surfaces to compete and train on.WAXArena wax is used in conjunction with a sand-based surface – it won’t stabilize sand itself – rather is used as a binder to help sand and additives stay together. It can also oer a degree of cold resistance, as it’s the water content in a surface that freezes, not the components themselves. e London 2012 surface was a waxed surface – and the wax is useful where the user wants to not have to irrigate – especially in indoor arenas, and where water is metered. Because the wax is a dust inhibitor – the surfaces are useful where dust sensitivity in the horse could be an issue. e main drawback is cost – a waxed surface costs considerably more, but the benets could make it worth spending the extra.In conclusion – there is plenty the FEI study can help owners, riders and those interested in equine health make an informed choice (you can read it for yourself at http://www.fei.org/system/les/Equine%20Surfaces%20White%20Paper.pdf) However in the meantime, whilst more research is being done – consider what surface materials oers the most consistency, longevity, quality and rmness of ride and cushioning for the joints - buy the best surface you can aord, and put it on a well-constructed free draining base - the long-term rewards will be felt by both the horse, and your pocket.Toby Elford is the UK Sales Manager at Leisure Ride Group, a leading provider of arena surfaces.42 Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015

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45Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015With increasing demand for holistic therapies by owners of animals in sport and companion pet owners, there is an incredible surge in popularity for modern Red Light Phototherapy using the latest high power LED technology. Animal sports competitors already treating their animals with Photizo Vetcare proactively for general muscle recovery report seeing improved mobility and exibility in their animals during training sessions and competition. Red and infrared light therapy has been scientically proven and works on numerous conditions such as wounds and musculoskeletal injuries. Red light is absorbed into the body and works by increasing energy in cells which have been damaged. Treatments will help to speed up the natural healing process after surgery or injury and also provide long term natural pain relief for conditions like arthritis or hip/elbow dysplasia. For those who are keen to take an active role in their pet’s rehabilitation can check if Photizo Vetcare is available for hire through their animal health professional, this is ideal if your animal needs only a 1-2 week course post-surgery or following injury. Photizo Vetcare will last for many years and so is an ideal investment if your animal competes, is in work or requires a long term or pain management treatment. For more information contact Danetre Health Products on 01327 310909info@danetrehealthproducts.com www.danetrehealthproducts.com01327 310909www.photizo.co.ukA non-invasive treatmenttool promotes faster natural healing and pain relief.Ideal for wounds andmusculoskeletal injuries• Wounds - inc. bites & stings• Infected wounds• Musculoskeletal Injuries - muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage & joints• Stiff joints• Elbow & Hip Dysplasia• Arthritis• Deep Tissue Bruising• General Bruising• Acral lick granulomas• Abscesses• Inflammation / Swelling• Haematomas• Skin Conditions• Stress Fractures• Mastitis• Acute & Chronic Pain“Fantastic product that I can’t get enough of! I use it in the majority of my Physio consults and enjoy discussing the benets with my clients”Kerrie Bainbridge, Hounds to Horses PhysiotherapyHEALING POWER OF MODERN LED RED LIGHT PHOTOTHERAPY

