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1Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018WINTER 2018M A G A Z I N EAnimalerapy
2Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy OFQUAL QualicationAnimal Jobs Direct is very excited to announce the launch of the Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy Qualication!The Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy is an Ofqual regulated qualication. It consists of 660 GLH and is suitable for anyone who has already completed the ABC Awards Level 3 Diploma in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals.The theory aspect is studied online on the most up to date interactive learning platform, with full tutor support and the practical training consists of 5 intensive training days.Distance learning gives working practitioners the opportunity to increase their level of training and education without the need for the time-consuming and costly travel and attendance at University. This qualication oers quality practical training, with maximum training groups of 5 students at a time. This allows us to provide you with 1:1 support.Individuals who have taken and passed this Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy wishing to make an application to either Canine Therapy, Animal Therapy or Integrated Masters in Veterinary Physiotherapy at Writtle University College will be able to use this certicate to demonstrate part of the pre-entry requirements for the necessary canine experience. Writtle University College would be pleased to consider applications from students with this background.Animal Jobs DirectImproving Animal Welfare Through Education since 2005Tel: 0208 626 9646www.animal-job.co.ukRated Excellent on Animal Jobs Direct Education Centre oers various Ofqual Approved Qualications and has been Approved and Accredited by 5 National Awarding Bodies.Our Animal Hydrotherapy courses are oered as online courses and this enables students to t their studies around their other commitments. Intensive practical training is included in this course.This Aim Awards Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy Qualication have been developed for any working, registered animal hydrotherapists who have completed the ABC Awards Level 3 Diploma course in Hydrotherapy for Small Animals. The Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy course is a regulated qualication recognised by Ofqual within the RQF (Regulated Qualications Framework). This is the only qualication of it's kind worldwide.The Level 4 Diploma in Small Animal Hydrotherapy qualication includes a total of 5 days Practical Placement at a multi award winning placement centre. This centre has top of the range equipment including underwater treadmills, large bespoke pools, hydrotherapy spa, Klaser and gait analysis treadmills from the USA and a team of highly qualied personnel.
3Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018GET IN TOUCH: Hannah Ashton – Editorhannah@animaltherapymedia.co.uk Georgia Keegan – Editorgeorgia@animaltherapymedia.co.uk Beth Lorraine - Sales Manager info@animaltherapymedia.co.uk Donna Boddie - Sales Manager donna@animaltherapymedia.co.ukLouise Robson: From Racehorse to Dressage Horse _____5Anna Webb: Why the Holistic approach is naturally integrative 10Top tips to manage your pet’s joint health ___________14Simple functional exercises to assist with increasing movement in dogs forelimbs ____16Seasonal Hazards to your pets ________20Kate Mallatrat: Let sleeping dogs lie __22Specialists conrmed for VET Festival 2018 __26Canine Arthritis Management _____28Tony Nevin: Botswana Field Trip 30Why you never see a fat wolf _________32Beagle Body Builders: A rare genetic syndrome ________36Canine Core Strengthening ____38Sherry Scott: Fighting mud fever with blue light ____40M A G A Z I N EAnimalerapyWelcome! Happy new year to you all. We hope you had a great festive period and managed some quality time with your four legged friends, despite the mud, snow, wind and rain (if you are reading this from England)!We launched our new website towards the end of last year and we are thrilled with it. You can nd all our articles there plus press releases, CPD information and so much more. Make sure you regularly check in as we are always adding to it.2018 is set to be an exciting year for us. We are always looking at ways to provide all our readers with valuable information and with this in mind, we will be launching our own CPD stream, working with our amazing contributors and many other specialists. Keep your eyes peeled for more information later in the year.We hope you enjoy this issue and as always, keep in touch.Don't forget to book in for the amazing Vet Festival. Use the code on the insert to get a welcome discount and don't panic, they will accept the code for the rst couple of weeks of February.Enjoy 2018!from all at Animal erapy MediaISSUE 11 - WINTER 2018Issued QuarterlyCONTENTSwww.animaltherapymedia.co.ukWhile every eort has been made to ensure that information is correct at the time of going to print, Animal Therapy Media Ltd cannot be held responsible for the outcome of any action or decision based on the information contained in this publication/website. The publishers or authors do not give any warranty for the completeness or accuracy for this publication’s content, explanation or opinion. No part of this publication and/or website may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form without prior written permission of Animal Therapy Media Ltd and/or the authors of the articles within. Permission is only deemed valid if approval is in writing.Front cover photo: Zuma by Charlie Campbell
4Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018no germs, no symptoms, no problems www.leucillin.co.uk Happy Healthy Horse From The Outside InLissa GreenProfessional Eventer“Leucillin is a MUST HAVE product on your yard and in yourhouse. I use it on every cut, sore, abrasion, infection,ANYTHING, be it on myself, the horse, the dog.... Itsunbelievably efficient - it is my life line - I LOVE IT!!” Leucillin has an extensive range of uses and applications including;stubborn infections, prevention and care, first aid, allergymanagement and ear and eye care. Leucillin is results driven, fast,safe, effective and incredibly versatile. Using Leucillin to flush a wound, clean an infection or as preventativeagainst germs, not only dramatically reduces pathogens, but alsohas the effect of calming the associated inflammation. Leucillin isyour yards ultimate germ defence.Lissa Green & Malin Head CloverBadminton Horse Trials 2017Leucillin is a Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) basedsolution, it is skin pH neutral at 5.5 - 6.0 pH makingit completely skin safe, it achieves a 99.99999%reduction of microbes, whilst still remaining non-toxic and a non-irritant.Leucillin is one on the highest performingformulations of stable Hypochlorous, it is skin pHneutral at 5.5 - 6.0 pH. Hypochlorous efficacy isdriven by pH and should be a week acid to achievemaximum effect. pH7 whilst being neutral is not skinneutral therefore not as effective. the scienceone versatile product for all skincare needsFP_Jan18_leucillin:Layout 1 17/01/2018 14:16 Page 1
5Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018no germs, no symptoms, no problems www.leucillin.co.uk Happy Healthy Horse From The Outside InLissa GreenProfessional Eventer“Leucillin is a MUST HAVE product on your yard and in yourhouse. I use it on every cut, sore, abrasion, infection,ANYTHING, be it on myself, the horse, the dog.... Itsunbelievably efficient - it is my life line - I LOVE IT!!” Leucillin has an extensive range of uses and applications including;stubborn infections, prevention and care, first aid, allergymanagement and ear and eye care. Leucillin is results driven, fast,safe, effective and incredibly versatile. Using Leucillin to flush a wound, clean an infection or as preventativeagainst germs, not only dramatically reduces pathogens, but alsohas the effect of calming the associated inflammation. Leucillin isyour yards ultimate germ defence.Lissa Green & Malin Head CloverBadminton Horse Trials 2017Leucillin is a Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) basedsolution, it is skin pH neutral at 5.5 - 6.0 pH makingit completely skin safe, it achieves a 99.99999%reduction of microbes, whilst still remaining non-toxic and a non-irritant.Leucillin is one on the highest performingformulations of stable Hypochlorous, it is skin pHneutral at 5.5 - 6.0 pH. Hypochlorous efficacy isdriven by pH and should be a week acid to achievemaximum effect. pH7 whilst being neutral is not skinneutral therefore not as effective. the scienceone versatile product for all skincare needsFP_Jan18_leucillin:Layout 1 17/01/2018 14:16 Page 1THE phrase ‘soer over the back’ is a common phrase that many of us with ex racehorses experience/witness. Achieving this in the dressage arena is somewhat dicult as tension of being in the competition arena and asking our ex racehorses to perform in a dierent manner from their earlier years of training suggests is dicult. It even more of a challenge when we start competing medium and above with our ex racers as it is then that they have to start working against their conformation and take the weight onto the hindleg.In this article, I want to start looking at some of the harder movements for our ex racehorses in dressage; the extended canter and the collected canter and the concept of ‘sitting’ working towards and performing canter pirouettes. It is without question that Frankel is one of the most successful at racehorses of all time. His turn of speed and stamina is something that is truly phenomenal and spectacular to watch. If we take Frankel as the ‘ideal’ mould for a racehorse and have a look at how he moves throughout the galloping stride to see what it is that we are working with/dealing with. I have highlighted the area just behind the back of the saddle, as I feel, that us as re trainers struggle to soen this area and begin to get our ex racehorses to lower their croup. One of the most amazing thing about the ex racehorses and their canters, if the reach of the hindleg under their body. ey have these wonderful ground covering canters, which eat up the ground beneath you. is is fantastic for an eventer, or a polo pony, but as a dressage horse we need to be able to have gears within the pace and be able to adjust the frame and quickness and closeness of the hindleg. We have to be able to teach our ex racehorses how to step, reach under and push up from the shoulder and wither, rather than the croup.Let’s start with the extended canter, as this movement is potentially one of the easiest for the advanced dressage ex racer as they get so show that wonderful open stride which they are bred to do. Racehorse ‘extension’:You can see through the three images the elongation of the galloping stride, and how the area behind the back of the saddle elongates, and almost comes under strain, due to the speed and stride length. e hindleg comes through and under the body, but the croup goes up and the wither sinks. When the stride is its longest, the hindleg is out behind the horse, the foreleg is out in front, and the wither, neck and poll are low and reaching forward. Advanced Ex Racehorse Extension:So how can we achieve this frame, with sit and push? As a young re trainer I train the extension on a circle with a little leg yield movement in and out as I go forward and back to encourage soness and thoroughness between the gears in the pace. e circle also helps keep the neck and jaw so to encourage true throughness. As we progress to the higher levels of dressage I ride shoulder in down the long side and varying the pace of the canter in the shoulder in position. is begins to teach your racehorse to go forward and back with the hindleg underneath and pushing, with the wither and shoulder up. If/when they become sti, or fragile in the neck and hand, I put in a 10/15 metre circle, with a leg yielding feel on the circle. It is inevitable that your ex racehorse will try and draw their neck back From RaceHorse to Dressage HorseLouise Robson, a sought after specialist in the eld tells us more about what is involved in the retraining of a racehorse and the success she has enjoyed.THOROUGHBRED DRESSAGEcontinued overleaf
6Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018THOROUGHBRED DRESSAGEQuadrille as a seven year old (above). He has strengthened behind a lot more, but you can see the width of the hindlegs is still quite wide. e frame of the canter is also still quite open as he is not strong enough to collect and keep the quality of the canter. To help keep the quality of the canter, but encourage the closing of the hindleg I ride a lot of varying size of circles going from travers, to straight to shoulder fore, to straight, back to travers. I also add in leg yield if the canter becomes stuck and a little fragile. Once I feel that this exercise is secure and condent, I begin to take it not a 10 metre circle, slowly decreasing the size, by turning the outside shoulder around the inside hind. e moment it becomes dicult, I leg yield, or ride out of it in shoulder in. is exercise helps encourage the stepping through of the hindleg even when the balance is compromised. It also takes away ‘default’ of falling onto the shoulders by riding out in shoulder fore. QUADRILLEDanehill Dancer x FictitiousTrained by Richard HannonOwned and bred by HM The QueenRaced 7 times, three wins. Most notably he was secondly a nose the Royal Ascot s a three year old. Retired from racing due to Tendon strain. into their shoulders, or pull forward through the bridle, heading downhill. e leg yield on the circle either helps achieve more length to the neck, or stops the disconnection and pull downwards. e circle and leg yield, also takes them back to a place which they understand, feel secure and have known from there previous training. In this photo (above) you can see how the lower lumbar is so, the croup is lower than that of the wither and the poll is the highest point with the foreleg reaching and the hindleg stepping under, a very good extended canter. Riding ‘on and back’ within the canter in a shoulder fore position will help encourage the li of the shoulder and wither, which will help us move on to the next dicult movement; the canter pirouette. As previously mentioned, the racehorse has a wonderful ground covering stride; however, to be able to canter pirouette we need to be able to adjust the canter and make the frame smaller, but the hindleg quicker, whilst still coming underneath the body to help support the horse. is is rather dicult with a horse who's natural default is to lengthen out and fall down at the wither. Most racehorses, due to their breeding, are croup high, this is something we cannot change, or prevent, it is more a question of; ‘how do we encourage the croup to lower, soen and take the weight behind’ e shoulder fore, in essence, takes the shoulders out of the way and to the side, to help create a space for the hindleg to step into, which just happens to be, underneath your horses body. For the canter pirouette we need to be able to turn the shoulders, but the shoulders have to li up, to be able to be turned, which is very dicult on a horse who naturally saying they want the shoulder down. Normally, with most ex racehorses, when you begin to ask for collection and sit, due to the lower lumbar being weak, the hindlegs go wider to act as stabilisers. With the wider hindleg, the lower lumbar holds and braces and in turn the neck can become sti and set. We can see this in the rst canter pirouette of Quadrille when he was six years old (below). e hindlegs are very wide and far apart to help balance/stabilise himself. At this stage of his training, the canter would also be more working and less collected. e stride of the canter will be larger, which is why the reach of the inside hind is so great. e reason for approaching the canter pirouette in the beginning stages with a more woking canter is to keep the quality and rhythm of the canter, but also, so that we don't compromise the neck becoming shorter and drawing back.
7Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Quadrille as a nine year old (above). In this photo we can see, instantly, the compression of the frame, and how with the compression the hindleg has come under the body and the the croup is lowered, the with and shoulder are up, with a so neck, waiting for the aid to turn. Notice the closeness of the hindlegs and how the hock appears to be ‘so’ in comparison to the previous photos, where the hock area looked a bit in bracing and static motion. To achieve this compression and soness of the back, I have taught Quad to go from a canter half pass into a pirouette. is exercise is brilliant as it gets the bend and exion of the rib cage from the lateral work and has the inside hind already in a supporting role and under the body. At this stage Quad is only doing half pirouettes, to help keep the condence, quality of canter and bend. Quadrille as a ten year old (le), doing his rst Inter I. In the Inter I the test requires full pirouettes, one aer the other. In this photo we can see where a slight tension has crept in and as Quadrille is travelling round the pirouette and the hindleg has become slightly wide. However, if we compare this to Quadrille wide hindlegs’ as a six year old, it is a lot less. e poll is the highest point and there is a exion in the direction he is travelling without the wither or shoulder falling down. is movement for any horse is exceptionally dicult, let alone for a croup high, downhill thoroughbred! www.longviewcpd.comBoutiqueVeterinaryCPDfor2018• ECASCertificatein‘WesternVeterinaryAcupunctureandChronicPainManagement’• ECASCertificatein‘AnimalBehaviour’• ECASCertificate‘TheCompleteEquinePainPractitioner’• Furthercoursestobeannouncedearly2018.SmallNumbers,GreatVenuesandInspirationalTeachingAccreditedby:
8Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Your Partner for Every Stage of CareCompanion , your trusted source for laser therapy, now offers you more than just great therapy lasers. For every stage of care, Companion has the right therapeutic solution to produce superior outcomes. The newly expanded portfolio includes diagnostic, pain management, rehabilitation, and regenerative medicine products. Your partner on the road to recovery – see the difference the right Companion makes.1. a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time2. one of a pair of things intended to complement or match each other3. your animal health partnercom•pan•ionWELLNESSYour PARTNER on the Journey to®UK Office | Georginam@LiteCure.com | +44 (0) 1646 603878 | CompanionAnimalHealth.com 2239_CAH_Material Resize- A4_Ad.indd 1 9/27/17 2:37 PM
9Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Your Partner for Every Stage of CareCompanion , your trusted source for laser therapy, now offers you more than just great therapy lasers. For every stage of care, Companion has the right therapeutic solution to produce superior outcomes. The newly expanded portfolio includes diagnostic, pain management, rehabilitation, and regenerative medicine products. Your partner on the road to recovery – see the difference the right Companion makes.1. a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time2. one of a pair of things intended to complement or match each other3. your animal health partnercom•pan•ionWELLNESSYour PARTNER on the Journey to®UK Office | Georginam@LiteCure.com | +44 (0) 1646 603878 | CompanionAnimalHealth.com 2239_CAH_Material Resize- A4_Ad.indd 1 9/27/17 2:37 PMSupport good circulationMaintain mobilityEase muscle tension, aid warm-up and warm-downto help prevent injuryrecoverperformprepareLearn more at www.backontrack.comTo find your nearest stockist, call now on 07766 463099 or email georgia.keegan@backontrack.com.®Back on Track’s own unique Welltex fabric works by reflecting the body’s infrared heat due to the infused ceramic particles in the textile, helping to support circulation and ease muscle tension. As used by Lauren Langman, Devon Dogs agility team. Whippet Rug - not just for whippets!ATM-Nov17_190x134_BOT04 October 2017 17:46:50e use of Back on Track after Surgery & Veterinary physiotherapy treatment in Caninesby Danielle Barnes Pgd Vet physioAs a physiotherapist myself, I have a keen interest in the rehabilitation stage after surgery on our beloved pets.Like any owner, putting a pet who is part of the family, through the risks involved in surgery, can be a daunting task. No one wants to see their pet in pain, nor conned to a crate as part of their rehabilitation process. Some may argue that as a physio this becomes easier, as you have somewhat more understanding of the surgery process and what to expect as a result. However, I can say categorically, that when it is your own fur baby facing the scalpel blade, all reason and previous experience goes out of the window quite quickly.Recently I faced the daunting task of deciding whether to go with the surgical approach or more of a conservative approach when my own dog Minnie Mouse fell down the stairs and ruptured her cruciate ligament. After much reasoning with myself and with the support of my vet. I decided to go down the route of Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy (TPLO). This surgery requires a fair amount of post-operative rehabilitation, and physiotherapy which I carried out myself under referral from my orthopaedic surgeon.Minnie’s surgery as well as physio all went to plan, and the results were positive. However, in my role as a physiotherapist, I am always reading and try to keep up to date with products on the market, and was interested for a long time in the use of the Back on Track range of far infrared garments for horses, dogs and humans. I wondered how the ceramic technology in the design of Back on Track’s Welltex fabric would benet my beloved pet.I read up on Back on Track and learned about the wellbeing and circulatory benets of far infrared technology. I also heard some wonderful feedback from people in the equine industry and then decided to give their products a go and purchased a Back on Track dog coat and mattress.I decided to use Minnie’s Back on Track coat and mattress as part of her long-term rehabilitation plan and incorporated it in to the plan in the following ways: After any physio treatment, whilst Minnie’s muscles were warm, she would wear her coat indoors. When exercising Minnie outdoors in cold weather she would also wear her coat.Minnie had Pulsed electronic magnetic eld therapy (PEMF) as part of her rehab after surgery, and each day she received this treatment through a PEMF mat underneath her Back on Track mattress. After her treatment ended Minnie could continue to sleep on it every night in her dog bed.Since using the Back on Track products, Minnie gets up in the mornings less sti and more mobile, she is keen to exercise, and play with my other dogs, and has a happier demeanour. I have denitely seen the benets of Back on Track and will recommend their products to my clients.
10Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 201810Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017MY journey to the ‘alternative’ paradigm, and embracing modalities like Homeopathy and Acupuncture began in 2010 when Molly, my beloved Miniature Bull Terrier, was diagnosed by our conventional vet with an un-diagnosable condition. I accepted their recommendation for a referral to Richard Allport MRCVS, Vet MFHom at the Natural Medicine Centre in Potters Bar.I had no idea how Homeopathy worked at this point. I’d used Arnica Why the Holistic approach is naturally integrativeby Anna WebbBroadcaster, Author, Trainer has studied natural nutrition and therapies with the College of Integrated Veterinary erapies (CIVT)ANNA WEBBa few times, and had been impressed that a bruise had disappeared almost immediately. I was eager to learn more! I remained unconvinced that a bottle of a non steroidal anti-inammatory prescribed for Molly was all that would be needed to battle this ‘un-diagnosable’ condition. My rst reaction to my rst consult with Richard was being awe-struck at the type of questions I was asked and the detailing every aspect of my dog lasted two hours! Molly had several ultra-sounds and blood tests as diagnostic tools, which were useful to obtain a full picture of Molly’s health. Looking at the ‘whole’ picture of Molly’s health to determine the cause of her symptoms was really refreshing. She was prescribed a variety of Homeopathic remedies, regular Acupuncture and immune boosting supplements, including organic raw unpasteurised colostrum.Oering an integrative approach that combines Homeopathy as a distinct medical system in its own right with Acupuncture also part of another distinct medical system called Traditional Chinese Medicine or TCM. Homeopathy stimulates the innate healing mechanism to heal and prevent disease. Similarly the aim of Acupuncture (as part of Traditional Chinese Medicine –TCM) considers disease as a progression of an imbalance. Each embraces the ow and transfer of electromagnetic energy. Acupuncture helps stimulate energy ow, the life force – Qi - through the body, which helps reduce pain and inammation. Homeopathy focuses on interacting with the ‘Vital Force’ to cure disease. Both these concepts are controversial from a conventional viewpoint, but Qi can be explained conventionally as ATP – the energy produced by the mitochrondria in every cell.Both rely on a detailed observation of the history of the animal’s symptoms, interpreting behaviour, mood changes, palpating the body, looking at the diet, exercise routine etc to get a full picture before dening the most appropriate
11Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018continued overleaf11Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017concept of treating like with like dates back to Hippocrates approx. 400 BC. By ‘prescribing’ the correct remedy – a matching similium, at the correct potency and dosage, a Homeopathic remedy interacts with the patients’ ‘vital force’, which in turn animates and regulates the physical cellular form to promote natural healing. Despite a growing body of evidence supporting the clinical ecacy of homeopathy it has historically been rejected by the scientic community on two levels: Scientic skepticism in the vital force and the process to make remedies called ‘potentisation’ - the serial dilution and succession (vigorous and methodical shaking) of a dissolved substance. Potentisation releases the dynamic subtle energies of a substance, which interact with the patient’s vital force to balance any mistunement. However recent developments in quantum physics however have led some scientists to theorise that electromagnetic energy is stored in the remedy, which interacts with the body’s electromagnetic eld. Whilst no ‘scientic’ evidence supports Homeopathy, practitioners see results that cannot be passed o as a ‘Placebo’. In studying a Psychology degree, the ‘Placebo” eect fascinated me. e reason animals are used to test drugs is because they’re scientically deemed to not be able to respond to a ‘placebo’, unlike people. Homeopathy for me oers a broader spectrum to help conditions that are cannot be treated eectively conventionally. Kennel Cough for example responds to homeopathic nosode use. Kennel Cough is a virus remedy or combination of remedies / acupuncture points that will correct an imbalance in the body. Homeopathy works on the principle: ‘like cures like’ and in this way contrasts with the principles of Acupuncture, which as part of TCM, focuses on balancing ‘energetic’ opposites – Ying and Yang, creating a desired energetic state of ‘Jing’ and life force through the entire body and mind. Oering a complementary solution both Homeopathy and Acupuncture do not cause any side eects. Both oer an alternative when a condition remains undiagnosed. Also when surgery or invasive diagnostics are prohibitive due to the age and health of the patient. Homeopathy rst became a formalised medical system through the work of a German Physician, Samuel Hahnemann in the late 1700s, but the
12Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018and just as with treating people with u and colds, antibiotics have limitations.Under the direction of Holistic Vet, Richard Allport, I’ve treated Kennel Cough several times just using homeopathic remedies: Belladonna, Droseria, Bryonia along with a herbal cough medicine.Equally Homeopathy works for minor injuries such as insect bites where Apis Mel is an anti-dote for bee stings. Remedies including Arnica are eective pre and post surgery to minimize bruising and promote recovery. Using homeopathic remedies including uja pre and post vaccination minimises and balances any side eects. Also for chronic cases ie cancer or un-diagnosable conditions and autoimmune disorders, Homeopathy and Acupuncture provide options either in lieu or in addition to conventional medication. I like the prospect of an integrated approach where Homeopathy and Acupuncture can be used alongside either in addition to or in lieu of conventional medicines. Especially in chronic cases where the worry is that overtime the use of steroids and anti-inammatories can impact negatively and can promote further disease. Whilst its use in animals in the west is relatively recent, in China its been used for over 3,000 years. Acupuncture is the ancient TCM system of using very ne metal combination needles that pierce the skin at specic points in order to stimulate the ow of Qi around the body’s meridians. ese points represent the intersection of myofascia that surrounds muscles, nerves, blood vessels and organs throughout the body. Acupuncture was a perfect solution for Molly. For her the risk of anesthetic and surgery was high and the long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inammatories wasn’t an option. Since 2014 I’ve been harnessing the potential of Photizo’s red light therapy in-between Acupuncture sessions to speed up the natural healing. e handy device works deep at a cellular level to reduce inammation and pain. With Prudence my Miniature Bull Terrier she suers from a luxating patella. Her kneecap was slipping so much Prudence was pretty much on three legs just as Crus 2017 was approaching. I was even contemplating not showing her. Within three months of regular Acupuncture, Photizo and Homeopathy including Arnica, Ruta and Hypericum, she surprised us all and came second in her class! I’ve also seen how Homeopathy works on an emotional level. For example with Prudence (now two) was almost o the graph with her energy levels as a puppy. With advice from Barbara Jones our Holistic Vet in Shropshire, I used a combination of Phosphorous and Borax to balance her energy spikes and her hyper reactions caused by ‘noise sensitivity’.Mr Binks my re-homed English Toy Terrier is also no stranger to the positive eects of Homeopathy, Acupuncture and Photizo. He suers from a chronic de-generative condition: Legg Calves Perthes Disease. Before I re-homed him he had his le hip joint removed at nine months, and used to carry his leg a lot. Needless to say I’ve integrated Homeopathy, regular Acupuncture, Photizo and massage sessions to oer pain relief, help build his muscle up and strengthen the use of his leg by about 20 per cent.When Mr Binks rst arrived three years ago, he was very nervous and lacked condence. I used Homeopathic remedies including Calc Phos and Gelsenium to boost his condence, and strengthen his nerves. Last year a blood prole revealed his liver function was slightly below normal. Taking advice from our Holistic Vet Barbara Jones MRCVS, Vet MFHom I used a Homeopathic a remedy called Solidago for three months. Interestingly the next blood prole revealed all his levels to be within the normal range. I’m committed to his on-going care by adding an Ayurvedic remedy called Symphytum to help prevent early onset of arthritic symptoms.We’ve moved house a three times in three years, which has taken its toll! Somehow even Gremlin, my cat, handled each big change rather stoically bearing in mind he is a cat. Whether it was a coincidence we were all taking Ignatia (the remedy known to keep emotions steady through change) every move went as smoothly as it could.Integrating dierent modalities that all have one thing in common: the power of energetic healing comes naturally on the alternative paradigm. Homeopathy, Acupuncture and Photizo red light therapy each oer distinct, yet complementary ways to reduce medication, and promote healing naturally. Not to mention a choice for informed and integrative healthcare that naturally embraces a multi-disciplinary approach. ANNA WEBB12Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
13Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Faster, natural healing and pain reliefA non-invasive treatment tool for numerous acute & chronic conditionsIdeal for pet owners to use at home for• Wounds• Musculoskeletal injuries• Swelling/inammation• Arthritis or joint dysplasia pain• Bruising plus many moreExclusive discounts for animal practitionersInterested in becoming a Photizo Reseller? Call us nowon 01327 310909 Order now online at:www.danetrehealthproducts.com• Highly effective• Simple to use • RechargeableDanetre Health Products LimitedBroad March, Long March Industrial Estate, Daventry, Northamptonshire NN11 4HE 01327 310909 info@danetrehealthproducts.com PhotizoUk PhotizoUk
14Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018MAINTAINING optimum joint health for your pet is essential to ensure they lead a good quality of life. Poor joint mobility can make it hard for your pet to perform simple every day tasks such as, getting a comfortable nights sleep or being able to go on walks. There are a number of reasons why your pet might be suering from poor joint health, including old age, being overweight, or if they have suered an injury. Joint problems tend to occur more often as pets age, with some dogs, particularly larger breeds being more prone to developing joint problems than others. During the colder months, joint discomfort can appear more pronounced, as cold weather can aggravate joint conditions. It is especially important to support and protect your senior pets during winter, or if they have suered any broken bones, as these might be more sensitive to the cold and wet conditions. As a pet owner you will understand the normal behaviour patterns exhibited by your cat or dog and looking out for signs of where they are struggling will help with their health. There are common signs of joint problems to look out for, which include:• Your pet may rest more following exercise and show signs of stiness and lameness. • Your pet may have an inability to perform certain tasks, such as jumping into the car or onto furniture.• Your pet’s joints may become swollen or warm.• They may bite at irritating and painful joints.• Your pet may become irritable or aggressive due to painful joints, especially when handled. • Heat can soothe sore joints, so your pet may seek out warm spots around the house. JOINT CARETop tips to manage your pet’s joint healthThe mobility of your pet can have a dramatic impact on their everyday life, but there are some positive things you can do to help maintain optimum joint health, including:Manage their weight – excess weight can put pressure on joints. If they are overweight, aim to reduce your pet’s calorie intake to minimise the load on the joints. Your vet will be able to advise on a healthy weight for your pet. Exercise – it is important that your pet gets regular exercise to avoid stiness and muscle wastage. It’s key to maximise the range of movement and tness of the muscles around the joint. Try to avoid long or infrequent walks for your dog and make sure you take them for several, short walks throughout the day. Think little and often to keep the joints mobile. Diet – feed your pet a good quality diet. To do this you may need to reassess their food and consult a veterinary professional who can recommend the best diet for their needs. You should also raise water and food bowls if your pet nds it dicult to bend down to eat.Comfort – provide plenty of cosy and warm bedding to help keep your pet warm. Make sure their bed is in a warm place to avoid cold and damp conditions, which can aggravate joint pain. Lift their bed up from cold oors and add extra bedding to provide padding for sore joints. Pain relief – your vet may prescribe medication to reduce the inammation and provide pain relief. A natural alternative is Boswellia extract, which acts as a natural anti-inammatory, helping to reduce the dose of other medications and preventing potential side eects.Visit your vet – regular vet visits will ensure your pet’s condition can be monitored frequently and that you receive the best up-to-date advice. Alternative therapies – to increase circulation and mobility you could consider using other therapies such as physiotherapy and hydrotherapy. Consider using a nutravet joint product such as nutraquin+, which is fast acting and contains the highest quality and purest natural ingredients including Boswellia extract, Chondroitin Sulphate and Glucosamine HCL. Boswellia plays an important role in maintaining smooth and comfortable joint movement. nutraquin+ can help to maintain optimum joint function in dogs, cats and horses, whilst supporting the natural systems that control inammation.If you are concerned about your pet’s joint health you should consult your vet. They are best placed to oer advice to ensure the health and wellbeing of your pet.
15Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Fast acting natural joint supportSee the benefit in 7 daysSupport British manufacturingnutraquin+ has revolutionised the joint support market since its launch in 2008. With its unique fast acting formula combined with the guaranteed levels of pure natural ingredients and fantastic feedback, it’s easy to see why nutraquin+ is recommended by Vets throughout the UK.✓ Fast acting (see results within 4-7 days)✓ Improves mobility & flexibility✓ Aids & soothes stiff joints✓ Supports joint structure✓ Improves your pet’s quality of life by maintaining optimum joint health✓ Supports the natural systems that control inflammation✓ Save 16% off each box by collecting nutravet tokens✓ Available exclusively from veterinary practicesI have been using nutraquin+ for 4 weeks now and the difference to the quality of life for my French Bulldog is amazing. I work in a veterinary clinic and am happy to recommend this product.Jayne Kirkham“I cannot believe the difference nutraquin+ has made to my ancient Labrador. nutraquin+ is invaluable, if I stop it she has trouble walking upstairs and is sluggish on walks. It has made a HUGE difference thanks!”Jacqui MurrayI have been giving nutraquin+ to our 11 yr old Labrador for some time now and have seen a great improvement. Since being on nutraquin+ she bounds around like a much younger dog. Thank youMrs Elm and Poppywww.nutravet.co.ukFind your local stockist atAvailable for dogs, cats & horses
16Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Canine CareIntroduction Canine research supports using steps and ramps within therapeutic rehabilitation aer orthopaedic or neurological injury and surgery. However, there are gaps in the research to support their eects and application. Ascending steps or ramps increases shoulder, elbow, carpus, hip, stie and tarsus joint range of movement and strengthens the muscles used to propel the animal forwards and upwards[1,3]. Physics tells us that what goes up must come down, so understanding the biomechanical impact of descending steps or a ramp as part of a canine rehabilitation regime is vital to ensure the exercise prescription is accurate and eective whilst ensuring evidence based practice. As well as increasing joint range of movement, step and ramp exercises also challenge balance and proprioception[4] making them useful for treating dierent conditions at varying stages of rehabilitation. Step exercises are also functional as many dogs encounter steps as part of daily living and are accessible to owners, making the regime specic to returning to normal function. e biggest benet of steps as an exercise is that no expensive equipment is required and most people can t them into their normal daily routine (as long as they have suitable stairs available to use).Simple functional exercises can assist with increasing range of movement in the forelimb of dogsby Nadia Kopec, Gillian Tabor and Jane WilliamsFigure 1 – Shoulder extension in the le forelimb when reaching for next step.Figure 2 – Shoulder exion in the le forelimb as the right forelimb reaches for the next step which lowers the body towards next step.Figure 3 – Elbow exion in the le forelimb, to clear step edge.Figure 4 – Elbow Extension in the le forelimb, limited by previous step riser.Figure 5 – Elbow extension in the le forelimb in trot.12345
17Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018continued overleafPlease quote ATH1 on your enquiry/introductory order.Hydrotherapy pools have proved benecial when treating a variety of medical conditions, both for humans and animals alike and it is reassuring to know that there are strict standards to help assure you that your water is clean and safe.Our photometer and comparator range of testing equipment enables you to accurately test the water, so you can regulate the levels of chemicals required for sanitisation.We oer extensive courses on accurate water testing, so that the pool operator has the expertise to ensure your animal has the best chance at rehabilitation.Test All Water Ltd, Unit 11, Oak House B, Ransom Wood Business Park, Manseld, Nottinghamshire. NG21 0HJContact us: Tel: 0115 8882726 www.testallwater.co.uk email: sales@testallwater.co.ukSome of the tests recommended:• Chlorine - Free & Total / Bromine Free• Chloramines• Alkalinity• Calcium Hardness• pH• TemperatureWe can advise on standard photometers or the extended range version to measure up to 10ppm Cl2.Investigation of steps and ramps in canine exercise regimes us far the canine kinematics (the study of motion) whilst ascending steps and a ramp of the forelimb[1] and hind limb[3] have been investigated. Hind limb movement has also been studied whilst descending ramp and steps[2], leaving a gap in the current evidence. To add to the existing research in this area, a study of the forelimb in non-lame dogs descending steps and a ramp was completed. e study used a two-dimensional kinematic motion analysis system to assess canine kinematics in the forelimb of eight dogs, weighing 21-24.7kg (mean 22.3kg +/-1.9kg), aged 3-9 years (mean 5.5 years +/-2.7years). e sample consisted of six bitches and two dogs, seven neutered and one unneutered female of varying breeds. Flexion, extension and total range of movement of the shoulder, elbow and carpus were assessed whilst descending steps, a ramp with a 35° angle and trotting on the at. e motion during each were compared. e speed and stride lengths of the dogs were also measured during each of these conditions. Signicant increases were found in shoulder and elbow range of movement and elbow exion when descending steps compared to descending the ramp and trotting on the at (P<0.016). However, elbow extension was signicantly greater when trotting on the at compared to descending steps and a ramp (P<0.016). Stride length was signicantly greater in trot on the at compared to when dogs descended the ramp (P<0.016). No signicant dierences were found in speed for any dogs between the three measurement conditions.Changes in shoulder range of movement when descending steps were attributed to the increased limb length and therefore shoulder extension required to stretch down to the next step (Figure 1). e limb length increases relative to its length in standing, due to the extension of the joints in the upper limb. At this point during the movement, the opposite shoulder has to ex to allow the body to lower to accommodate for the dimensions of the steps to enable descent (Figure 2).e increase in elbow range of movement and exion correspond with relative shortening of the limb to clear the step-edge during the swing phase of gait (Figure 3). Elbow extension however was limited on the steps by the previous step-riser as shown in Figure 4, but removing this limitation when trotting on the at, allowed greater elbow extension and a larger stride length (Figure 5).ere was no signicant increase in carpus range of movement seen
18Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018when descending steps or a ramp compared to trotting in the at. is was explained by the carpus exing to clear the oor when trotting on the at but when descending steps or a ramp, no additional movement was required due to the decline in the surface and limb length being changed mainly at the elbow. When ascending and descending steps or a ramp, the dog must transfer weight to alternate forelimbs or hindlimbs. e leg in stance must balance and support the body whilst the other leg goes through a larger range of movement and also the brain must know where the foot is in space (proprioception) in order to clear the step edge or surface of the ramp. e control of this considerable weight shi from side to side may explain the reduced speed of the dogs when completing stairs and a ramp compared to when trotting on the at. is was also seen in another study[4] looking at the kinematics of the limbs during walking exercises and these authors also suggest this is due to the challenges placed on proprioception and balance. is must be considered when giving this exercise as part of an early rehabilitation programme as it could become too challenging for some animals if prescribed too soon. When ascending, the limb must propel the animal up, but during descent, the braking role of the forelimbs is increased and therefore eccentric contractions would occur and so should increase strength[5]. However, the stage of rehabilitation and strength of the muscles being worked should be assessed as eccentric contractions can be considered negative work due to the muscle absorbing energy as it is in a loaded position which can place too much force on weak muscles[6].Eccentric contractions, where the muscles are lengthening and controlling the lowering of the body,use less energy, even though they create more force than concentric actions.Although stride length was not signicantly dierent between the three conditions, the stride length when descending the steps was far more consistent than that on the ramp and at surface. Due to this nding it may be preferable to use the steps as part of a home exercise programme as it is more likely to be accurately reproduced and may also be easier to recreate at home.Practical implications for canine physiotherapye results of this study show that the use of descending steps as an exercise for therapy has the potential to improve the range of movement of the shoulder and elbow of the canine forelimb when compared to trotting on the at. In early rehabilitation of a forelimb issue, descending steps and a ramp may be useful to increase range of movement of the shoulder and elbow. However it may place too much strain on the weak or healing muscles due to the eccentric contractions required to aid braking, so strength and control need to be thoroughly assessed to ensure appropriateness for this exercise. Once the animal is condently weight bearing and gaining strength, descending steps could give added strengthening element to a home exercise programme as well as challenging balance, control and proprioception. Descending a ramp can also be useful for elbow exercises but may not be as consistent as steps and may be harder to reproduce in a home exercise programme. Where additional support or guidance is required, for example in a neurological injury with reduced proprioception, steps and ramps may not be possible to reproduce correctly in a home exercise programme due to availability of people and appropriate handling. Other than in a clinical scenario, the angle of this ramp may be hard to replicate and therefore the use of steps would be recommended. e dog needs to stay calm and straight on the equipment during these exercises and therefore may not be suitable for all dogs. e steps exercises would be easier to control than the ramp as the stride length is dened by the dimensions of the steps whereas the dogs can alter stride length on the ramp. e exercises would have to be regularly reviewed by the therapist to ensure the correct eects were occurring and exercises were consistent[4]. A good explanation, instructions and demonstration where possible, would be recommended when being used as part of a home exercise programme. e dogs in this study required minimal acclimatisation but once the dog became condent, some of them attempted to jump down the ramp or missed out steps. Owners would need to have sucient control of the dog in order for these exercises to be eective and not put the dog at risk. All exercises included in any home based therapeutic regime should be practiced, demonstrated and trialled with the owner to ensure the exercises are appropriate, performed correctly and consistently. If a dog requires adaptations to the home environment in order to avoid extremes of movement, the results of this study would suggest that descent of a ramp would be preferable to steps as the limb performs signicantly less range of movement, particularly at the elbow. Such exercises can be used in the rehabilitation of orthopaedic and neurological disorders as well as post-operatively, but must only be used at the correct stage of rehabilitation to avoid injury or detrimental eects. Post-operative instructions and contraindications should be considered prior to their use and each dog should be assessed and trialled with the exercises to ensure they are appropriate. No research has yet studied the eects of these exercises on lame dogs, therefore they should be used carefully if a dog is not sound as they will increase the weight bearing on the aected limbs during the stance phase which may not be appropriate. However, where an increase in weight bearing is a desired eect, then descending steps or a ramp would increase the weight and forces placed on the forelimb[5]. HARTPURY COLLEGE
19Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018REFERENCES [1] Carr, J.G., Millis, D.L. and Weng, H.Y. (2013) Exercises in Canine Physical Rehabilitation: Range of Motion of the Forelimb during Stair and Ramp Ascent. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 54, pp. 409-413[2] Millard, R.P., Headrick, J.F. and Millis, D.L. (2010) Kinematic Analysis of the Pelvic Limbs of Healthy Dogs during Stair and Decline Slope Walking. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 51, pp. 419-422[3] Durant, M., Millis, D.L. and Headrick, J.F. (2011) Kinematics of Stair Ascent in Healthy Dogs. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. 24, pp. 99-105[4] Holler, P.J., Brazda, V., Dal-Bianco, B., Lewy, E., Mueller, M.C., Peham, C. and Bockstahler, B.A. (2010) Kinematic Motion Analysis of the Joints of the Forelimbs and Hindlimbs of Dogs during Walking Exercise Regimens. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 71, pp. 734-740[5] Lee, D.V. (2011) Eects of grade and mass distribution on the mechanics of trotting in dogs. The Journal of Experimental Biology. 214, pp.402-411 [6] Childers, M.K., Okamura, C.S., Bogan, D.J., Bogan, J.R., Petroski, G.F., McDonald, K. and Kornegay, J.N. (2002) Eccentric contraction injury in dystrophic canine muscle.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 83(11), pp.1572-1578BIOGRAPHYNadia KopecNadia is a Chartered Physiotherapist and an ACPAT physiotherapist having graduated with an Msc in Veterinary Physiotherapy from Hartpury College in June 2015. Nadia started up NKVetPhysio providing physiotherapy for horses, dogs and cats and The Mobility Physio for treatment of humans two years ago. Nadia won the ACPAT prize when graduating after completing the above mentioned research as part of her MSc degree. Gillian Tabor and Jane Williams were Nadia’s dissertation supervisors during this process. Nadia is keen to promote evidence based practice and wants to continue to complete research. Nadia has owned and competed her own horses and dogs since the age of eight years old and therefore understands that whether they are pets or an athlete, they still mean the world to their owners. Nadia has experienced rst-hand the importance of correct rehabilitation after an injury of an animal and therefore understands how it feels for an owner as well as seeing how good practice can be very eective.Gillian TaborGillian is a Chartered Physiotherapist who has been working as an ACPAT Veterinary Physiotherapist for over 15 years. In her own practice in Devon she specialises in physio for horses and riders, with the focus on treatment and rehabilitation of competition horses. Gillian is the programme manager and lectures on the MSc Veterinary Physiotherapy course at University Centre, Hartpury and is undertaking research, both her own equine projects and supervising students. When not working she has two young Lusitanos to keep her busy and plans to progress up the dressage levels with them.Jane WilliamsJane is an experienced researcher, with a passion for enhancing animal performance and welfare through teaching and industry informed real-world research, which generates change. Jane is a qualied veterinary nurse and gained her Masters in Equine Science before completing her doctorate exploring the application of surface electromyography (EMG) as a tool to assess muscle adaptation during training in racehorses and sport horses. Her main areas of professional interest include scientic evaluation of animal performance and training and reliability assessment.ese exercises may also be used to improve balance, motor control, proprioception and limb placement. e eccentric work of the forelimb muscles whilst performing the role of braking in descent could also be used as a strengthening exercise. ConclusionsWhen formulating a rehabilitation programme, with the aim to increase forelimb joint range of movement, the use of stair and ramp descent exercises should be considered. e results from this study show that the use of stair and ramp descent exercises could have therapeutic value within a rehabilitation programme. e benets of these exercises can now be compared to those of other therapeutic exercises and assist with evidence based decisions to ensure that the exercise regime is as accurate and eective as possible. Step descent as a therapeutic exercise would assist with increasing range of movement of the shoulder and elbow and may be useful in recovery from surgery or aer orthopaedic or neurological injury. Other eects of these exercises such as balance, proprioception and strengthening may also occur but require further investigation. Step exercises are more likely to be a consistent and reliable method of increasing range of movement as the ramp and trotting exercises are harder to control and monitor to ensure the correct eects are occurring. Steps are therefore more suitable for a home exercise programme where a therapist is not present. It is essential that all exercises need to be assessed as appropriate for the particular client and owner as well as the stage rehabilitation.University Centre, Hartpury, Gloucester, GL19 3BE
20Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Poisoning is a potential risk all year-round but there are seasonal variations in the pattern of poisoning in animals. In the spring this includes exposure to spring-owering plants, mushrooms, garden products, adders and chocolate. Spring-owering plantsAs the weather warms up, spring owers such as tulip, snowdrop, grape hyacinth, crocus and daodils, begin to brighten up our parks, gardens and homes. Pets can also nd them appealing and may chew or eat these owers or dig up the bulbs. Swallowing such plants can cause gastrointestinal upset and some animals may require treatment to control vomiting and replace lost uids. Occasionally more signicant signs occur and there is also risk of a blockage in the gut if large lumps of bulb are swallowed.Garden productsWarm weather tempts us all out into the garden, including our four legged friends. Gardening usually means tidying up the ravages of winter, removing weeds and revitalising the lawn using variety of weed killers. Ready-to-use sprays or products are diluted and applied in a watering can, however, contrary to improving the health of your lawn, it may not be so great for your pet. Always read the manufacturer’s instructions before use and clean up spills or puddles of weed killer promptly. Lawn treatments generally contain fertilizers, weed killers and ferrous sulphate (iron) to feed the lawn and destroy weeds and moss. All the chemicals are irritants and can cause gastrointestinal upset. Walking over a recently treated lawn can also cause local irritation to the feet. ere is also the risk of iron poisoning which can result in severe gastrointestinal signs, shock and liver failure but this is only likely if a large amount of lawn treatment is eaten.Fertilizers, including bone meal, are commonly used in spring and autumn and, although considered of low toxicity, they can still cause gastrointestinal upset and irritation to the skin. Adderse adder is the only venomous snake native to the UK. With the rise in temperature during the months of March and April the snakes begin to emerge from hibernation. ey are not aggressive but will bite if provoked and this is a potential risk as dogs investigate hedgerows and undergrowth where they may disturb the snake. An adder bite can result in rapid swelling around the bite site with pain, lethargy and collapse. ere is also the risk of more severe signs and any animal bitten by an adder should be taken immediately to the vet. e adder is a protected species so leave it where it is and do not attempt to catch it – this is not allowed and is dangerous.Mushrooms and toadstools Warm, wet weather encourages fungi to produce their fruit bodies (mushrooms and toadstools). Some fungi cause gastrointestinal signs, while others can cause hallucinations and behavioural changes; however only a few are extremely toxic and can cause damage to the liver and kidneys. ere are thousands of types of mushrooms and it can be dicult, and potentially dangerous, to attempt to identify them without expert knowledge. If your pet has eaten a mushroom and there is some le, take photographs of it and then dig it up and take it with your pet to your vet. If your pet vomits and there are remnants in the vomit – collect this too. Your vet can contact the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) to arrange for images to be sent for identication which will allow appropriate treatment, if required, or provide reassurance that the mushroom is not toxic. Seasonal Hazards to your petsby Nicola Bates BSc (Brunel), BSc (Open), MSc, MA, SRCS, Senior Information Scientist/VPIS Research LeadSPRING POISONS
21Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Animal PoisonLineTriage advice for owners (24 hours)01202 509000 (charges apply)www.animalpoisonline.co.ukChocolateChocolate poisoning, particularly in dogs is common at both Easter and Christmas. Easter eggs and other chocolate products are very attractive to dogs and they can eat large quantities. Chocolate contains a chemical called theobromine that can cause toxic eects in animals. e amount of theobromine depends on the type of chocolate. White chocolate is generally low risk as it contains very little. Milk and particularly dark chocolate contain higher concentrations, and can cause agitation, excitability, tremors, convulsions and heart problems. Keep all chocolate products out of sight and reach of pets.What to doIf you are concerned that your pet may have eaten something inappropriate you can contact Animal PoisonLine for advice on whether you need to visit your vet or if it is safe to keep a close eye on them at home. If your pet is already unwell with signicant clinical signs contact your vet for advice. No-one wants to endure the panic of thinking their pet has eaten something that could be poisonous, so prevention is key. Sensible steps - cleaning up spills, using products according to manufacturer’s instructions and storing products securely will allow you and your pet to safely enjoy the glories of spring. Tips on prevention of poisoning• Store products in their original containers, out of sight and out of reach of pets. • Ensure storage cupboard doors are closed securely. • Always read the directions of household and garden products before use and use as directed.• Replace the tops of containers securely after use. • Clean up spills promptly. • Do not allow your pet to walk through spills or puddles of pesticide products.• Do not allow your pet to drink from watering cans if they contain a garden product.• If you pet is licking or chewing at their paws after walking on a treated lawn, try to wash their paws to prevent ingestion of any garden chemicals. What to do if you think your pet has been poisoned• If you can do so safely, remove any suspect material from your pet’s mouth. • If your pet has vomited, clean it up promptly to prevent your pet(s) or a child from ingesting it. Keep a sample (it may help determine how much was eaten or can be sent for toxicological analysis if required). • If your pet has skin or fur contamination, wipe o the excess material and, if safe to do so, wash the aected area with detergent such as shampoo. • If the material is greasy or sticky you could try rubbing butter or margarine on to the fur rst and then wash this o with soap and water. • Do not try to make your pet vomit. NEVER give salt water - this is dangerous.• If your pet is already showing signs of poisoning such as collapse, severe tremors or convulsions – take your pet to your vet immediately.• If you are unsure if a visit to your vet is necessary, you can call Animal PoisonLine for advice. It helps to have the following information available: - What substance or product is involved - How much has been taken - When the event occurred - If your pet is unwell • If you are advised to take your pet to the veterinary practice, collect a sample of the poison and take it with you. This could be the packaging, the container (if available) or a sample of plant material (e.g. leaves, owers and berries) or mushroom.
22Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018“This morning I heard her barking in her sleep – the mued, jowl-pung bark of dreaming. Oh, does she dream. I love her dream-barks, falsely severe, often accompanied by twitching feet or lips curled into a teeth-baring growl. Watch long enough and I’ll see her eyes dancing, the periodic clenches of her jaw, hear her tiny whimpers. The best dreams inspire tail-wags – huge thumps of delight that wake herself and me.” Alexandra Horowitz, The Inside of a dogSLEEP is essential for health and wellbeing. Getting enough sleep is so vital to our bodies that when we lose just a single hour due to daylight saving there is an astonishing 24% increase in heart attacks the following day1. Sleep consultant and neuroscientist Matthew Walker, author of Why We Sleep, calls lack of sleep “one of the greatest public health challenges we face in the 21st century” and links sleep deprivation to some serious health conditions. Could it be that modern living places our dogs’ sleep under strain too?Sleepe exact function of sleep and dreaming is uncertain, with dierent species thriving on considerably varying amounts. Giraes, for instance, function on as little as two hours a day and ants catnap in one-minute ‘sleep episodes’, while dolphins are literally either half asleep, when one side of the brain rests, or fully awake.Dogs are social sleepers, not strictly nocturnal or diurnal. ere are two types of sleep: rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM. REM sleep is when most dreaming takes place and is the most restorative type. e body is in a state of REM atonia when it is mostly paralyzed to prevent dreams being acted out. e average dog spends nearly ten hours in quiet non-REM sleep and around three and a half hours in active REM sleep over 24 hours, and puppies spend up to eighteen hours a day sleeping. Sleep disordersResearch into sleep deprivation in dogs is limited, however it is likely they suer similar symptoms to us such as tiredness, mood swings, forgetfulness, and diculty concentrating and performing tasks. Short-nosed breeds can suer from brachycelaphic airway syndrome, when conformation makes breathing dicult and disturbs sleep, and this can impact health negatively in the long term. Dogs can suer from sleep apnoea, narcolepsy and REM sleep disorder, and some pets with traumatic pasts may suer anxiety that disrupts sleep. Changes in sleep pattern occur in aging dogs and those with cognitive dysfunction. Total blindness may cause problems as the retina is unable to detect the dierence between night and day, although external “timekeepers” or zeitgebers - environmental cues that entrain the body’s internal clock - also help the body tell time. Examples of these are noises, social interaction, light, temperature, mealtimes and scent. Some dogs indicate bed time and especially meal times with such alarming clarity, that you could set your watch by them!Let sleeping dogs lieGood quality rest is essential for health and wellbeingby Kate Mallatratt A Dip CBM, ICB, PPG, Canine BehaviouristCanine CareLet sleeping dogs lie… © Bounders Dog Photography
23Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018ideal for dogs on restricted exerciseexcellent for crate trainingcalming for anxious dogsgreat distraction from unwanted behaviourfabulous for puppy developmentstimulating for dogs with sensory impairmentperfect mental stimulation for golden oldies useful for extending reward timesrecommended by canine professionals fully washable and can be tumble driedwww.pickpocketforagers.comwww.pickpocketforagers.comWhy does my dog need aPick Pocket?EMAIL kate@PickPocketforagers.comTEL07875 951632A MUST HAVE! The PickPocket is a superb interactive feeder providing mental stimulation, especially important for dogs on restricted exercise for medical reasons. Highly recommended!Brigie Barton, chair & education oicerInternational Canine Behaviourists | www.icb.globalMy 9 month old border collie Thessie loves her PickPocket. It occupies and mentally stimulates her, and is helping to improve her nosework skills ready for competition. As a behaviourist I strongly recommend this product to all dog owners.David Svennelid, canine behaviourist & trainer Swedish Dog Academy | www.swedishdogacademy.comMy dogs love the PickPocket! They are perfect to keep noses busy, and as a veterinary nurse I can see their value for dogs on crate rest, restricted exercise or recovering from ortho-paedic surgery. With a PickPocket your dog can ‘exercise’ with his nose!NIKKI CADDICK, Registered Veterinary NurseTrained to Pawfection | www.trainedtopawfection.co.ukThe puppies in my class LOVED exploring the PickPocket – one had his evening meal in it! In my grooming salon, the PickPocket made Angel’s first puppy visit very enjoyable, and she happily foraged in the pockets while being combed.Karen Backhouse, APDT trainer & groomerGuiding Paws Training | www.guidingpaws.co.ukGift setsAre you looking for that extra special gift for your ‘bestie’? Look no further than our pawsome gift set - PickPocket and matching bandana.ideal for dogs on restricted exerciseexcellent for crate trainingcalming for anxious dogsgreat distraction from unwanted behaviourfabulous for puppy developmentstimulating for dogs with sensory impairmentperfect mental stimulation for golden oldies useful for extending reward timesrecommended by canine professionals fully washable and can be tumble driedwww.pickpocketforagers.comwww.pickpocketforagers.comWhy does my dog need aPick Pocket?EMAIL kate@PickPocketforagers.comTEL07875 951632A MUST HAVE! The PickPocket is a superb interactive feeder providing mental stimulation, especially important for dogs on restricted exercise for medical reasons. Highly recommended!Brigie Barton, chair & education oicerInternational Canine Behaviourists | www.icb.globalMy 9 month old border collie Thessie loves her PickPocket. It occupies and mentally stimulates her, and is helping to improve her nosework skills ready for competition. As a behaviourist I strongly recommend this product to all dog owners.David Svennelid, canine behaviourist & trainer Swedish Dog Academy | www.swedishdogacademy.comMy dogs love the PickPocket! They are perfect to keep noses busy, and as a veterinary nurse I can see their value for dogs on crate rest, restricted exercise or recovering from ortho-paedic surgery. With a PickPocket your dog can ‘exercise’ with his nose!NIKKI CADDICK, Registered Veterinary NurseTrained to Pawfection | www.trainedtopawfection.co.ukThe puppies in my class LOVED exploring the PickPocket – one had his evening meal in it! In my grooming salon, the PickPocket made Angel’s first puppy visit very enjoyable, and she happily foraged in the pockets while being combed.Karen Backhouse, APDT trainer & groomerGuiding Paws Training | www.guidingpaws.co.ukGift setsAre you looking for that extra special gift for your ‘bestie’? Look no further than our pawsome gift set - PickPocket and matching bandana. Tel: 07875 951632 kate@PickPocketforagers.com www.PickPocketforagers.com Fabric food foragers for your best friendFind us on FBSee our latest fabrics, watch videos of happy customers and read our training tipscontinued overleafA sheepskin can make a luxurious bed © The Fabulous Fleece CoPerchance to dreamDespite extensive research, the exact function of dreams is hazy although it appears they are the brain’s mechanism for processing emotions, stimuli and information, are necessary for neurons to grow and for consolidation of learning and memory. During dreams it seems that the brain creates a kind of virtual reality, thought to help prepare for the challenges of daily life. Given what we know about our own dreams, perhaps we can hazard a guess what our dogs might dream about. Are they madly following a captivating scent, blissfully wading through a murky puddle or relishing a chomp on a juicy bone? Sharing your bedA survey by the American Pet Products Association found that nearly half of dogs sleep with their owners2. ere are however some disadvantages to sharing your bed: it poses a small risk of contracting zoonotic diseases, receiving ea bites, exacerbating allergies and disturbing sleep.Aside from the potential health risks, behaviour problems may result from sharing a bed. Removing a dog from your bed may cause separation issues. Sleeping areas are important locations which may elicit territorial guarding and if your dog nds that defending the bed is successful, he may learn that aggression enables him to keep possession of valuable resources. If this should happen, your dog must not be allowed on the bed or given access to the bedroom.
24Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018SLEEPOn the other hand, if your dog will contentedly sleep on your bed and jump o when asked, there is no reason why he can’t make himself at home. For many people the comfort of snuggling up to your best friend is worth the potential risks – even if he takes up most of the bed.Your puppy’s rst nightA puppy who has spent the rst weeks of his life nestling up to his mum and siblings will feel scared and isolated when brought into his new home, especially if abandoned on the rst night to cry himself to sleep. is negative experience could potentially lead to separation anxiety in future. To make your puppy’s rst few nights less stressful, share the room with him so that you can comfort him and take him out to toilet when he wakes/cries, gradually moving his bed to your chosen location over time.Quality R&R It is important that your dog’s environment is conducive to rest and recuperation to enable him to get healthful sleep.Light pollution is a modern-day curse for humans and animals alike. Dog beds are oen situated in the kitchen or utility where electrical appliances illuminate the room, turning night into day and leading to less ecient production of the hormone melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm. To ensure your dog’s rest is unaected, situate the bed away from appliances and hang blackout curtains at windows to eliminate street lighting. Above and below: A puppy at ease in his sleep. © Hannah ButlerIf you need to leave a light on, red disrupts sleep less than white. Taking your dog for a short evening stroll can help you both wind down away from the glare of the computer screen or TV.Core body temperature is regulated by the circadian rhythm, and rises during the day and drops at night. Sleep quality may be aected by the ambient room temperature as it is dicult to nod o if body temperature is too high. A dog’s normal temperature is greater than ours and he generally prefers the environment cooler. Dogs oen have a favourite sleeping place but will frequently move around, and being locked in a crate or lying in a bed on a oor with underoor heating for instance may make it more dicult to control thermoregulation. Ensure your dog can move to a cooler (or warmer) spot for an optimal night’s rest e.g. leave the crate door open and allow access to another room. Scent can play an important role in relaxation too, and pheromone or valerian based plug-ins are available to help calm your pet and improve sleep quality. Scent memories can evoke strong emotions and a puppy may nd comfort from a toy or item of clothing from his breeder placed in his new bed. e cacophony of sound in our noisy world can easily overload our dog’s nervous system and reduce the quality of therapeutic rest. Dogs process a wider frequency of sound than humans, the upper end of which is thought to be at least twice as high. Consider reducing or eliminating noises within your control: turn o ansaphones that bleep, remove jangly tags and bells on collars, lower the TV, radio and mobile ring tones, and try not to clatter dishes or slam doors. Owners who leave the radio on for their dog for company when they go out are better providing music specically written to calm their canine. Out of three types researched - classical, pop and heavy metal - veterinarian Dr. Susan Wagner, co-author of rough a Dog’s Ear: using sound to improve the health and behaviour of your canine companion, found psychoaccoustically composed classical melodies to be the most eective. is type of music is a therapeutic tool that may help calm an agitated dog at bedtime too.Dogs who observe the comings and goings from a window when you are out may become too aroused by stimuli such as birds, cats and squirrels in the garden, to fully relax. Watching may also encourage territorial guarding and small dogs standing on the top a sofa with an excellent vantage point oen bark at passers to send them on their way. ink carefully about managing your home to reduce visibility by shutting doors, restricting access to windows, closing blinds or hanging net curtains and create ‘yoga class’ surroundings that are calm, quiet, low-lit and lacking external stimuli.A tired dog is a happy dog?If your dog sleeps most of the day while you are out at work, this may impact his night time sleep quality while regular exercise and daytime mental stimulation can help improve sleep. Canine enrichment tutor Sophie Reilly explains that her dogs rest more deeply aer foraging activities, noticing that they “usually snore aer enrichment games rather than lightly snoozing with one eye open”. If your dog has separation anxiety then additional exercise in the hope he will sleep more may not help, and you must address the underlying problems rst.
25Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018RECOMMENDED RESOURCES:Through a Dog’s Ear: using sound to improve the health and behaviour of your canine companion. Leeds, J; Wagner, S DVM. (2008). Sounds True Inc, USA. ISBN 978-1591798118Why we sleep: the new science of sleep and dreams. Walker, M PhD (2017). Penguin Random House, UK. ISBN 978-0141983769REFERENCES: 1. Walker, M PhD. (2017) What happens to your body and brain if you don’t get enough sleep. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-8b99rGpkM 2. Myers, W (2015). Should you allow your dog in your bed? Available from https://www.everydayhealth.com/pet-health/allowing-dogs-in-bed.aspx3. Walker, M PhD (2017). Why we sleep: the new science of sleep and dreams. Penguin Random House, UK. Barrerra, C (2015). Is a tired dog really a good dog? Available from:https://reactivechampion.blogspot.co.uk/2015/01/is-tired-dog-really-good-dog.html Beaver, Bonnie V (1999). Canine Behaviour: a guide for veterinarians. W B Saunders Company, USA.Becker, K DVM (2017). Why sleeping with your pet can be so challenging. Available from: https://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2017/08/31/how-animals-sleep.aspxBreus, M PhD (2015). Secrets to Sleep Success – Dreams. Available from http://www.thesleepdoctor.com/all-about-sleep/dreams/Clarke, M (no date). Dog’s sleeping positions and habits tell you a lot about their personality and health. Available from: http://dogtime.com/dog-health/dog-behavior/48213-dogs-sleeping-positions-habits-tell-lot-personality-healthColten H R; Altevogt B M, editors (2006). Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research;. Sleep. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2006. 2, Sleep Physiology. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK19956/Doidge, N (2007). The Brain that Changes Itself. Penguin Group, London, UK.Horowitz, A (2016). Being a Dog: Following the dog into a world of smell. Scribner, New York, USA.Horowitz, A (2010). The Inside of a Dog: what dogs see, smell and know. Scribner, New York, USA.Gilpatrick, J (2008). Is my dog getting enough sleep? Available from:https://www.petmd.com/dog/general-health/my-dog-getting-enough-sleep#Leeds, J; Wagner, S DVM (2008). Through a Dog’s Ear: using sound to improve the health and behaviour of your canine companion. Sounds True, USA. Mercola, J (2008). Night Pollution is Ruining Your Health. Available from http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/11/20/how-light-pollution-is-ruining-yourhealth.aspxMercola, J (2010). Want a Good Night’s Sleep? Then never do these things before bed. Available from http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2010/10/02/secretsto-a-good-night-sleep.aspxWalker, M PhD (2017). Why we sleep: the new science of sleep and dreams. Penguin Random House, UK. Kate Mallatratt is a founder member of International Canine Behaviourists and is a member of Pet Professional Guild for force-free training. She is author of Home Alone – and Happy! and worked in television as assistant animal trainer for Plimsoll Production. Kate holds an Advanced Diploma in Canine Behaviour Management and specialises in errorless learning, a concept she incorporates into problem prevention, behaviour modication and enriching the home environment for the family dog. Kate has owned and trained dogs for many years and runs her behaviour and training business, Contemplating Canines, in East Devon, UK.And so to bed…Appropriate sleeping quarters are crucial for the health and wellbeing of puppies and whelping mothers. Puppies housed in inadequate facilities where they are unable to crawl away from their nest to eliminate are dicult to house train, and a bitch who feels vulnerable will curl around her puppies for protectiveness and her anxiety may impact their future behaviour. A dog spending too long in his crate may become over-dependent, leading owners to believe this is positive when the dog has actually developed an unhealthy addiction to connement.ere are many types of dog beds on the market to suit all shapes, sizes, breeds and ages. For example, a terrier may enjoy burrowing in a sleeping bag style bed while a senior dog may prefer a rmer mattress, and crates can easily be covered with a blanket to reduce light pollution. Beds that are too small to allow a dog to fully stretch out can cause musculoskeletal problems.Sleeping positionsYour dog’s sleeping position can reect his mood and may be inuenced by who he is with and aected by pain or illness. If he feels entirely at ease he will oen lie on his side exposing his belly, sometimes with his paws in the air. Curling up nose to tail, a position oen adopted by wild animals, protects vital organs, conserves heat and means the dog can get up quickly. Sick dogs oen select this position. Lateral recumbency is frequently adopted for deep sleep. Never wake a sleeping dog by touching him as you may startle him - always call him to you or wa a strongly scented treat under his nose to rouse him.Returning to our own sleep, happily in Autumn, when the clocks go back and we gain an hour’s rest, there is a corresponding reduction in heart attacks from the Springtime increase3 (when we lose an hour’s sleep). is serves as a stark reminder that we should get the recommended eight hours a night. Getting enough good quality sleep, it seems, can literally save lives and it is highly likely that the health benets travel down the lead too.
26Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018 Top specialists conrmed for extended Rehabilitation stream at VET Festival 8th & 9th June 2018 at Loseley Park, SurreyVET FESTIVAL 2018(L-R: Dr Ellen Martens, Dr Chris Zink and Professor Noel Fitzpatrick)VET Festival, in partnership with Centaur Services, has announced its 2018 clinical conference programme comprising over 120 lectures, brand new subject areas and featuring over 30 pioneering, internationally renowned speakers. In response to continued delegate feedback, the dedicated Rehabilitation stream now covers both days of the conference on Friday 8th and Saturday 9th June, assuring huge diversity and stronger interaction in sessions delivered by three world thought-leaders in their eld.Dr Chris Zink, Specialist in Canine Sport Medicine and Diplomate at American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, USADr Ellen Martens, Instructor at the Canine Rehabilitation Institute and Advanced Canine Rehabilitation Therapist, BelgiumProfessor Noel Fitzpatrick, Managing Director of Fitzpatrick Referrals and Professor of Orthopaedics at University of Surrey, UKNow oering a wider variety of forward-thinking CPD choice, VET Festival has also added Minimally Invasive Surgery, Cardiopulmonary, Diagnostic Imaging and Nutrition. This unique conference programme oers rehabilitation professionals exclusive access to ground-breaking opinion leaders from across the world not usually found on the speaker circuit, who will bring their skills, knowledge and passion to the content of their discussions. Other highlights of the VET Festival 2018 conference programme include: Professor Mike Conzemius, Professor of Surgery and Director of the Clinical Investigation Center at University of Minnesota, USAProfessor Don Hulse, Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Texas A&M University & Austin Veterinary Emergency Center, USAProfessor Bill Culp, Director of Service at UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, California, USAProfessor Mike Targett, Associate Professor of Veterinary Neurology at University of Nottingham, UKProfessor Lisa Freeman, Professor of Clinical Nutrition at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Massachusetts, USAProfessor Danielle Gunn-Moore, Professor of Feline Medicine at Hospital for Small Animals, University of Edinburgh, UKAn integrated conference programme at VET Festival encourages delegates to easily explore other streams and select their own lecture path across the festival. The 2018 programme has been specically designed by Founder Professor Noel Fitzpatrick to allow delegates to choose and create their own desired CPD agenda. Professor Noel Fitzpatrick commented: “We created VET Festival to lead the way in redening veterinary learning and to totally revolutionise the current expected CPD formula. I personally invest a great deal of time into collaborating with speakers who will not only bring unrivalled expertise and knowledge, but inspire, motivate and deliver excellent content that is relevant to all veterinary companion animal professionals. The skills shared will be totally unique amongst other veterinary conferences, and our conference programme comprises a choice of subjects and talent that is hard to beat. I sincerely feel that the academic programme is presented by folks who are truly at the clinical coalface and will bring you insights that aren’t available in textbooks or on-line. Our aspiration is that lectures in tents and the music festival vibe will freshen the air of education and that this open-eld learning will help to open minds and hearts to a new paradigm of veterinary education.
27Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018 Our goal at VET Festival is to collectively become a positive force for good so that every one of us benets. With wellness for animals and every member of the profession at the beating heart of VET Festival, we want to enthuse everyone to try to make your vocation exactly how you want it to be. We want to reignite the spark that you had when you signed up to the veterinary profession in the rst place and keep it burning brightly. This year the wellness stream has a specic focus on how we cope day to day in a busy clinical environment full of stresses and strains on our mind and body. We have wonderful speakers from across the globe focussing on life-enhancing subjects as diverse as coping with stress and failure, communication, personal nutrition, postural aches and pains, getting to sleep and work-life balance. Our commitment is to listen to the delegates – what they want, what they need. Our endeavour is to make VET Festival the greatest and most enjoyable veterinary CPD event in the world and our legacy is the animals and the veterinary professionals we shall help through our endeavours. I can’t wait for 2018.”The full clinical conference programme is available on the VET Festival website: www.vetfestival.co.uk All tickets booked by 31st January 2018 include an Early Bird 20% discount rate. Tickets are available to buy on Eventbrite: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/vet-festival-2018-tickets-35876825551Veterinary companies retailing or promoting companion animal products, primary care veterinary practices or referral practices have the opportunity to exhibit at VET Festival 2018. For further information on exhibitor or sponsorship opportunities, please contact Kara on KHiscox@tzallmedia.com“Our goal at VET Festival is to collectively become a positive force for good”VET Festival marks its third year partnership with Centaur Services Centaur Services is joining forces once again with VET Festival as it has been announced that they are the ocial Headline Partner for the 2018 event, and will work with the team to deliver the unique outdoor conference on Friday 8th and Saturday 9th June 2018. Centaur Services, one of the UK’s leading veterinary wholesalers, together with VET Festival are committed to driving passion and innovation forward in the veterinary industry. The award-winning conference continues to go from strength to strength establishing an inspiring CPD format that suits all veterinary professionals in companion animal practice.As well as being the Headline Partner, Centaur Services will be supporting wellness at VET Festival 2018 with an enhanced sponsorship of the ‘Wellness & Practice Development’ stream, dedicated Wellness Hub and festival games across the conference eld. Centaur Services believe that all veterinary professionals should be equipped with the right tools to carry out their role, and understand from research conducted by VET Festival that some professionals struggle due to the stresses and strains of a modern practice. Centaur Services’ focus on wellness is designed to provide delegates with breathing space to share experiences with like-minded individuals, ensuring delegates leave the festival eld having experienced incredible CPD but also feeling mentally refreshed. Managing Director of Centaur Services, Brian Topper said: “Centaur Services is very proud to partner with VET Festival again in 2018 and we hope to make a meaningful contribution to the wellness and success of everyone that attends. We are united in our responsibility to create healthier futures.”VET Festival 2018 is set to deliver Veterinary Education for Tomorrow where joy and fun are integral to forward-thinking CPD, whilst creating and nurturing a community of compassionate veterinary professionals. Managing Director of Fitz All Media Events, Nicole Cooper adds: “We are delighted that Centaur Services are continuing as Headline Partner for our 2018 event. Centaur Services are the perfect partner for VET Festival and I look forward to working together to deliver another rst-rate event.”
28Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Canine CareCanine Arthritis ManagementThe more I learn, the more I realise how much I don’t knowEinsteinIF a fellow vet student had foretold that in 16 years’ time I would be writing an editorial for Animal erapy Magazine, with an opening line from Einstein professing how little I knew, I might have given up there and then. As a student of any discipline, you dream of the day you can consult with condence, structure treatment plans with precision, and predict assured outcomes. However, through experience you realise that this is the Holy Grail; every case you see is unique, therapies are always developing, our understanding of dierent conditions advances.When launching Canine Arthritis Management, I honestly thought that I would have a ghting chance of knowing one tiny element of veterinary medicine well, but what I realise is the more I learn and experience the more I realise there is so much more out there, and that goalpost will always be moving.I recently wrote a slide for a lecture listing all the skills needed to identify, diagnose, and manage an arthritic dog appropriately. e list was immense and didn’t include owner psychology, nancial philosophy, and crystal ball skills. is highlighted to me that as an industry we really should focus more attention on creating good relationships with fellow veterinarians, therapists and rehabilitators. It’s impossible to be everything to every one of our clients, and it is very humbling to acknowledge that.e veterinary profession is oen in the public spotlight, and our place in the public’s aection is a rollercoaster ride, which can be very tough. I personally have a huge amount of respect for my veterinary colleagues, as the level of knowledge and expertise expected, while also being a smiley friendly face stuck in an oxygen-deprived, anal gland-scented shoe box of a room, is immense. e advances in veterinary medicine have meant that referral to specialists is already the norm and I feel this will continue to grow to encompass more and more disciplines. I remember being a new graduate trying to not only eld medical and pet management advice, but also having to contend with complex behavioural issues. It was a dangerous mineeld. ankfully, times have changed and it is accepted that owners are referred to a behaviour specialist. We are now seeing the same approach being applied to rehabilitation and the incorporation of complementary therapies such as physiotherapy, hydrotherapy and acupuncture into mainstream management of cases. ese disciplines certainly did not feature on my syllabus 16 years ago. But thank goodness it didn’t as it could have been the “knowledge straw” that broke the student’s back. Already the universities are trying to equip veterinary students with everything they need to know although massive voids exist for nancial and business planning, time management and mental health preservation. I feel therapists should embrace and encourage this developing collaborative ethos and drive it forward. We should make the “crossover” for vets easier, explaining the concepts and evidence behind the proposed management of the case. Consider the language they use in reports, and whether it is accessible to others not conversant with their skill-base. We should set aside time to make personal contact, oer lunchtime learns and evening greets. However hard, the door should remain open and it should be checked frequently.In my opinion, these collaborations are essential for us to make progress in managing these complex disease processes. e CAM team all appreciate this and thus work voluntarily to bring together specialists, experienced vets, rehabilitators, and other therapists, to grow a safe, reliable and supportive online resource for dog owners. We feel this should be available to all, from rst-time owner to experienced dog handler, and not subject to nancial constraints. We take inspiration from Arthritis Research UK and Arthritis Care which are well supported resources for human suerers. Online information for patients is a mainstream approach for GPs; doctors also have time-restricted consults, dened skillsets and accept that retention of their one-on-one advice to their patients can be well below 50%. rough respected online resources they can instruct patients to self-educate and empower, knowing the content on that site is current and presented in an appealing fashion.But back to the therapist. Very few of us therapists have the pleasure of working in a rehab facility, orthopaedic or pain referral clinic, where many dierent skills are under one roof allowing easy communication and simple collaboration. If only a programming whizzkid would see this as a potential niche market to hone their skills. Most of us work alone, write our reports alone and have successes and failures alone. It is a tough profession and only now, working within it, do I appreciate that. I have denitely found that I am more likely to get involved emotionally in the cases that I see when working outside the vet clinic with its supported boundaries. Which highlights another neglected area of the management of long-term debilitating disease like arthritis – emotional support for the owner. I have found that this is an essential part of service provision, as by Hannah Capon MA Vet MB MRCVS
29Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018 it improves owner compliance and motivation, and thus results are better. Sadly, little scientic literature exists on the power of the caregiver placebo eect in the dog–owner relationship, but it is a widely recognised as being powerful in the parent–child relationship. It has to be accounted for when performing strict trials of drug ecacy, and neglecting it is a common aw in clinical trials. But post these trials and in the real world should we be ignoring it and trying to negate it? Or should we be optimising it, as placebo actually implies that a positive result is experienced in the patient even though the treatment given is known to not eective? rough empowerment, encouragement and emotional support we could oer additional improvement to our clients’ pet’s condition. An interesting and dangerous topic, but surely another eective pathway to be used in the multimodal approach that should be considered when managing an individual case.No matter what the job title, animal therapists should be celebrated. I never thought that I would nd a career path as challenging as working long nightshis in a busy emergency veterinary hospital, but I have. e skills and determination required to be a self-employed therapist of any kind are hard to beat.Canine Arthris Management is a unique veterinary driven iniave aiming to help vets and therapists help their clients opmally manage their dogs condion.Through an online owner advice service CAM promotes a truly mulmodal approach, thus reducing the work load for veterinary professionals and allowing them to concentrate their me and resources on their parcular eld of experse.CAM educates owners through www.caninearthris.co.uk and social media, and has recently launched the Canine Arthris Foundaon, www.cam-foundaon.co.uk, a public forum allowing discussion regarding all elements of managing canine arthris eecvely. "Arthris is a common debilitang and painful disease that requires a exible but comprehensive management plan to get the best results. It's a disease where "everything counts" including lifestyle changes, weight loss, house adapons and so much more. Through our #camarthris online resources, pracce materials and CPD, we support vets educate and empower their owners to gain #yourdogmoreyears" H CaponCAM is now oering compeve in house "pracce team" lectures enabling pracces to set up successful arthris clinics the very next day.Gwen Covey - Crump BVetMed, CertVA, DipECVAA, CertVetAc(IVAS), MRCVS, RCVS Recognised Specialist in Veterinary Anaesthesia and Hannah Capon MA Vet MB MRCVS teach the whole pracce how to manage these common cases more eecvely.For further details regarding the pracce materials and lecture plans please contact daisy@caninearthris.co.uk
30Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018IT’S not every day that one gets an e-mail enquiring if you can do anything to help improve the carpus function of a 5.5 tonne elephant. It’s not every day that you nd out that this elephant lives in one of the most picturesque parts of the world. e brain cells kick into action and 25 years’ worth of experience of working with these majestic beasts is called into play. It’s time for a eld trip to the pristine Okavango delta to look at my largest patient to date.At this point I had no idea what kind of accommodation I could expect, other than it would be fairly remote. As it turned out I was to stay at a remote location set away from the tourist areas, and very kindly put up by a charming couple who run the “Living with Elephants” Foundation. e camp we were in was open to all of the neighbours, so I was in my element, and had to concentrate to keep my focus on the work at hand. Anyone who knows me will know how dicult a task this will have been!e patient I had own out to see was a majestic bull elephant, standing 11.5 feet at the shoulder and weighing in at around 5.5 tonnes. He had sustained an injury to his right front carpus (wrist) in an altercation with a fully wild bull, and then later managed to strain it further in the wet.As I was to discover there are some pretty slippery surfaces out there when it rains, and sections that look solid (and are when they’re dry) become similar to skating rinks following a storm.Before attempting any examination and treatment (I had already been thoroughly briefed on his history, seen the radiographs and other test results) it seemed prudent to let him just get to know me. So having freshly arrived in the bush via a little Cessna 206 single engine plane, I dropped my bags in my tent and donning sunglasses and bush hat set o to meet him and Douglas Groves, with his wife Sandi as my guide. It was great to be somewhere where there were very little signs of human activity. Just the occasional tyre track in the sand to suggest someone had passed through the area. e wildlife was suitably relaxed and un-phased to see us walking through the bush. Even the girae we saw wandered closer to take a look!When I met Jabu, the patient, it was clear that he is a very handsome fella, and he knows it. He was originally a survivor of a controlled cull back in the days when elephant poaching had all but ceased. Since then he had been raised in a park in South Africa, before Doug had the chance to bring him, and two female elephants to Botswana where they live a managed life. is usually means that they walk and browse through the bush for around 12 plus hours a day with Doug, mixing with all of the wildlife of the region, including wild family groups of elephant.Upon meeting Jabu I was impressed with just how calm he was at meeting a complete stranger, and also how careful he was at not knocking me ying. e injured limb was about the same diameter as my body (and I’m no racing snake!), and the way I approach chronic lameness issues like this is not to go straight for the joint in question, but rather to start to address the altered states within the other structures that have begun to compensate for it.is he seemed to like and we began with some standing work which he accepted straight away. Aer a break and some more walking we then attempted a little work with him lying against a termite mound, and again this too he accepted. is was enough for day one.Botswana Field TripOsteopathy in the bushby Tony Nevin, BSc (Hons) Ost, DO Zoo Ost LtdTONY NEVIN30Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
31Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Walking back to camp we passed around 8 girae and it was at this point that I learnt that these particular elephants like to chase things, and Doug’s main job is to persuade them otherwise. is he would calmly do by talking to them in his so American accent, and they would vocalise back to him and generally respond to his requests.On day two I helped Doug and Sandi prepare the elephants for their day in the bush, which was to include a guest encounter, where privileged tourists can spend a few hours learning about elephant natural history and behaviour, in the company of these incredible ambassadors for the species, all set within a private conservancy within the delta. I was included so that the guests could nd out more about what we were trying to do. Suddenly my class had grown!e guest encounter went extremely well, with them walking with the elephants for a while, and learning all about what role elephants play in the environment.Aer a spot of lunch, in an “Out of Africa” scenario the guests le and I set about performing the rst treatment of the day. Again all went well, until I attempted a little more vigorous work around his shoulder whilst he was lying against a termite mound. Something spooked him, and I just dodged the kick! is seemed a prudent time to get Douglas to perform this part of the work whilst I talked him through it. With the nature of Jabu’s injury and the duration he had been compensating for it, I knew that my visit was going to involve me training Douglas to carry on the work once I returned to the UK. Jabu just moved the schedule forward a day or two!To be fair he was extremely gentle with me, and bore no grudge when he stood up aerwards … thankfully!For the rest of the week we went out, performed treatments with me trying to work out what could be done, and then to train Doug as fast as possible so that he could carry on once I returned to the UK. He was a phenomenal student and soaked it all up as if he’d been doing osteopathy all of his life.As well as treating Jabu we also tried to help Morula, the other female, who appeared to still be grieving the loss of the third elephant that used to make up their little group. Sadly she had passed away earlier in the year and since then Doug and Sandi had observed changes in her behaviour.She was by far the harder of the two for me to work with. One minute she would want me to, and the next she would try to avoid me — which I obviously let her do.When she really wanted my attention though was when I’d spotted a beautiful green snake in a tree (non-venomous, as conrmed by Doug) and Sandi and I were trying to photograph it. She nearly pushed the tree over onto us in order to be noticed!Her problems appeared to be truly psycho-somatic. Using a mix of techniques to calm her involuntary mechanism (IVM) I could intermittently work with her. When she did engage with me it was very humbling.All in all the treatment and training went far better than I could have wished for. e other wildlife encounters were equally memorable, including lion walking through the camp when I was on my own — certainly exciting, as was the wild elephant family that decided to move in one night, and which we had to coax away from our tents and solar panels, armed with nothing more than torches and a small can of pepper spray (only to be used if one gets right in your face, I was told!). I was more worried I’d spray myself in the face if it had come to that!e monkeys, baboon, hornbills and squirrels all made it great, as did the male bush buck that slept outside my tent most nights, except for the rst night when I saw a hyena snout trying to push through the mesh next to where I was sleeping. To me this was what I’d come to experience.Even when I le there were two big male lion resting in the shade of the trees 100yds from where I had to board my light aircra to re-join civilisation. What a send o. What an experience.My thanks to Douglas and Sandi groves for welcoming me into their lives, for being such receptive students of osteopathy, and the continuing work we are doing; and a massive thank you to my sponsor, Kaye Nicholson who made the trip possible in the rst place.Finally, I owe a huge thank you to Jabu, and Morula for allowing me into their world.Tony Nevin, BSc (Hons) Ost, DO is Clinical Director on the MSc Animal Osteopathy programme, run through the McTimoney College of Chiropractic, Oxon. He also lectures nationally and internationally; runs unique wildlife workshops; and is a prolic writer, presenter, and broadcaster. His radio show “The Missing Link” on Corinium Radio is the only one of it’s kind and is rapidly gaining a loyal listenership.For more than 6 years he chaired The Society of Osteopaths in Animal Practice (SOAP), which recently changed its name to the Association of Animal Osteopaths (AAO). For more information contact Tony at +44 7831 759339 www.zooost.comwww.horseost.co.uk www.coriniumradio.co.uk31Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
32Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018ACCORDING to the latest research, more than half the dogs in Britain are obese or overweight. You may think that the main cause is too much food and too little exercise, but it isn’t. e leading culprit is modern, processed dog food. Modern dog food is high in simple carbohydrate, low in protein and full of harmful fats – a fatal and fattening combination if you happen to be a dog. Even many of the so-called diet dog foods follow the same formula. I can’t understand why manufacturers, who must know the truth of what I am saying, don’t tell their customers. Possibly it is because modern dog food is indescribably protable.At any rate, if your dog is battling the bulge, the answer is to stop feeding dried or canned food and to switch him or her to a natural diet. at is to say, the diet he or she would eat in the wild. It’s simple to make at home and the pounds will fall away as if by magic. Best of all, on the diet I recommend your dog will be able to maintain a healthy weight without ever feeling hungry.How do I know all this? Ten years ago, I started feeding my own dogs a natural diet with great success. Friends and neighbours asked me to make extra food for their four-legged family members and over time I turned what I was doing into a small, artisan business. Nowadays, my colleagues and I feed several thousand dogs a month. One of the things I noticed early on was that when overweight dogs switched to a natural diet they slimmed down without any apparent eort. is led me to conduct a series of experiments and trials. I wrote my ndings up in a report, which was peer-reviewed by 20 vets, all of whom were happy to endorse my work. at report has now been published as a plain-English book: e Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan: Why You Never See a Fat Wolf.What do wolves have to do with it? Dogs and grey wolves are essentially the same species. In fact, they are so closely related that they can interbreed. True, over thousands of years, we humans have changed the external appearance of our domesticated dogs. But inside they remain 100% wolf. is is especially true of their digestive systems and it is why dogs thrive on the same diet as a wolf. Wolves and dogs are carnivores. ey can and do eat vegetables and fruit. But their primary source of nutrition is prey – everything from mice and rabbits to sheep and deer. ey eat the whole animal, too, including its bones (which provide about a third of their nutrition) and even (disgusting as it sounds) the contents of the stomach. e main reason why you never see a fat wolf is because they are eating their ideal diet – that is to say the diet which their digestive system can process most eciently.As most of us do not want to introduce prey into the home the best alternative is to feed our dogs a domestic version of a wild diet. at is to say: raw meat, raw bone and raw vegetables/fruit. is is referred to by scientists as a ‘species appropriate diet’ and it is the perfect option for all dogs, but especially for those with weight issues.Which brings me to the Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan. Unusually for any diet, it doesn’t involve counting calories. Instead, the amount you feed is linked to the weight of your dog. For a dog weighing over 10kg with its heart set on a smaller collar size, I usually recommend 1.5% of its bodyweight every day. So, a 20kg dog would receive 300g of food. e food itself would consist of roughly a third meat, a third bone and a third vegetables/fruit using any of the ingredients listed later in this article. It is as simple as that.e Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan oers many other benets. You can obtain all the ingredients from a supermarket or butcher. Preparation need only take a couple of minutes a day. Your dog will lose fat and not muscle mass, which is much healthier. Research has shown that because it is the dog’s natural diet they feel fuller and are less inclined to look at you imploringly for more food. Dogs love the taste and texture of the food. It may help clear up other medical issues, including skin complaints, allergies and digestive problems. Why you never see a fat wolfHow modern dog food is making our dogs obese (and what to do about it)by Vicky MarshallLUCKY DOG WEIGHT LOSS PLAN
33Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018You may be asking yourself whether it really matters that your dog is carrying a little extra weight. If you care about your dog’s health, then the answer is it does matter. Excess weight will reduce your dog’s life expectancy and will make him or her prone to all sorts of serious health problems, including joint disease, arthritis, heart disease, hypertension, respiratory problems, asthma, pancreatitis, diabetes, liver disease, skin issues, cancer and a compromised immune system. Anyway, thanks to the Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan, slimming your dog down will be both quick and easy. The Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan made easyIt’s based on weight not caloriesThe amount you feed is based on the weight of the dog.Example: a dog weighing 20kg would be fed 1.5% of its own bodyweight every day: 1.5% of 20kg is 300g.There are three core ingredientsThe three core ingredients are raw meat, raw bone and raw vegetables/fruit. These ingredients are tame versions of what your dog would eat in the wild, which is prey! It has to be Vicky Marshall is the author of The Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan. Why You Never See a Fat Wolf published by Anima.The Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan is suitable for all dogs. However, if your dog has had recent surgery or has health issues you should consult a vet before making any change to his or her diet. Remember to observe appropriate hygiene standards when handling raw food. raw because dogs don’t cook in the wild!The proportions should be equalFeed approximately a third raw meat, a third raw bone and a third raw fruit/vegetables. Approximately? Yes! The percentages don’t have to be 100% accurate every day, providing you balance things out over a period of a week or two. In the wild, dogs eat what is available and receive the nutrition they need over time.Choose just about any raw meatBeef, chicken, lamb, rabbit, pork, venison, duck, turkey... you can use any fresh, raw meat you like. The better the quality, the higher the nutritional value. Variety is important, but it is better not to mix the meats up in a single meal.The bones must be rawDogs have no trouble digesting raw bones but cooked bones are harder and may splinter. Almost any bone is suitable but avoid anything that your dog can swallow whole or which is sharp. There is lots of advice on feeding bones to be found in my book or online and I recommend reading up on the subject rst. Bones are not only highly nutritious they are also nature’s toothbrush and will help keep your dog’s teeth clean. Beef marrow bones, by the way, are delicious (to your dog) but the marrow is fattening and so should be fed in moderation.You can’t go wrong with wingsChicken wings are the perfect parcel of bone and meat, although you may want to remove the skin as it is quite fattening.Raw vegetables and fruitRaw vegetables and fruit provide your dog with nutrition, vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, enzymes, antioxidants, bre and other benets. Almost all vegetables and fruits (without stones) are perfect. However, avoid starchy vegetables (such as potatoes), onions, avocado, high sugar fruits (such as grapes) and certain nuts (such as macadamia). Weight of Dog Amount of Food 11Kg + 1.5% 9-10Kg 2% 5-8Kg 3% 3-4Kg 5% 1-2Kg 7%
34Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018How Honey’s helps elderly, poorly and overweight dogsPhone: 01672 620 260 (Mon-Fri 9am-5pm) Email: info@honeysrealdogfood.comwww.honeysrealdogfood.comIf you are responsible for looking after an elderly, poorly or overweight dog then we would like to help. We can offer you expert advice and information on every aspect of canine nutrition and health. If you are interested (but you will be under no pressure to order) we can also supply food. In case you are unfamiliar with Honey’s, we are a small, artisan dog food producer based in Pewsey, Wiltshire. We believe dogs are healthier and happier on a species appropriate (or raw) food diet. We also believe that the quality of the ingredients makes a huge difference to the nutritional value (and benets) of the food. Which is why all the meat and vegetables we use are British, fresh, suitable for human consumption and ethically sourced. We are, incidentally, a certied organic producer. If you would like to know more about what we can offer and, perhaps, free copies of our various books and guides, please don’t hesitate to get in touch. We welcome new customers, incidentally, with a variety of special offers including a Half Price Hamper.Free, unlimited access to our Health Care TeamThe Honey’s Health Care Team (vets, vet nurses, nutritionists and other canine health experts) are happy to provide unlimited dietary and health advice, free of charge, to anyone who contacts us. There is no need to become a customer. We offer a special, lean Prescription Range The Honey’s Prescription Range combines all the benefits of raw feeding with all the benefits of leaner recipes. We offer Lean Pork, Lean Turkey, Lean Lamb and Lean Duck using raw, British, fresh, free range meat and bone and seasonal vegetables. The ingredients are all suitable for human consumption. The lower levels of protein (compared to other meats such as rabbit or game) make our Prescription Range ideal for senior and less active dogs. They provide support to kidneys and liver. The lower levels of fat in all these recipes make it suitable for dogs suffering from pancreatitis, colitis and hepatitis. They are also ideal for post-operative recovery and general digestive issues such as flatulence and soft stools. The recipes are naturally high in glucosamine (and therefore offers higher levels of bioavailability) which means they are good for joints (we would recommend this over a supplement, which will have lower levels of bioavailability). The recipes are naturally high in moisture to help hydration, digestion and to support kidneys in senior dogs. All the recipes are ‘pure’ and may help dogs with allergies.We offer a pure, certied Organic Range If you are looking for raw dog food that is guaranteed to be as pure and unadulterated as possible then the new Honey’s Organic Working Dog Food range is the best possible option. The meat, the bone and the vegetables all come from certified organic farmers and are made into food in our certified organic premises in Pewsey, Wiltshire. All our ingredients are British and all are fresh i.e. suitable for human consumption.Lucky the dog that loses weight the Honey’s wayWe have become expert in helping dogs lose a few pounds and drop down a collar size or two while still maintaining optimum health. Vicky, one of our founders, has even written a book about it called The Lucky Dog Weight Loss Plan. Dogs following the plan lose the right sort of weight and do not suffer from hunger pangs.We invest in researchTo the best of our knowledge we are the only artisan, raw dog food producer that invests in detailed research into the benefits of species appropriate or raw feeding for dogs. We analyse our ingredients and recipes on a regular basis to ensure that they meet nutritional requirements. We make sure that our complete dog food is compliant with the European Pet Food Industry Association (FEDIAF) nutritional guidelines (we don’t have much faith in these guidelines but we comply with them). We study the effects of raw feeding on a dog’s general health and fitness. You can be confident that the claims we make regarding raw feeding are supported by scientific fact.
35Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018A natural way to treat stress and anxiety in pets• Helps all pets with fi rework phobias and other stress or anxiety related issues• Works with pet’s own natural calming mechanisms• Clinically proven and fast acting• Made from natural ingredients including Valerian root, Vetiver, Basil, and Clary Sage essential oilsAvailable from your vet, local pet shop, (including Pets at Home and Pets Corner), or direct from www.petremedy.co.uk t: 01803 612772 • Visit our social media pages for hundreds of reviewsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in petsstress and anxiety in pets Helps all pets with fi rework Helps all pets with fi rework natural calming mechanismsnatural calming mechanismsnatural calming mechanismsand Clary Sage essential oilsand Clary Sage essential oilsand Clary Sage essential oilsLocate the plug diuser in room where your pet spends the most time. Ambient and constant slow release makes Pet Remedy all the more eective. Suitable for all pets including birds and reptiles.Starts to help instantly and ideal for separation anxiety, reworks, new home, bonding, and any other stressful situation.You can also use the calming spray which is water based and pH neutral, on the pet bedding, bandana, or even spray a little on your ngers and gently rub around muzzle, under chin, and top of chest! Jo Hinde from the RWAF suggests spraying a little on a damp cloth or ngers and gently rubbing around muzzles of rabbits. This helps with scent swapping when bonding as well as calming. This same procedure can be used for other pets with equally good results!As a rule, best not to spray directly on a pet. This avoids any association of the spray with the stressful situation. When out walking or training an anxious dog, spray a little on a bandana or spray a little on a damp cloth or your ngers and gently rub around the pet’s muzzle and top of chest. (same applies for horses.) You can even spray a little on your trouser leg and bring the dog to heel to take in the actives!Use the calming wipe in the same way as you would with the calming spray by gentle rubbing around muzzle, under chin and top of chest of your pet (including horses!). Or you can rub on your ngers before handling an anxious pet. It can be used to wipe down surfaces such as an examination or grooming bench top. You can also tie to a cat basket when travelling to vet or place on bedding in home and car!A great advantage of Pet Remedy apart from being a natural option, is that it starts to help instantly. This is because of the way it works. the low concentration Valerian based formulation works with the pet's (and all other mammals, reptiles, and birds) natural calming pathways. This means the actives in the Pet Remedy formulation mimic GABA (the natural calming agent in mammals)and thus help trick red up / excited nerve cells (when the pet is stressed or anxious) into thinking they are getting a message from the brain to calm. It is now used on a daily basis by vets, vet nurses, rescue centres , pet professionals (such as behaviourists, trainers, and groomers), and even zoos all over the world!How to use Pet Remedy with your Pet
36Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018MUSLADINLUEKE SYNDROME (MLS), commonly known as Chinese Beagle syndrome, is a hereditory recessive disorder found in Beagle dogs that manifests with extensive brosis of the skin and joints caused by gene defects aecting brillin-1, a major component of tissue microbrils (Bader et al, 2010).Typically, aected beagles have shorter outer toes and walk very upright on their front feet resembling a ballerina stance on digits 3 and 4. In some cases, all four feet are aected. ey have tighter skin with limited scru and their bodies feel hard due to tight tendons and muscles. Oen, they appear very well muscled, almost hypertrophied to an extent, with a noticeably at skull, higher ear set, ear folds, extra ear cartilage and slanted eyes (Siracusa et al, 2017). Generally, these dogs are shorter than the average beagle.Oen this can be diagnosed at approximately 2-4 weeks of age, but the syndrome progressively worsens until about 1 year of age when the dog stabilises. ere is also varying degrees of “aectedness” and many aspects of the syndromes traits should be considered before a diagnosis of the syndrome or potential MLS carrier. e only way to ensure a 100% diagnosis is a genetic marker test, mainly available in the States.Due to such limited research into MLS, treatment was based on the human disease geleophysic dysplasia – a similar condition, where replacement of tissues with collagen causing inability to ex joints. In people, it is managed with analgesia and physiotherapy, with the potential to use muscle relaxants in severe cases, but has limited value.Beagle Body Builders: A rare genetic syndromeby Jemma Cooper-Boot BSc RVN Dip. Ani. Phys MIAATMUSLADIN-LUEKE SYNDROMEMILLY – Neutered Female Beagle – approximately 4y 5mMilly arrived at a local re-homing centre in April 2017, and presented with clinical symptoms typical of MLS. She displayed a very sti, prancing gait, with all 4 limbs in rigid extension during ambulation, walking very upright on all four feet. Tail carriage was low and tail tone rigid. There was excessive wear on digit 3 and 4 nails on all four feet, with the front feet being worst aected. She had a very limited range of movement in her limb joints, conscious, and under general anaesthetic. To be able to get up a curb, she would need to lean backwards onto her hind limbs and lurch forwards with straight forelimbs in order to get clearance. To sit, she could only put her hind limbs protracted straight out in front of her, and generally stays 'sat' for only a few seconds before lying down with full protraction of her forelimbs. She was much happier to be exercised on grass areas than on concrete and would always avoid hard grounded areas. She was initially very wary of having her forelimbs/ forefeet touched, mainly due to how sore her feet and nails were from walking on 'tip toes'. Milly found, and still nds it, very challenging to remain focused in her sessions, and generally acts very hyperactive in most situations.After a few physiotherapy consultations, changes in her behaviour and movements became apparent. She was able to reach further with her back legs and able to scratch her ears, her sit became more exed at the stie and she was able to hold it for longer periods of time. She began to play more with toys and people as she gained more function and movement, and her exion and extension of all joints improved with every session. 7 months on, she is well settled into a routine with her new owners, incorporating physiotherapy techniques into every day life. Flexion and extension in her joints seemed to hit a plateau, but her muscle tone continues to improve.CHESTER – Neutered Male Beagle – approximately 5y 3mChester arrived in a local re-homing centre in October 2017, and presented with clinical symptoms typical of MLS. Again, he showed a very sti, prancing gait, with all 4 limbs in rigid extension during ambulation, very upright feet, but with a high rigid tail carriage. Excessive wear was noted on digit 3 and 4 of the forelimb nails and of most nails on the hind limbs. Chester appeared to not be as badly eected as Milly, and had more exion and extension of joints, and walked slightly atter footed. He was also calmer than Milly, but instead used his voice to show his appreciation – often! Again, Chester, similar to Milly, has problems with getting onto objects such as curbs, sofas and avoided hard grounded areas.Chester received the same treatment protocol Milly undertook, and similar changes were noted. They found that after a couple of months of sessions, he was able to scratch his ear with his back foot, not just ick the pinna, he had started curling into a ball – a 'fox-like' position to sleep and became more playful and interactive. Chester also began to have a scru again, and the skin really loosened around his neck, chest and over his back. Chester continues to improve with the physiotherapy sessions and home exercises undertaken with his foster carers.
37Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Treatment for both cases involved red light phototherapy to encourage cell regeneration, repair, circulation and endorphine release prior to massage. It was also used to support skin exibility as these dogs suered with very taught, 'stuck' skin. A variety of massage techniques were used, but it became apparent that these animals found the rmer types of massage, such as trigger point therapy more uncomfortable than patients not suering with MLS. Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field erapy was used over main muscle groups to increase blood ow, encourage removal of toxins and allow fresh nutrients and oxygen to the muscles to promote repair and normal function (please see protocol for treatment details).Home regimes involved heat therapy, massage and basic physiotherapy exercises, such as passive range of movement, sit to stand exercises, proprioceptive path walking and active REFERENCESBader, H. L., Ruhe, A. L., Wang, L. W., Wong, A. K,., Walksh, K. F., Packer, R. A., Mitelman, J.,, Robertson, K. R., O'Brien, D. P., Broman, K. W., Shelton, G. D., Apte, S. S., and Ne, M. W., (2010). An ADAMTSL2 Founder Mutation Casues Musladin-Lueke Syndrome, a Heritable Disorder of Beagle Dogs, Featuring Sti Skin and Joint Contructures, Journal Pone, 0012817.Siracusa, A., Raschi, A., Mnannucci, T., Matteini, A., Carlucci, F., and Citi, S., (2017). Musladin- Leuke Syndrom's Beagle: rst Italian report, Veterinaria (cremona), Vol 31, No1, pp 51-55.JEMMA COOPER-BOOTBSc RVN Dip. Ani. Phys MIAATAfter completing a degree in Equine Science in 2009 through the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Jemma went on to gain her Registered Veterinary Nurse qualication in 2014, working within a busy mixed practice in South Wales. This allowed Jemma to further her Veterinary knowledge and understanding of both small animal and equines. During her education, Jemma always had a a keen interest in physiotherapy techniques, so it was only natural that she undertook the animal physiotherapist qualication with The College of Animal Physiotherapy Ltd. She works closely with vets and has worked in practice to rehabilitate many dogs undergoing orthopaedic procedures, neurological conditions and various ailments through the methods of physiotherapy and veterinary nursing combined.stretches, being performed on a daily basis. Protective dog boots were a necessity in improving the condition of their feet and protecting their nails and pads from abrasive surfaces. ese boots were used in both dogs with massive positive eects, not only physically, but improved their behaviour becoming keener to exercise and allowed touching of their feet. A strict feeding regime was implemented with both cases to ensure no weight gain, as keeping these animals in an ideal body condition score (as with any animal) will immensely aid their joints and muscles.Both these animals continue with regular physiotherapy sessions, but without a home plan and owner compliance I doubt that the results seen would be as positive, not only for the patients, but their owners as well!Chester
38Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018THERE is a lot of interest in canine conditioning, and many dogs and their handlers are doing activities that have the aim of ‘core conditioning’. Here we explore what ‘conditioning’ is, and why correct core conditioning is invaluable for your dog, whatever their age or tness level.Every dog working with us starts with Foundation conditioning to create core strength from the inside out, to stabilise posture and alignment.We teach dog enthusiastists, competitors, therapists and trainers our science and research based Foundation 2 dayworkshops. And for handlers wanting canine specic sport science there is the CCA Instructor programme. It teaches all elements of total tness covering balance, exibility, strength, range of motion and utilises neuromuscular techniques new to the world of canine conditioning. We started the Canine Conditioning Academy from a conversation about common canine injuries, which we believe can be directly linked to weak ‘cores’. So the challenge was to discover if there were facts to back up our opinions. Our view is that a weak core is invariably due to overdevelopment of supercial muscles in puppyhood – at the cost of under-development of the deep stabilising and core muscles. In addition most dogs are poorly connected between brain and back legs, the back legs just following on, and lack conscious control.This is where a conditioning programme, as opposed to canine physical tness sessions or sport specic training, willbe invaluable. A denition is that ‘Conditioning exercises are body movements that increase athletic skill and physical tness while decreasing the likelihood of sports injuries’. (Wisegeek.)Foundation tness – CCA research based scientically proven exercise and stretching programme So our next step was to devise body movements that will redress the poor core activation. Our FoundationConditioning Programme was developed from remedial techniques for humans, horses and dogs. Importantly forus it is based upon current and credible scientic research that establishes that selected movements, performedcorrectly, switch ON core muscles.The 6 week CCA programme, taught on Foundation 2 day workshop, uses specic core strengthening exercises and stretches. All dogs, whatever breed, age, apparent physical tness and competitive levels will start with our Foundation level before they can progress to Intermediate and Advanced Conditioning. At all levels the activity items are easy to set up and source and we don’t use instability equipment. We use clear static and dynamic assessments to really look at each dog. It’s eye opening to see what apparently t dogs nd really dicult!CCA Canine Condition Assessments - 2 Exercises to Test Your Dog’s Core, Posture and Muscle Recruitment Try out some dynamic assessments below. It’s challenging for you and your dog to to use slow control to test and target muscle groups. Safety note, please read all through before you start.Leg LiftsHUMAN: when standing, lift one leg o the oor by 5 to 10cm, hold for at least 15 secs. Do both legs, which one isbetter/easier? As a biped this exercise is more about balance than engaging core. Repeat with your arms folded across your chest. For some fun try this exercise with your eyes closed, there is science to explain why this is more dicult!CANINE: In order for a quadruped to have an easy balance on three legs they need to engage their core. With your dog stood square, and ensuring neck and spine are in a natural relaxed alignment lift one front paw o the ground. Lift front leg gently from behind and above the wrist, and raise from the ground by only 3 or 4 cms, take into account the size of the dog! A small leg lift is enough, with a short hold up to 10 seconds. Work around each leg. With the back leg hold behind the leg below the hock, make a small lift to clear the ground and so that the dog is standing on 3 legs.Canine Core StrengtheningFoundation Conditioningby Emma Overend and Roz Davies38Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
39Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Is each leg lift soft, smooth and easy? Does the dog resist the lift? If so stop and put the paw back on the oor. Doeseach leg feel the same weight in your hand? Are some legs easier than others? Does your dog nd it easy to balance on three legs when stood square, or do they lean or become unsteady? This is a good test to see how quickly andeectively your dog engages it’s core. As a quadruped this is about stability using the core, not just a balance exercise.Active SitsHUMAN: Stand in front of the chair you are going to sit on. Very, very slowly sit into the chair. Repeat 3 more times,even more slowly. Did both sides work the same or was one side dierent as your muscles really worked to make the sit? When sitting down, put one hand on each cheek of your backside and very slowly go from sit to stand. Did youfeel the squeeze of the biggest muscles of your body, the gluteals? They should contract to move you to a standingposition. Or, did your knees go in towards each other as you incorrectly used muscles on the front of your legs to standup from sit? Poor gluteal recruitment can change posture, cause lower back pain and knee joint issues.CANINE: With your dog standing in front of you, and with their neck in a neutral position (not looking up to you, witha small dog you may need to sit on the oor) ask the dog to sit, slowly. Repeat 5 more times aiming for slow sits.Observe the positioning, are the legs square to the body equally on both sides? Is it a slump without muscular controlor are there tight areas which prevent your dog from being comfortable in a square sit? Does it increase in diculty withrepetition/slowness? Is squareness maintained?Then you are going to ask the dog for a sit to stand. The aim is to observe the way that your dog pushes up from the backlegs. If they have to move forward with front legs during the slow, active stand, that is ne unless they are pulling forward to use front end to achieve the stand position. Repeat 5 times, keep neck in natural alignment. Does the stand, pushing up with back legs, use slow and even movement with each leg working the same way? Does the dog nish the active sit to stand in a square stood position? Does the slow movement tire your dog? In the same way as in humans, your dog may not be able to use the correct muscles to push up from a sit. They may not understand how to slowly push up, a move which requires stability, core control and brain to back legs connection.At our workshops we like to get the humans and dogs engaging specic muscle groups as part of structured static and dynamic assessments! It is fun and also very informative. We believe it’s necessary to establish your dog’s initial condition against specic starting points, to ensure your dog is t to train and to provide you with ‘before and after’ repeatable measures.Contact UsEmma Overend and Roz Davies run the Canine Conditioning Academy; It’s the result of over 25 years of experience in bodywork and rehab in equine, human and canine.www.canineconditioningacademy.co.ukinfo@canineconditioningacademy.co.ukwww.CanineConditioningAcademy.co.uk Tel: 07958 656119Courses in total conditioning and fitness for dogsSpeak to us today about the right option for you, your dog or your clients!2 Day Foundation Workshop 32 Day workshop for you and your dog.3Learn a science-based and safe Foundation Fitness and Conditioning programme.Canine Conditioning Instructor Course3Become a professional Conditioning and Fitness Instructor 3Deliver our unique programmes to dog owners and canine professionalsStrength from the inside outFoundation Two day workshop dates:March 24 + 25, April 14 + 15 and New date is: May 10 + 11 2018CCA Foundation, a 2-day workshop for you and your dog. Learn our assessment methods and a 6 week science based exercise programme to switch on the core. CCA Instructor programme follows, which teaches you at Intermediate and Advanced level. 6 in-depth assessment methods and current sports science theory. Licensed CCA instructors design safe, science based programmes and instruct classes for individuals, clubs and any canine activity groups.Contact us to arrange CCA Conditioning classes, a Club talk or host a stand where Instructors can provide free Canine Condition Assessments – active assessments, which include posture, core strength and exibility, and feedback about your dog's tness and condition. 2-day courses awards 16 hours CPD. Courses accredited by UK Rural Skills39Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
40Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018AT this time of year, you may nd your horses plagued by the dreaded mud fever. As a recurring infection a consistent treatment approach is necessary to keep it at bay.I am oen to be found in the muddy elds with my quirky anti-bacterial blue light device. e College of Animal Physiotherapy recently introduced phototherapy wands to be used with the Magnetopulse which feature a single LED bulb (either red or blue light) to apply light to restricted areas. I use a length of bamboo cane with the blue light wand taped to one end, a sort of arm-lengthening contraption!Sherry’s Blogby Sherry Scott MBEFighting mud fever with blue lightis versatility means I can go into a eld of unbroken, young horses and apply the blue light at a safer distance and without bringing them into a stable – they are happier among their friends.Aer the treatment, Stud employee Iulian (from Romania) applies a thick paste as a remedy with a ‘splat’, and the movement pushes away some of the dirt. Sometimes we need a good clean also, but mostly we’ve applied the blue light and then the ‘splat’. is two-pronged approach has been eective on the Stud population. e recipe is made up of 3 scoops udder cream, 1 scoop sulphur powder and 1 scoop pig oil.In my experience over the years I have found that the application of blue light is painful to a horse with mud fever, which is useful to conrm the diagnosis. It can be tricky to treat but done daily it is very eective at supressing the infection and keeping it in check. Once the painful stage has passed we are simply monitoring and giving the occasional covering of blue light to keep it at bay.ese photos demonstrate how I administer the blue light to a horse who has been successfully treated for mud fever, with Iulian who puts on the tried and tested potion aer blue light treatment.40Animal Therapy Magazine | AUTUMN 2017
41Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018The College of Animal Physiotherapyis the longest-established animal physiotherapy college in the UK and trains students from around the worldAnimal PhysiotherapyIs this the career for you?There’s no need to be a human physiotherapist rst! Visit our website to see how we can help you develop your skills or start a new career.Our Equine and Canine Massage courses will complement and develop your work with animals.01844 290545 admin@tcap.co.uk www.tcap.co.uk Magnetopulse II Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field machine Blue and red light phototherapy plus six different magnetic field frequencies enabling a wide range of therapy treatments for joints, bones, ligaments and muscles Package includes: Magnetopulse II unit, phototherapy head, leg applicator and charger. RRP: £900 +VAT Promotional price: £700 +VAT Dual outputs allow two applicators to be used together. Other accessories are available. We also stock Electrovet and Long and Shortwave Ultrasound machines. Please contact us for a price list, training opportunities and CPD. The College of Animal Physiotherapy admin@tcap.co.uk | www.tcap.co.uk | 01844 290545 magnetopulse IIPulsed Electro-Magnetic Field machineBlue and red light phototherapy plus six different magnetic eld frequencies enabling a wide range of therapy treatments for joints, bones, ligaments and muscles.Dual outputs allow two applicators to be used together. Other accessories are available.Package includes:Magnetopulse II unit, phototherapy head, leg applicator and charger.RRP: £900 +VATPromotional price: £750 +VATMagnetopulse II Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field machine Blue and red light phototherapy plus six different magnetic field frequencies enabling a wide range of therapy treatments for joints, bones, ligaments and muscles Package includes: Magnetopulse II unit, phototherapy head, leg applicator and charger. RRP: £900 +VAT Promotional price: £700 +VAT Dual outputs allow two applicators to be used together. Other accessories are available. We also stock Electrovet and Long and Shortwave Ultrasound machines. Please contact us for a price list, training opportunities and CPD. The College of Animal Physiotherapy admin@tcap.co.uk | www.tcap.co.uk | 01844 290545 We also stock Electrovet and Long and Shortwave Ultrasound machines.Please contact us for a price list, training opportunities and CPD.01844 290545admin@tcap.co.ukwww.tcap.co.ukWe are working for excellence in animaltherapy through ourregistered animal therapistsIAAT exists to provide vets, owners and insurance companies with a register of trained professionals in a number of disciplines: Physiotherapy Osteopathy Animal Manipulation Massage HydrotherapyIAAT is run by its members, for its members andis committed to providing a professional andproactive association. It is a high profile organisation that boasts a large number of international members.To find a fully qualified and insured therapist please use our postcode search on our website: www.iaat.org.ukTo register as a therapist, or for more information, please contact: info@iaat.org.uk or 01844 290545We are working for excellence in animaltherapy through ourregistered animal therapistsIAAT exists to provide vets, owners and insurance companies with a register of trained professionals in a number of disciplines: Physiotherapy Osteopathy Animal Manipulation Massage HydrotherapyIAAT is run by its members, for its members andis committed to providing a professional andproactive association. It is a high profile organisation that boasts a large number of international members.To find a fully qualified and insured therapist please use our postcode search on our website: www.iaat.org.ukTo register as a therapist, or for more information, please contact: info@iaat.org.uk or 01844 290545
42Animal Therapy Magazine | WINTER 2018Supply and Service of Medical Devicestrimbio offers a vast range of products all at very competitive pricesAnimal Therapy Products Vetkin-Tape® Kinesiology TapeWe also offer a range of Reconditioned Devices including Ultrasound, Laser, Doppler, Infusion Pumps and more for Veterinary use, please visit our website for more details.Extra Wobble CushionThis large wobble cushion (55cm dia.) is ideal for animals as £33.95 +VATVet H-WaveThe Vet H-Wave uses a signal that is natural to the body. It emulates the H waveform found in nerve signals and therefore enables greater and deeper penetration £1695.00 +VATIntelect Mobile Ultrasound with Pro Carry BagThis unit is ideal for animal therapy where the unit can be powered by battery whilst in its carry bag, and be protected from the elements. Call for latest pricing offerHand Held LaserA hand held system that does not require protective glasses and runs off standard AA batteries. The unit is extremely hard wearing, portable and effective within supercial and soft tissue injuries.Intelect Mobile Laser PackagesThese packages are ideal for all Animal Therapy Practicians as we can mix and match the probes & clusters to suit the required eld of treatment.£295.00 +VAT2 limbs can be easily placed on the cushion, for balance and proprioception work.01403 597597 www.trimbio.co.uk sales@trimbio.co.ukCall for latest pricing offerof a low frequency current, whilst using signicantly less power than other machines.Vetkin-Tape® is a tape that sticks well and gives the maximum results for animals, as it is 20% larger than Human tapes.£9.95 +VATanimal therapy ad 09 17.indd 1 22/09/2017 13:37
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