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Message MADE BY : GROUP16ASSIGMENT CASE STUDYINTEGRITY AND ANTI-CORRUPTIONMPU 1062_DT H I E FO n e c e n tA m a n S h a h

Crew membersMOHAMADNOORHAFIZ BINAZMYE16JULIANA BINTIAMIRNURSYAFIRAHANIS BINTIMOHAMAD NAZLAN NURULSHAHIDA BINTIMOHD SHAHRILANUARNUR IZATULSYAHIRA BINTIMAT ALIAS301330301343304899298547298850

1 - 29 - 1213-1617Definition of Integrity & Corruption and Case OverviewDetail about the caseEffect on the country, Ethical and moral, and hopeGraphic and figure1.0 Introduction2.0 Analysis of the case3.0 Reflection 4.0 Conclusion 5.0 References TABLEcontentsof 3 - 8

"The definition of Integrity"In practice, integrity is demonstratedthrough two key elements: personalcharacter and moral behavior.Personal character includes traits likehonesty, accountability, and reliability,forming the foundation for ethicalactions. Moral behavior, on the otherhand, refers to adherence to ethicalstandards and societal norms, ensuringthat decisions are not only beneficialbut also just and fair. Together, theseelements create a strong sense oftrustworthiness and moral clarity. From an organizational perspective,integrity is reflected in transparentsystems, ethical decision-making, andadherence to best practices.Institutions that prioritize integritybuild trust with their stakeholders,foster accountability, and contributepositively to societal development.Policies and processes rooted inintegrity ensure fairness and equality,reinforcing the organization'sreputation and long-term success. Integrity is the foundation of ethical behavior, characterizedby unwavering honesty, adherence to moral principles, andtransparency in actions. It reflects the alignment ofthoughts, words, and deeds with strong ethical values,ensuring that decisions and behaviors remain consistent andtrustworthy. The term "integrity" originates from the Latinword integritas, meaning wholeness or completeness,signifying an inner unity that encompasses honesty, moralcourage, and accountability. According to Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP, 1985),integrity embodies the idea of perfection and completeness.This "wholeness" implies the absence of deceit, corruption,or malice, reinforcing the importance of truthfulness andfairness in every action. Integrity is not limited to individualbehavior but extends to communities and organizations,influencing how values and principles are upheldcollectively. In summary, integrity is not just apersonal virtue but a societalimperative. It underpins trust,strengthens relationships, and ensuresharmony and growth across all aspectsof life. As highlighted by Dewan Bahasadan Pustaka, integrity remains acornerstone of ethical behavior,driving individuals and organizations touphold principles that benefit thegreater good.1.0 INTRODUCTION1MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

"The definition of Corruption"The consequences of corruption are far-reaching and damaging. It disrupts governance, weakens institutional integrity, anddeters investment, which ultimately impedes national development. When corruption becomes widespread, publicconfidence in a system's ability to deliver fairness and justice diminishes significantly. Addressing corruption requiresstrong governance, transparency, and collective responsibility to protect the nation’s future. By understanding itscomplexities and consequences, society can foster a culture of integrity and accountability, ensuring sustainable growthand societal well-being.Corruption is defined as unethical or illegal actionsundertaken by individuals or groups in positions ofauthority, aiming to secure personal benefits at the expenseof public trust. It often involves bribery, which is the act ofoffering, giving, receiving, or soliciting anything of value toinfluence decisions, as well as embezzlement, whereentrusted funds or assets are stolen or misused. Anothercommon form is the abuse of power, where individualsexploit their authority to gain undue advantages orsuppress others. Fraud, which includes deceptive practicesintended to secure financial or personal benefits, andnepotism or cronyism, where friends or relatives arefavored in appointments or contracts regardless of merit,are also forms of corruption.Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for personalgain, often involving dishonest or fraudulent practices thatundermine ethical standards and legal frameworks. Itoccurs when individuals in positions of authority exploittheir roles to benefit themselves or others, bypassingestablished rules and principles. Corruption manifests invarious forms, including bribery, embezzlement, favoritism,and abuse of power, with impacts that extend far beyondthe immediate parties involved.According to the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission(MACC), corruption cases often involve offering or receivingbribes as outlined in Sections 16 and 17 of the MACC Act2009, submitting false claims under Section 18, andmisusing positions for personal benefit under Section 23.These actions not only violate ethical norms but also erodesocietal trust in institutions, hinder economic progress, anddeepen inequality.Corruption weakens institutional trust and fairness, leadingto poor governance, reduced investments, and uneveneconomic growth. Its prevalence stifles innovation, createsinefficiencies, and undermines public welfare. Addressingcorruption requires a comprehensive approach, includingthe implementation of stringent legal frameworks,transparent governance systems, ethical leadership, andactive public participation. Nations must prioritize anti-corruption efforts to ensure accountability and foster anequitable environment for growth and development.2MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