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47Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015is is the story of Rufus, a lovely 8 year old, male neutered, Hungarian Viszla Crossbreed, who was hit by a car on Wednesday 15th April 2015 and subsequently seen by our vets at Pennard Vets Tonbridge for immediate veterinary care. Aer initial stabilisation and treatment Rufus seemed to be doing OK, but then, a day later, suddenly took a turn for the worse and became tetraplegic (paralysed on all four legs) which led him to be referred to North Downs Specialist Referrals, where he was admitted for a full neurological examination, including MRI scans of his brain. ese scans showed that he was suering from severe brain damage, characterised by multiple uid accumulations, exactly like is seen in ‘Shaken Baby Syndrome’ in people. Ocially this is called ‘Post-Traumatic Brain Disorder’, which basically means his brain doesn’t function properly aer external damage and that it doesn’t control his limbs. Rufus was treated with medication to try and reduce the uid build-up in his brain, but this worked only partially. At this stage Rufus’s owner was advised that the specialists couldn’t do much more for him and that he should come home to see if he would get better on his own. However, as he had made slight improvement during his stay at NDSR, the owner was advised that with intense physiotherapy Rufus might improve further. ey also advised a re-assessment in two weeks’ time and said that if there was no real improvement by then, that euthanasia would have to be considered. e owner enquired to see if the dog could possibly be hospitalised for 2 weeks at Pennard Vets, Sevenoaks, for intensive physiothetapy. One of the Tonbridge nurses then rang vet Pete van Dongen, at Sevenoaks, who has a post-graduate qualication in canine rehabilitation, asking if anything could be done for him at all. Pete then rang the owner and conrmed that daily intensive rehabilitation (‘physiotherapy’) and hydrotherapy was possibly the only way in which any progress could be expected, if at all. Pete promised the owner he would try his best to get some improvement in Rufus’s situation and the owner brought him over for up to 14 days of intensive care hospitalisation, with twice daily physiotherapy exercises and daily hydrotherapy.e initial rehabilitation assessment, which includes a full orthopaedic and neurological examination, was done by Pete, exactly one week aer the accident. It showed that Rufus was only just able to li his head and wag his tail, but his legs were totally uncontrolled. Some reexes were present, but no conscious control at all. He could not sit or stand at all. He was continent though. On the basis of the ndings Pete designed a specic rehabilitation programme. Treatments included frequently changing the side Rufus was lying on, checking for pressure spots, massage of all muscles, passive range of motion exercises on the legs, the use of an electric tooth brush on his feet (for extra nerve stimulation), balancing Rufus on a peanut physio ball and much more. is rehab treatment would be performed by two of the Sevenoaks trainee nurses, who were specically instructed in what to do with Rufus, using a checklist. Becca Cranham and Hannah Maskell were chosen as the main nurses for this important task, as they are very enthusiastic and conscientious nurses. Other nurses also helped with Rufus’s care, especially Lauren Styles. ey would report back to Pete on a daily basis. Kayleigh Bennett, our qualied hydro-therapist, would be in charge of the daily hydrotherapy sessions, from the fourth day onwards. We also ordered a special full body harness for Rufus.Rufus was a delight to work with, mainly because of his easy going nature and calm attitude. He let the nurses do everything without any complaints, from feeding and watering him, to putting on his harness and towel slings to take him outside on a regular basis, as well as doing the twice daily physio exercises. He took it all in his stride and was always ready with a big wag for anyone giving him any attention. Rufus’s owner came in nearly every day as well, for further stimulation.e nurses kept an accurate record of any developments and progress, including taking photos and short videos daily. Soon we saw that Rufus started to make enormous progress! He was able to sit up and keep himself up on the second day already! He took to his exercise very well, especially the one where he would be placed on top of a ‘peanut physio ball’, which helps him to balance whilst taking the weight o his legs. He started to try and place his feet quickly and aer a day or two he managed to do this correctly. He was, by now, also able to get himself in a sternal position from lying down at and he was even able to support himself slightly when placed in a stand Rufusby Pete van Dongen, Drs(Utrecht), CertVR, MRCVS, CCRT. Pennard Vets, SevenoaksCASE STUDY

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48Animal Therapy Magazine | SUMMER 2015and supported by two people. He was clearly making fast progress.On the 5th day he had his rst hydrotherapy session and as soon as he was placed into the high level water he started to swim properly with his fore legs, whilst the rear legs were at least moving a bit too. We were so happy to see him making a good eort trying to swim, as this meant he was controlling all four of his legs. Aer the short swim (he was still getting tired quickly) he managed to stand up for his shower and drying. We were so happy! Later that evening he even managed to actually stand on his own 4 legs, un-aided. is was a rst for him. And only aer 5 days.e very next day, day 6, he managed again to stand un-aided, and now for a longer period too. He also made his rst actual step with his le hind leg, which was another breakthrough. Later that day he had his second hydrotherapy session, in which he started to swim even better than the previous day! He now really powered with his front legs and started to use his rear legs properly as well. Day by day Rufus was starting to become a normal dog again, regaining normal function, step by step.en, the next day, day 7, we seemed to have an initial little set back, as he was starting to get a bit nervous in the hydrotherapy treadmill, and swimming less well than before. But he was still able to stand for himself, for a little while.e next day, day 8, was again a slight disappointment with regard to the swimming. He seemed to have taken a dislike to it by now and we had to change tactics. We were now going to try walking him in lower water next time and see how that goes. However, on the same day he managed to actually walk for himself, only a few steps, and with some hesitation, but walking nevertheless! He had a lot of encouragement from our dedicated nurses, but he did the steps himself and it was a true victory. Both our nurses and the owner had tears in their eyes when Rufus did his rst steps aer more than a week of not being able to do anything like that at all!By day 9 we started to do more outside walking, being supported and making sure the foot placement was correct at all times. Hydrotherapy now consisted of treadmill walking with water up to his shoulder joint for about 90% buoyancy but a next to normal walking gait pattern. We also started to change the peanut work, by re-introducing a wobble cushion for landing his front legs on, to enhance the feedback from his feet to his brain. e idea of this was to improve proprioception and normal gaiting.On day 10 Rufus managed to actually walk out to the outside run, and back again, on his own. He was still doing very well during his physio sessions and was getting ever better during hydrotherapy again. He was making so much progress! Very rewarding, both for us and the owner, and, most importantly, for Rufus himself. e nurses rewarded Rufus with a carrot, his favourite treat. Over the next few days Rufus continued to make great progress on a daily basis. He was able to ‘give a paw’ on day 11, walk freely on the articial grass outside for more than 10 minutes on day 12, and on day 13 he managed to wee and poo outside, on his own, keeping himself up in a crouched position. CASE STUDY

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