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Dairy Hygiene Parlour Hygiene & Teat Care FOURTRESSExcellence in Dairy Hygiene

ContentsMission Statement 1Parlour Hygiene 2Mastitis and Hygiene 3Teat Disinfection Chemistry 4Skin Care Chemistry 5The Cost of Mastitis 6Pre Milking 7Parlour Procedure 8Fourtress Teat Disinfection Range 9-11Cleaning and Disinfection of Equipment 12-13Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Caustic Detergents 14 Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Chlorinated Detergents 15Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Acid Detergents 16 Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Disinfectants 17 Cleaning Routines 18-19Bulk Tank Cleaning 20 Product Range Summary 21-26

1Fourtress Dairy Hygiene Fourtress Dairy Hygiene range is a combination of manufacturing excellence, high performance quality products and a deep knowledge of the dairy hygiene sector. It brings a systematic and logical approach to problem solving, coupled with a refreshingly open-minded approach to new methods and ideas that bring the latest science and innovation to the industry.We design, train, maintain and update Parlour Cleaning Cards (CIC’s) and Milking Routine protocols, to achieve and maintain exceptional levels of hygiene.Our skilled team take pride in achieving the results within the parameters required by the milk processors in:Total Bacteria Count - Bactoscan (TBC) Somatic Cell Count (SCC) Thermoduric and Trichloromethane (TCM)To achieve maximum milk price availableThe technical and regulatory teams ensure that all products are compliant with current and emerging legislation. Manufacturing products to the higheststandards.REACHEN1656ISO2020ContentsMission Statement 1Parlour Hygiene 2Mastitis and Hygiene 3Teat Disinfection Chemistry 4Skin Care Chemistry 5The Cost of Mastitis 6Pre Milking 7Parlour Procedure 8Fourtress Teat Disinfection Range 9-11 Cleaning and Disinfection of Equipment 12-13Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Caustic Detergents 14 Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Chlorinated Detergents 15Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Acid Detergents 16 Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Disinfectants 17 Cleaning Routines 18-19Bulk Tank Cleaning 20 Product Range Summary 21-26

Parlour Hygiene2The process for milk production relies on hardworking detergents and disinfectants, together with proper milking procedures. Attention to detail and a clean environment, are all required to minimise mastitis and maximise production of quality milk.Research and experience indicate repeated regular training of milking technicians (this applies to both family and non-family workers) is a very important part of this process.Key points during the milking:-• Always wear disposable gloves when milking. A bare hand is more dicult to cleanand disinfect during milking than a gloved hand.• Gloves should be clean during milking. If they get torn, replace immediately.• Replace gloves after each milking.• If liners, clusters, gloves or other equipment become contaminated during milking,always rinse with CLEAN RUNNING WATER for about 30 seconds to provide a physicalwash. Then dip in disinfecting solution, giving sucient time to kill bacteria. The timewill vary depending on the disinfectant used and the manufacturer’s instructions.Dry o as much as possible. Drying hands on a paper towel will also help reducebacteria levels.• Always use a separate cluster for each cow with clinical mastitis. Rinse and disinfectthe cluster after each mastitis cow. Ideally, mastitis cows should be separated fromthe main herd and milked last.

3The basis of mastitis control is herd management, specifically aimed at reducing the level of bacterial challenge on the teat and teat end, reducing the rate of infection. Mastitis can never be eradicated, however if milking routines and hygiene techniques are improved then the spread of infection will be reduced.Contagious Mastitis – is caused by bacteria such as StaphylococcusAureus and Streptococcus Agalactiae being transmitted between cows during milking. Milk from one infected quarter can be spread to the teat skin of other quarters or other cows, by milkers’ hands, liners and cross flow of milk between clusters. Damaged teats/teat ends are particularly suscepti-ble. Poorly maintained milking machines can also contribute to the transmis-sion of infection. Post-milking teat disinfection is the single most important step in mastitis control. It has been shown in many studies to reduce new infection rates up to 50%. A good teat disinfectant destroys organisms on teats and prevents teat canal colonisation of organisms.Environmental Mastitis – is caused by bacteria such as Escherichia Coliand Streptococcus Uberis, the primary sources being faeces and mud. The risk of infection from these bacteria increases when the environment is wet and dirty. Areas where cows congregate such as water troughs, gateways, collecting yards and housing must be kept clean to minimise infection. Prevention of environmental mastitis involves minimising levels of faeces and mud in the cows’ environment. Finally, to reduce the risk of mastitis, if a cow could stay on her feet for up to 30 minutes after being milked. This is to allow time for the teat orifice to close.Thermoduric Bacteria – these are not mastitis causing bacteria but areorganisms capable of surviving pasteurisation, the monitoring of their presence in milk is important to milk purchasers and processors. Surviving pasteurisation can lead to carry-over into product, causing quality defects (reduction in shelf life) and also significant problems for food manufacturers using milk and milk products as a food ingredient. The use of oxidising disinfectants will reduce spore populations but beware, use of non-oxidising biocides will have limited ecacy against spores. Bacillus and Clostridium are the most common thermoduric species and are found in silage, faeces, animal bedding and soil. They exist in a very heat resistant form of spores and are not killed by pasteurisation.Eect of pre-milking teat preparation procedures on the microbial count on teats prior to cluster application. Gleeson D, O’Brien B, Flynn J, O’Callaghan E, Galli F. Irish Vet Journal. 2009;62:461–7Mastitis & Hygiene