Aman Shah Ahmad,born in 1966 in Malaysia, began hisprofessional journey as a military officerbefore transitioning into the field oftechnology and banking. With a strongacademic background in technology from alocal university, he displayed exceptional skillsin computer systems, which paved the way fora promising career. Aman Shah later joinedHok Bank as a system technician, where hisexpertise earned him significantresponsibilities in managing financial systems.However, Aman Shah’s career took a darkturn when he exploited his technicalknowledge to commit financial fraud. Duringhis tenure at Hok Bank, he misappropriatedRM 50,000 by manipulating the bank’ssystems, breaching both institutionalregulations and ethical norms. His actionswere uncovered during an internal audit,leading to his arrest and subsequentconviction. He was sentenced to one year inprison, marking the downfall of a career oncefilled with potential.This case...CASE OVERVIEWwww.integrityandanticorruption.com 1 January, 2025serves as a stark reminder of how corruptioncan undermine professional integrity andpublic trust. Despite his skills and careertrajectory, Aman Shah’s unethical actionsresulted in severe personal and professionalconsequences. His story highlights the criticalneed for robust anti-corruption measures,ethical oversight, and accountability withinorganizations to prevent similar incidents inthe future.3MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

4Around the year 1990, Malaysia wasshocked by the news of a theft involvingone cent stolen from each customeraccount at Huck Hua Bnak. This newscaptured the attention and curiosity ofMalaysians because, through the theft ofjust one cent, a modest lifestyle wastransformed overnight into one of immense wealth, making the perpetrator amilionaire in a short period. Moreover, theextraordinary and almost inconceivablemethod of theft also becoame a topic ofwidespread discussion.The perpetrator of this theft wasidentified as Aman Shah Ahmad’s, whoworked as a bank executive earning amonthly salary of RM 1,800. A fleet ofluxury cars, including a LomborghiniCountach, Porsche 928 S4, PorscheCarrera, Mercedes-Benz 300SL,Mercedes-Benz 300E, and BMW 329l,raised questions about how a bankexecutive with such a modest salarycould afford to own multiple luxurycars.The One-Cent TheftAman Shah Ahmad’s act of stealing one centfrom each customer account at Hock HuaBank can be classified as a white-collarcrime. White-collar crime refers to non-violentoffenses motivated by financial gain.These crimes are typically committed byprofessionals in either the public or privatesector. Such indiduals are commonlyreferred to as white-collar criminals due totheir formal attire, often characterized bywhite shirts and tie. This is because AmanShah’s position as a bank executive isconsidered a professional occupation, whichrequires academic qualifications, specializedskills, and public trust.MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

