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Message Subject: Geography Year 10 Curriculum Overview 2024-2025 “Let the questions be the curriculum” Socrates Knowledge & Understanding Literacy Skills Literacy Skills and KEY vocab Assessment What is being assessed? Homework/ Independent Learning Composites Components includes understanding of KEY concepts Formal Retrieval if any HT1 Natural Hazards • Define what a natural hazard is • Identify and categorise the different types of hazard • Explain factors which can increase the risk of natural hazards Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 Natural event Natural hazard Hazard risk Tectonic hazard Atmospheric Hazard End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Students complete a homework booklet for Section A: The Challenge of Natural Hazards Past paper GCSE questions Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes. • Explain plate tectonics theory • Describe the global distribution of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and their relationship to plate margins. • Explain the physical processes taking place at different types of plate margin (constructive, destructive and conservative) that lead to earthquakes and volcanic activity. Restless Earth in Y9 HT2 Distribution Earthquake Volcano Tectonic plate Plate margin Destructive Constructive Conservative The Effects of Tectonic Hazards • Define the difference between primary and secondary effects of a tectonic hazard • Define the difference between immediate and long-term responses to a tectonic hazard • Use named examples to show how the effects and responses to a tectonic hazard vary between two areas of contrasting levels of wealth Restless Earth in Y9 HT2 Primary effect Secondary effect Immediate response Long-term response Tsunami Managing the Effects of a Tectonic Hazard • Explain reasons why people live near volcanoes • Explain the different management strategies that can be used to manage the effects of a tectonic hazard (protection, prediction and planning) Restless Earth in Y9 HT2 Monitoring Prediction Protection Planning Seismometer Earthquake-proof

• Assess the effectiveness of the different management strategies Global Atmospheric Circulation • Identify the different features of the global atmospheric circulation model • Explain how the global atmospheric circulation model impacts the climate globally N/A Polar cell Hadley cell Ferrell cell High pressure Low pressure Anticyclone Cyclone End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Tropical Storms • Describe the global distribution of tropical storms (hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons). • Understanding of the relationship between tropical storms and general atmospheric circulation. • Explain the causes of tropical storms and the sequence of their formation and development. • Describe the structure and features of a tropical storm. • Explain how climate change might affect the distribution, frequency and intensity of tropical storms. Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 Tropical storm Eye Wall cloud The Effects of Tropical Storms • Explain the primary and secondary effects of tropical storms. • Explain the immediate and long-term responses to tropical storms. • Case study of a tropical storm- Typhoon Haiyan • Explain how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms. Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 (similar to the key terms from effects of tectonic hazards) The UK Extreme Weather • Case of The Somerset Level floods • Explain how management strategies can reduce the risk of flooding • Explain the evidence that suggests the weather is becoming more extreme in the UK Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 UK flooding in Y9 HT5 Physical cause Human cause Precipitation Saturated Surface run-off

Key Questions: “Why do the effects of natural hazards vary?” “How can we attempt to reduce the risk of natural hazards?” HT2 The Causes & Effects of Climate Change • Describe and explain the evidence for climate change from the beginning of the Quaternary period to the present day • Define the difference between natural and human factors • Explain the natural factors that cause climate change • Explain the human factors that cause change • Explain the effects of climate change on people and the environment Weather & climate in Y7 HT3 Sustainability topic in Y8 HT5 Climate change Global warming Global cooling Quaternary Eccentricity Sunspot Fluctuate HT2 CSA based on the Y10 content covered so far. Use of GCSE past paper questions. End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Students complete a homework booklet for Section A: The Challenge of Natural Hazards Past paper GCSE questions Students complete a homework booklet for Section B: The Living World Managing Climate Change • Define the difference between mitigation and adaptation • Identify different mitigation and adaptation strategies • Explain how adaptation strategies help to reduce the effects of climate change • Explain how mitigation methods help to reduce the effects of climate change • Assess the effectiveness of the different management strategies Weather & climate in Y7 HT3 Sustainability topic in Y8 HT5 Mitigation Adaptation Carbon capture Afforestation Appropriate technology Small-Scale Ecosystem • An example of a small-scale UK ecosystem to illustrate the concept of interrelationships within a natural system • Understanding of producers, consumers, decomposers, food chain, food web and nutrient cycling. • The balance between components. • The impact on the ecosystem of changing one component Ecosystems topic in Y7 HT4 Ecosystem Food chain/web Producer Consumer Prey Predator Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Decomposer Nutrient cycle Global Biomes • Describe the location of global distribution of biomes • Explain the link between climate and location Ecosystems topic in Y7 HT4 Biome