Teat Disinfection ChemistryTeat disinfection is an important measure in mastitis management. In order to fully destroy any bacteria on the teats, it is important to use well engineered teat treatment formulations. The most fundamental part of the ‘teat dip’ formulation is the active substance. This is the part of the formulation which is responsible for killing mastitis causing bacteria. According to European Standards and for complete disinfection of the teat, teat preparations must be eective against the following bacteria: -Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus Uberis and Escherichia Coli.There are various active ingredients used in the teat disinfection industry, these include: -Lactic Acid, Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Iodine. All these substances eectively kill the targeted bacteria which can be found on teats.Fourtress teat dip products are tested against the standard “EN 1656 – Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics – Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in the veterinary area”.Lactic AcidLactic Acid damages the cell membrane of bacteria, this has two eects: -1. Disrupts metabolic processes, in some part due to damage to the cell wall andpartially due to changes in the cells internal pH.2. Allows other biocides to more easily penetrate the cells interior.Fourtress Lactic Acid based teat dips are also designed to remove the dead epidermis skin layer on the teat. The Lactic Acid exfoliates the skin by destroying the keratin on the teat end to reveal the healthy skin under-neath. This ensures any bacteria which is present on the dead skin cells at the end of the teat are removed before/after milking.Chlorhexidine GluconateChlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG) is an organic compound. CHG is added into formulations to help reduce the bacterial contamination on the teat. CHG has been proven to be one of the most eective active substances for the control of bacterial count on teats. It acts similar to Lactic Acid, destroying cell membranes and disrupting the equilibrium of the cell and its components, meaning it can no longer survive.IodineIodophor based products can be used in the teat dip industry. The Iodophor ‘buries’ itself into the epidermis membrane of the bacteria then Iodine is released. The Iodine damages the cell proteins which aects the cells ability to maintain homeostasis and causes the cell to die. 4

5Skin care is essential, without this, skin can deteriorate; become dry, damaged and infected.Skin care for cows is similar to skin care for humans and products should contain chemicals that function as Humectants, Emollients and possibly Occlusives.• Humectants are substances that bind with water molecules toincrease the water content in the skin. Glycerine is a very costeective way of delivering humectant properties to a teat dip.Aloe is a mixture of polysaccharides, carbohydrates andminerals; this is also an excellent moisturiser.• Emollients are used to soften and smooth dry, scaly skin.Derivatives of Lanolin are eective emollients.PEG Esters (Polyethylene glycol with fatty acid) arealso eective emollients.• Occlusives work by forming a thin film on the surface of theskin to prevent loss of moisture; some PEG Esters areeective at forming films.Some teat care products additionally contain Salicylic Acid or Acid Salicylates. Whereas Lactic Acid is an Alpha Hydroxy Acid (AHA), Salicylic Acid is a Beta Hydroxy Acid. Materials in this group encourage exfoliation, that is the softening and sloughing of the top layer of skin cells. Salicylate also penetrates skin and reduces the blockage of pores, thereby reducing the opportunity for infections.Teat Care Skin ScienceGood skin care components combined with long contact through viscosity or film formation not only improve skin condition, it also ensures extended contact of biocides, thereby reducing infection and instances of mastitis.In addition to good skin care components, teat dips usually contain peppermint and/or eucalyptus oils, these naturally promote teat health.Skin Care Chemistry