5Slowly but surely,Slowly but surely,small efforts lead tosmall efforts lead tobig resultsbig resultsAman Shah Ahmad was born on October 9. 1996. He wasknown as asociable individual with manay friend. AmanShah graduated from the Institute of Techonology Mara(now University of Technology Mara) with a degree inaccounting. After completing his studies, he was offereda job at Hock Hua Bank’s Raja Laut branch in KualaLumpur. He held the position of executive, earning asalary of RM 1,800 per month. Recognized as adedicated, intelligent, and efficient employee, AmanShah was entrusted with increasing responsiblities. Dueto his potential and determination, his employeroffered him the opportunity to attend a computingcourse to deepen his understanding of his assignedtasks.Subsequently, Aman Shah was promoted to head theSPEED Processing Department, which managed theElectronic Fund and Securities Transfer System. Withnewfound authority, he began engaging in criminal acts ofbreach of trust and financial misappropriation. Hetransferred one cent from each depositor’s account atHock Hua BAnk to his personal account. Within 14 days, heaccumulated RM4 million. After amassing such asignificant sum, he resigned from his position and beganliving the as a millionaire.As an avid sports car enthusiast, Aman Shah used the money to fulfill his passion. He purchasedsix luxury cars totaling RM3.05 million, all paid in cash. Three of these cars were unregisteredand untaxed imports, while two were registered under his name, and one under his girlfriend’sname, Raha V.V. Aboo. The cars included a Lomborghini Countach, Porsche 928 S4, PorscheCarrera, Mercedes-Benz 300SL, Mercedes-Benz 300E, and BMW 329l. The Lamborghini Countachwas the most expensive, priced at RM1.3 million. Around June 1990, Aman Shah participated in asports car exhibition and was seen driving his Lamborghini countach during leisurely eveningoutings.MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

6However, his wealth and luxury wereshort-lived due to his own indiscretion.During an interview on the morning TVshow “Sekapur Sirih” on TV3 on June 3,1990, Aman Shah openly discussed hiscollection of luxury cars. Proud of hisassets despite being in his 20s, heshared details without consideringpotential repercussions. Coincidentally,his former employer watched the show.Without delay, his formeremployer consulted the auditor toreview all transactions handled byAman Shah. After gatheringsufficient evidence ofmisappropriation, a police reportwas filed at the Campbell PoliceStation on June 8, 1990. Policeinvestigations revealed that AmanShah had breached customersecurity codes, enabling him totransfer funds undetected. Hedeceived Bank Negara Malaysia byissuing false instructions throughthe SPEED system, transferringfunds from Hock Hua BAnk to hisadvertising agency, Bistro, at BankBumiputra Malaysia Bhd.Aman Shah was arrested on June 11,1990, at a condominium in Bangsar. Hewas charged with criminal breach oftrust under Section 408 of the PenalCode and sentenced to five years inprison.MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

7Unluckily, Aman Shah was caught red-handed. In 4th June 1990, Aman Shah wasinvited to popular TV show, “SekapurSirih”. In that interview, Aman Shahshared about his luxury vehicles.Unfortunately, his ex manager alsowatched the TV show. His ex managerwondering how he got all the luxuryvehicles, with monthly salary of justRM1,800. Bring up the issues, the exmanager met with auditor and conductedan audit of all of his transactions involvedby Aman Shah. The ex manager filled apolice report at Campbell Police Stationon the eighth after collecting theevidence.June 1990, Aman Shah was taken intocustody in his luxury condominium inBangsar. The police are certain that aftersuccessfully cracking the security code,he transferred the. money from hiscustomers to his own account,committing this crime. In just 14 days,this RM4 million crime perpetrated. Inthe Kuala Lumpur Sessions Court, AmanShah was charged with embezzling RM4million belonging to Hock Hua Bank. MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 2.1 Government Action and Court Decision

8 Aman Shah was accused ofmultiple acts of power abuse andfour counts of fraud during thecourt proceedings. He transferredfunds to his agency’s account atBank Bumiputra Malaysia Bhd byusing false instructions through theElectronic Transfer System forFunds and Securities to transfermoney to his agency’s account atBank Bumiputra Malaysia Bhd.MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 2.1 Government Action and Court Decision Aman Shah received a term for hisactions, 5 years in prison. However,Aman Shah only completed 3 years and3 months of the sentence. During histime the prison, there’s rumor that incontrast to the majority of prisonerswho given physical tasks, he wasassigned office responsibilities duringhis incarceration since he wasconsidered a special criminal.There arealso rumors that Aman Shah wasoffered a job with the commercial crimedepartment of the Royal MalaysiaPolice, but there is no solid eevidence toconfirm this.

MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 3.0 Reflection 92. Financial loss If this criminal act is not dealt with firmly it hasthe potential to trigger more small crimescommitted by other individuals. Small lossesaccumulated from such actions can have a largeimpact on the economy. This financial lossprevents the country's economic growth becausefunds that should be used for development aregiven to cover leakages due to theft and othersmall crimes. Therefore, even though Aman Shah'scase seems trivial, it actually has far greaterfinancial implications for society and the country.1. Weakness trust in society Even if it starts with a small value stolen fromthe bank of some community it can cause a declinein trust among the community if it is allowed tospread. When the act of stealing is seen assomething that is not serious it will create aculture of dishonesty of an individual. Because ofthis, there is mistrust between individuals in thecommunity to the banking system because peoplestart to doubt. This can cause the community to bemore careful and unwilling to cooperate with thebanking system.3.1 Effect on the country

103. Affecting the national economy Acts of stealing even in small amounts, if donewidely can have a big impact on the country'seconomy. Actions like this involving the leakage ofaccumulated resources can bring significanteconomic losses. In addition, the increase in casesof theft or small crimes will threaten nationalsecurity which requires additional funding fromthe government. In worse situations, crimes thatstart small can develop into corruption or breachof trust on a large scale that lastly prevents thecountry's economic development. MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 4. Threaten national security National security can be seriously compromised when financial institutions becometargets of theft and hacking as the world now relies on technology that poses threatsto sensitive information. Apart from the financial losses suffered by banks andindividuals, such hacking can reveal personal data, account information, as well asfinancial documents that may be used by irresponsible parties for criminal purposessuch as fraud or money theft. This is more worrying if the stolen information involvesstrategic national data such as information about the defense sector or publicsecurity. It can be used by outside parties to plan attacks or activities that aim toundermine political and social stability. In addition, this state of uncertainty has thepotential to disrupt public order and affect the country's competitiveness at theinternational level. Therefore, cyber security needs to be given serious attention as animportant element in ensuring the well-being and sovereignty of the country.

The story of Aman Shah the one-cent thief provides a clear picture of ethical and moralvalues that can be taken as a lesson. From an ethical point of view, the act of stealing andhacking a bank even if it is just one cent in every community bank account still violates theprinciple of justice and respecting the rights of others. Ethics emphasizes the importance ofmaintaining integrity and acting responsibly towards society. Aman Shah by assuming thatstealing small amounts is harmless violates the social norms that set that wrongdoing remainswrong regardless of value. This action shows that ethics requires each individual to evaluateeach of their actions based on rational principles that involve the common good and justice. From a moral point of view, this story reflects the importance of honesty and responsibilitytowards yourself and society. In most moral systems, stealing is considered a sin or an act thatviolates religious and cultural values. Morals teach that every sin no matter how small can leadto bad habits that ultimately destroy a person's character and soul. In Aman Shah's case, thetheft of a small crime not only illustrates a moral violation but also shows how a small wrongaction can grow into a big bad habit. Morality emphasizes the importance of educating theconscience so as not to tolerate small mistakes because a person's morality is formed throughthe small decisions made every day. Finally, this story reminds us that taking care of moralsand ethics is the basis in forming an honorable personality and a harmonious society.113.2 Ethical and Moral MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