• Explain the global distribution of global biomes Amazing Africa in Y8 HT4 Tropical Rainforests • The physical characteristics of a tropical rainforest • The interdependence of climate, water, soils, plants, animals and people • Explain how plants and animals adapt to the physical conditions. Issues related to biodiversity • Case study of a tropical rainforest- The Amazon, South America • Explain the causes of deforestation in the Amazon • Explain the impacts of deforestation • Understand the value of tropical rainforests to people and the environment • Strategies used to manage the rainforest sustainably Ecosystems in Y7 HT4 Interdependence Forest floor Understorey Canopy Emergent Adaptation Deforestation Sustainability Eco-tourism Key Questions: “Why are tropical rainforests unique?” “Why do we need to protect tropical rainforests?” CIAG Careers- Ecologist, zoologist, conservationist, sustainability manager Skills- problem solving, collaboration, decision making HT3 Hot Deserts • The physical characteristics of a hot desert • The interdependence of climate, water, soils, plants, animals and people • Explain how plants and animals adapt to the physical conditions • Understand the issues related to biodiversity • A case study of a hot desert- The Thar desert • Development opportunities in hot desert environments: mineral extraction, energy, farming, tourism Ecosystems in Y7 HT4 Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 Amazing Africa in Y8 HT4 Adaptation Opportunity Challenge Gypsum Phosphorous Feldspar Irrigation Renewable energy Inaccessibility End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Students complete a homework booklet for Section B: The Living World Past paper GCSE questions

• Challenges of developing hot desert environments: extreme temperatures, water supply, inaccessibility. Students complete a homework booklet for Section C: UK Physical Landscapes (Coasts) Desertification • Location of areas globally at risk from desertification • Locate the Sahel region of Africa • Causes of desertification – climate change, population growth, removal of fuel wood, overgrazing, over-cultivation and soil erosion. • Strategies used to reduce the risk of desertification – water and soil management, tree planting and use of appropriate technology Amazing Africa in Y8 HT4 Desertification Overcultivation Overgrazing Appropriate/ intermediate technology UK Physical Landscapes • An overview of the location of major upland/ lowland areas and river systems UK in Y7 HT2 Upland Lowland Relief Coastal Processes • Describe the types of waves and compare their characteristics • Types of weathering– mechanical, chemical and biological • Types of mass movement – landslide, rockfall, slumping and rotational slip • Types of erosion – hydraulic power, abrasion, attrition and solution/corrosion • Types of transportation – longshore drift • Explain reasons why material is deposited in coastal areas Coasts in Y8 HT1 Destructive/ constructive wave Erosion Transportation Deposition Weathering Freeze-thaw Mass movement Longshore drift Coastal Landforms • Explain how geological structure and rock type influence coastal forms • Characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from erosion – headlands and bays, cliffs and wave cut platforms, caves, arches and stacks Coasts in Y8 HT1 Erosional landform Depositional landform Headland/bay Crack, cave, arch, stack and stump

• Characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from deposition – beaches, sand dunes, spits and bars • An example of a section of coastline in the UK to identify its major landforms of erosion and deposition- The Holderness Coast, East coast of England Wave-cut platform Sand dune Spit/bar Key Questions: “How have physical processes caused the formation of coastal landforms?” “How do coastal landforms change over time?” HT4 Coastal Management • The costs and benefits of the following management strategies • Hard engineering – sea walls, rock armour, gabions and groynes • Soft engineering – beach nourishment and reprofiling, dune regeneration, managed retreat – coastal realignment • An example of a coastal management scheme in the UK- The Holderness Coast, East coast of England Coasts in Y8 HT1 Hard engineering Soft engineering Benefits Costs End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Students complete a homework booklet for Section C: UK Physical Landscapes (Coasts & Rivers) Past paper GCSE questions Fluvial Processes • Describe the physical characteristics of each course of a river • Describe and explain how the shape of a river valley change as rivers flow downstream • Types of erosion – hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, solution, vertical and lateral erosion • Types of transportation – traction, saltation, suspension and solution • Explain why rivers deposit sediment Coasts YR 8 and HT4 Rivers in Y9 HT5 Cross profile Long profile Channel Source Mouth Tributary Confluence Drainage basin Watershed Key Questions: “How can engineering be used to protect coastal locations?” “How do rivers change from source to mouth?” CIAG Careers- engineer, environment agency, politician, councillor, conservationist Skills- decision-making, problem solving, debating, communication HT5 Fluvial Landforms • Explain the formation of waterfalls and V-shaped valleys Coasts YR8 and HT4 Rivers in Y9 HT5 V-shaped valley Interlocking spur Waterfall Y10 Mock Exams – use of a past Paper 1 exam to assess Students complete a homework booklet for Section

• Explain the formation of meanders and ox-bow lakes • Explain the formation of floodplains and levees • An example of a river in the UK- River Tees Meander Oxbow lake Floodplain Levees Estuary the content covered during Y10. End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. C: UK Physical Landscapes (Rivers) Past paper GCSE questions Flood Management • Explain how physical and human factors affect the flood risk – precipitation, geology, relief and land use. • The use of hydrographs to show the relationship between precipitation and discharge • The costs and benefits of the following management strategies • Hard engineering – dams and reservoirs, straightening, embankments, flood relief channels • Soft engineering – flood warnings and preparation, flood plain zoning, planting trees and river restoration. • An example of a flood management strategy- The Somerset Levels China in Y8 HT2 Extreme weather in Y8 HT3 Rivers in Y9 HT5 Hydrograph Rising limb Falling limb Discharge Peak rainfall Peak discharge Lagtime Hard engineering Soft engineering Key Questions: “How do fluvial landforms form and change over time?” “How can engineering be used to protect against flooding?” HT6 Physical Fieldwork • Choose a suitable questions/hypothesis for a geographical enquiry • The geographical theory/concept underpinning the enquiry • Appropriate sources of primary and secondary evidence, including locations for fieldwork • The potential risks of both human and physical fieldwork and how these risks might be reduced • Difference between primary and secondary data • Identification and selection of appropriate physical and human data GIS/Fieldwork topic in Y9 HT6 Enquiry question Justify Risk assessment Primary data Secondary data Qualitative Quantitative Data collection Data presentation Conclusion Evaluation Environmental quality survey (EQS) End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic. Past paper GCSE questions

• Measuring and recording data using different sampling methods • Description and justification of data collection methods • Appreciation that a range of visual, graphical and cartographic methods is available • Selection and accurate use of appropriate presentation methods • Description, explanation and adaptation of presentation methods • Description, analysis and explanation of the results of fieldwork data • Establish links between data sets • Identification of anomalies in fieldwork data • Draw evidenced conclusions in relation to original aims of the enquiry • Evaluation of geographical enquiry Identification of problems of data collection methods • Suggestions for other data that might be useful • Extent to which conclusions were reliable. Urban Growth • Describe patterns of population change in urban areas • Explain the reasons for population increase in urban areas • Describing the urban trends in different parts of the world including HICs and LICs • Factors affecting the rate of urbanisation – migration (push–pull theory), natural increase • The emergence of megacities China in Y8 HT2 HIC NEE LIC Urban area Rural area Rural-urban migration Natural increase Megacity Urbanisation Key Questions: “How effective are the sea defences at protecting Crosby Beach from coastal erosion?” CIAG Careers – analyst, data collector, councillor, environment agency Skills – communication, teamwork, numeracy, literacy, data analysis