12 Through this study, the researchers hope that friends and the community can learn fromthe crime committed by Aman Shah. His act of taking other people's rights even as small as1 cent is a very despicable act and cannot be accepted in a civilized society. Every wrongaction done no matter how small it can have a big impact on the parties involved. Trust insociety will be damaged and relationships between individuals will be affected. If everyindividual starts to consider the act of stealing and hacking even a little bank as somethingthat is not wrong, over time it will cause injustice and disharmony in the society. Therefore,the community should be aware that every wrongdoing, no matter how small, will causeadverse effects not only on the victim but also on themselves and the people around them.As a hope for friends and the entire community, we must always adhere to the principles ofhonesty and integrity in all actions. Each individual needs to cultivate an attitude of mutualrespect and understand that the rights of others are something that needs to be protectedand respected. Let us both try not to slip into actions that damage the harmony of societyand try to avoid actions that can cause harm even as little as 1 cent. With this, thecommunity will continue to progress towards a harmonious, fair, and peace community.3.3 Hope MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

4.0 Conclusion 13 In conclusion, corruption is the multifaceted issues that negatively impactssocieties, economies and governance. It will reduce public trust, the institutionbecome weak and hinder economics development. On a societal level,corruption can affect inequality access to essential services and underminessocial cohesion. Effective measures to combat corruption, such asstrengthening legal frameworks, promoting transparency, and fosteringaccountability, are essential to ensure sustainable development and equitableopportunities for all. Addressing corruption is not only a legal or economic imperative but also amoral responsibility to create a fairer and more just society. Corruption also is apervasive issue that significantly undermines societal progress and stability. Forexample, in economics context, it stifles growth by discouraging foreigninvestment, misallocating resources, and inflating public spending onunnecessary projects.MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION

MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 14 Furthermore, in socially, corruption also can cause inequality byprioritizing the interests of the elite over the general population. In thiscase, Aman Shah claimed that some banking systems in our countryhave too many weaknesses to the point that they can be bypassed byhackers. He also added that he found the bank’s security system stillhad weaknesses and the main mistake was due to cost savings bydeveloping a less- than- optimal security system. Aman Shah also learned about banking operation. Therefore, heknows everything about banking systems. We can look at this caseperspective, Aman Shah was a bank officer that stealing one cent fromeach customer’s account in 1990. One cent or even 50 cents stolenfrom each account would have been difficult to detect with thetechnology of 27 ago. However, this operation would not beensuccessful if it had been carried out today with a sophisticatedtechnology.

MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 15

MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 16Assets are owned by Aman Shah:

Reference1. Iluminasi. (n.d.). Kisah eksekutif bank yang menggodam sistem untukmencuri 1 sen - Aman Shah. Iluminasi. Diakses pada 30 Disember 2024,daripada https://iluminasi.com/bm/kisah-pencuri-1-sen-aman-shah.html2. SOSCILI. (n.d.). Kisah pegawai bank Malaysia yang mencuri 1 sen sampailahdia jadi jutawan. SOSCILI. Diakses pada 30 Disember 2024, daripadahttps://soscili.my/kisah-pegawai-bank-malaysia-yang-mencuri-1-sen-sampailah-dia-jadi-jutawan/3. https://youtu.be/jfYP2SCPRno?si=YIlayRzzNWvrjWlF4. Mekanika. (n.d.). Cerita legenda 90an: Curi 1 sen dari setiap akaun pelangganbank hingga cecah RM4.1 juta, beli 6 kereta mewah sebelum kantoi. Diaksespada 1 Januari 2025, daripada https://www.mekanika.com.my/cerita-legenda-90an-curi-1-sen-dari-setiap-akaun-pelanggan-bank-hingga-cecah-rm4-1-juta-beli-6-kereta-mewah-sebelum-kantoi/5. Cari. (n.d.). Kisah legenda 90-an: Curi 1 sen dari setiap akaun pelangganbank, akhirnya kantoi. Diakses pada 2 Januari 2025, daripadahttps://b.cari.com.my/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=11349336. Intraday. (2018). Kisah pegawai bank curi satu sen sehingga jadi jutawanpada tahun 1990. Diakses pada 1 Januari 2025, daripada https://intraday.my/2018/kisah-pegawai-bank-curi-satu-sen-sehingga-jadi-jutawan-pada-tahun-1990/MPU1062 INTEGRITY & ANTI-CORRUPTION 17