Subject: Geography Year 11 Curriculum Overview 2024-2025 “Let the questions be the curriculum” Socrates Knowledge & Understanding Literacy Skills Literacy Skills and KEY vocab Assessment What is being assessed? Homework/ Independent Learning Composites Components includes understanding of KEY concepts Formal Retrieval if any HT1 Urban growth creates opportunities and challenges for cities in LICs and NEE Study Rio de Janeiro as a case study of a major city in an LIC or NEE. • Describe the location of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil • Explain the importance of Rio de Janeiro regionally, nationally and internationally • Explain the causes of growth: natural increase and migration • Explain how urban growth has created opportunities • Explain how urban industrial areas can be a stimulus for economic development • Explain how urban growth has created challenges • Discuss how environmental issues can be managed China YR8 Africa YR8 Development YR9 Graph reading skills Map skills Population Megacity Rural-urban migration Natural increase Urbanisation Inequalities Employment Economy Deprivation End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic End of topic exam. Students complete a homework booklet for Section A: Urban Issues and Challenges Past paper GCSE questions Key Questions: “How are urban areas changing?” “How has urban change impacted Rio de Janeiro?” HT2 Urban change in the UK • Describe the distribution of population and the major cities in the UK. • Describe the UK’s varying landscapes • A case study of a major city in the UK- Manchester • Describe the location of Manchester UK YR7 Manchester YR7 Sustainability YR8 Derelict Urban sprawl Rural-urban fringe Greenfield Brownfield End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic

• Explain the importance of the Manchester in the UK and the wider world • Explain the impacts of national and international migration on the growth and character of the city • Explain how urban change has created opportunities • Explain how urban change has created challenges • Explain the impact of urban sprawl on the rural–urban fringe, and the growth of commuter settlements • An example of an urban regeneration project to show reasons why the area needed regeneration and the main features of the project (Salford Quays) China YR8 Fieldwork YR9 Physical fieldwork enquiry YR1 Urban regeneration YR7 and HT1 Sustainability Congestion Pedestrian Commuter Mock exam in December Human fieldwork enquiry (Salford Quays) • Choose a suitable question/hypothesis for a geographical enquiry • The geographical theory/concept underpinning the enquiry • Appropriate sources of primary and secondary evidence, including locations for fieldwork • The potential risks of both human and physical fieldwork and how these risks might be reduced • Difference between primary and secondary data • Identification and selection of appropriate physical and human data • Measuring and recording data using different sampling methods • Description and justification of data collection methods • Appreciation that a range of visual, graphical and cartographic methods is available • Selection and accurate use of appropriate presentation methods

• Description, explanation and adaptation of presentation methods • Description, analysis and explanation of the results of fieldwork data • Establish links between data sets • Identification of anomalies in fieldwork data • Draw evidenced conclusions in relation to original aims of the enquiry • Evaluation of geographical enquiry • Identification of problems of data collection methods • Suggestions for other data that might be useful • Extent to which conclusions were reliable. Urban Sustainability • Define sustainability • Describe the features of sustainable urban living • Explain how water and energy can be used sustainably and conserve • Explain how waste can be managed sustainably • Explain the benefits of creating green spaces • Explain how urban transport strategies are used to reduce traffic congestion Key Questions: “Why is Manchester an important city?” “How has urban change impacted Manchester?” CIAG Careers- Sustainability consultant, recycling manager, town planner, transport planner Skills- Communication, decision making, collaboration

HT3 Global Inequalities • Define economic development and quality of life • Describe the different ways of classifying parts of the world according to their level of economic development and quality of life. • Identify the different economic and social measures of development • Evaluate the limitations of economic and social measures of development • Link between stages of the Demographic Transition Model and the level of development. • Causes of uneven development: physical, economic and historical. • Consequences of uneven development: disparities in wealth and health, international migration Development YR9 Africa YR8 Map skills Graph skills Development gap YR9 Tourism in the Galapagos YR9 Strategies to reduce the development gap YR9 China YR8 Demographic Transition Model Colonialism Disparities Fairtrade Investment Debt Microfinance End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic End of topic exam Students complete a homework booklet for Section B: The Changing Economic World Past paper GCSE questions The Development Gap • Define the development gap • Explain why the development gap exists • An overview of the strategies used to reduce the development gap: investment, industrial development and tourism, aid, using intermediate technology, Fairtrade, debt relief, microfinance loans. • An example of how the growth of tourism in an LIC or NEE helps to reduce the development gap (Tanzania, Africa) Economic Development in LIC’s and NEE’s • Explain how economic development which leads to significant social, environmental and cultural change. • A case study of one Brazil as an example of a NEE country • Describe the location of Brazil • Explain the wider political, social, cultural and environmental context within which the country is placed

• Explain the changing industrial structure • Explain how manufacturing industry can stimulate economic development • Define what a Transnational Corporation is • Describe the role of transnational corporations (TNCs) in relation to industrial development. • Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of TNC(s) to the host country • Explain the changing political and trading relationships with the wider world • Define different types of aid • Explain the impacts of aid on the receiving country • Explain the environmental impacts of economic development • Explain the effects of economic development on quality of life for the population Amazon rainforest YR10 Rio de Janeiro HT1 Economic Change in The UK • The causes of economic change in the UK: deindustrialisation and decline of traditional industrial base, globalisation and government policies • Explain the features of a post-industrial economy • Study an example of a science and business park in the UK (Cambridge Science Park) • Explain the impacts of industry on the physical environment. • An example of how modern industrial development can be more environmentally sustainable (Nissan factory, Sunderland) • Social and economic changes in the rural landscapes in the UK • Explain how improvement in infrastructure will help the UK’s economic development • Explain why the north–south divide exists in the UK UK YR7 Manchester YR7 China YR8 Development YR9 Mechanisation Globalisation Industry Infrastructure Devolution Post-industrial Enterprise Manufacturing Trade End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic End of topic exam

• Strategies used in an attempt to resolve regional differences • Understand the place of the UK in the wider world. • Links through trade, culture, transport, and electronic communication. Economic and political links: the European Union (EU) and Commonwealth. Key Questions: “How has the UKs economy changed over time?” “Why is the UK important globally?” HT4 Resource Management • The significance of food, water and energy to economic and social well-being. • An overview of global inequalities in the supply and consumption of resources. • Explain how resources in the UK create opportunities and challenges • Provision of food in the UK • Provision of water in the UK • Provision of energy in the UK UK YR7 Sustainability YR8 Food YR9 Water YR9 Renewable Non-renewable Consumption Security Insecurity Scarcity Extraction Sustainable End of topic low stakes quiz to be completed at the end of each topic End of topic exam Students complete a homework booklet for Section C: The Challenge of Resource Management Past paper GCSE questions Energy • Global energy supply and demand • Overview of strategies to increase energy supply • Different types of renewable sources of energy • An example to show how the extraction of a fossil fuel has both advantages and disadvantages. • Sustainable energy use Issue Evaluation • A resource booklet will be available twelve weeks before the date of the exam so that students can work through the resources, enabling them to become familiar with the material. The topic unknown until resource booklet is received.

Key Questions: “How can we make energy usage more sustainable?” “How can the UK overcome the challenges of resource management?” CIAG Careers- Renewable energy consultant, energy analyst, energy engineer, sustainability officer, politician Skills- problem solving, decision making, communication, collaboration HT5 Exam preparation