Money spent on things like purchased feed, fuel, fertiliser and medicines is felt directly by dairy farmers. However the true cost of sub-optimal health and production is more dicult to measure, despite the large impact it has on overall profitability of a dairy enterprise.The current average incident rate of clinical mastitis is between 47-65 cases/100cows/year*Cost of Mastitis - The total cost of clinical mastitis is made up of several dierentcomponents such as: • Milk discard• Reduced yields• Increased culling • Medicines • Increased labour• Veterinary costsThe scale of these losses may vary between farms.The Cost of MastitisWhen penicillin was introduced after the 1940’s, it was assumed that with such an eective treatment, Mastitis would soon be eliminated. Unfortunately, this proved not to be the case and the average incident rate of clinical Mastitis (between 47-65 cases/100 cows/year) has not decreased significantly in the last 10-15 years.6Survey of the incidence and aetiology of mastitis on dairy farms in England and WalesA. J. Bradley, K. A. Leach, J. E. Breen, L. E. Green, M. J. Green Veterinary Record (2007) 160, 253-258Mastitis remains one of the most challenging endemic diseases aecting dairy cows worldwide, both in terms of the cost of production as well as the welfare of aected cows.The Cost of Mastitisaverages out at €240 per Cow per yearProduction Losses €120Discarded Milk €84Extra Labour €10Medical Costs €26Sub-Clinical Mastitis, as measured by somatic cell count (SCC), is associated with increased culling,discarded milk and reduced milk yields, with a typical loss of 0.5 litres of milk/day. It is therefore vital that individual farms take the time to calculate what Mastitis is likely to be costingthem. As SCC increases, net farm profit decreases. Money spent on things like purchased feed, fuel, fertiliser and medicines is felt directly by dairy farmers. However the true cost of sub-optimal health and production is more dicult to measure, despite the large impact it has on overall profitability of a dairy enterprise.The current average incident rate of clinical Mastitis is between 47-65 cases/100 cows/year*Cost of Mastitis - The total cost of clinical Mastitis is made up of several dierent components such as: • Milk discard• Reduced yields• Increased culling• Medicines• Increased labour• Veterinary costs The scale of these losses may vary between farms.The Cost of MastitisWhen penicillin was introduced after the 1940’s, it was assumed that with such an eective treatment, Mastitis would soon be eliminated. Unfortunately, this proved not to be the case and the average incident rate of clinical Mastitis (between 47-65 cases/100 cows/year) has not decreased significantly in the last 10-15 years.Survey of the incidence and aetiology of mastitis on dairy farms in England and WalesA. J. Bradley, K. A. Leach, J. E. Breen, L. E. Green, M. J. Green Veterinary Record (2007) 160, 253-258Mastitis remains one of the most challenging endemic diseases aecting dairy cows in the UK and worldwide, both in terms of the cost to production as well as the welfare of aected cows.The Cost of Mastitisaverages out at £240 per Cow per yearProduction Losses £120Discarded Milk £84Extra Labour £10Medical Costs £26Sub-Clinical Mastitis , as measured by somatic cell count (SCC), is associated with increased culling, discarded milk and reduced milk yields, with a typical loss of 0.5 litres of milk/day. It is therefore vital that individual farms take the time to calculate what Mastitis is likely to be costing them. As SCC increases, net farm profit decreases.

7Survey of the incidence and aetiology of mastitis on dairy farms in England and WalesA. J. Bradley, K. A. Leach, J. E. Breen, L. E. Green, M. J. Green Veterinary Record (2007) 160, 253-258Fourtress Dairy Hygiene range is a combination of manufacturing excellence, high performance quality products and a deep knowledge of the dairy hygiene sector. It brings a systematic and logical approach to problem solving, coupled with a refreshingly open-minded approach to new methods and ideas that bring the latest science and innovation to the industry.We design, train, maintain and update Parlour Cleaning Cards (CIC’s) and Milking Routine protocols, to achieve and maintain exceptional levels of hygiene.Our skilled team take pride in achieving the results within the parameters required by the milk processors in:Total Bacteria Count - Bactoscan (TBC) Somatic Cell Count (SCC) Thermoduric and Trichloromethane (TCM)To achieve maximum milk price availableThe technical and regulatory teams ensure that all products are compliant with current and emerging legislation. Manufacturing products to the higheststandards.REACHEN1656ISO2020Pre-Milking1. Ideally forestrip all cows. Foremilkstripping is an eective way to detectclinical mastitis, but it must be donein a hygienic manner. Routine foremilkstripping of cows also helps to provide astimulus for milk let-down. To reduce therisk of contamination the milkers shouldavoid getting milk on their gloves whenforemilk stripping. Foremilk should bedrawn onto a dark surface, such as astrip cup, as this makes changes in themilk easier to see, it also reduces the riskof splashing which can occur if a boot orthe parlour floor are used.2. Ideally clusters should only be attachedto clean and dry teats. Cluster dipping isrecognised as a highly eective methodof reducing cross contamination in theparlour. Although washing and drying ofudder and teats helps to reduce bacteriallevels, it is by no means as eective asapplying a disinfectant (pre-dip or spray) tothe teats.3. To ensure teats are clean and the risk ofinfection is reduced, teats should becleaned by applying a pre-milking teatdisinfectant (dip or spray) and thenwiping the teat clean and dry with asingle use paper towel – one towel percow. NEVER use communal cloths or wipes.4. Disposable disinfectant wipes have becomea popular means of cleaning and disinfectingthe teats before milking; they dry quicklythrough evaporation and used one per cow,limit cross contamination from cow-to-cow.6

The physiology of cows to produce and let-down milk, along with a consistent operating routine is essential to animal well-being and teat health. All of these elements bring essential components for mastitis prevention.The milking routine should be performed by people who are responsible, trained and conscientious. One key area is ‘transmission of bacteria’ – particularly Streptococcus Uberis, this can transmit from the milkers’ hands to the udder. Wearing gloves is an extremely eective method of reducing bacterial spread. Use of the correct quantity of teat disinfectant is also essential. The table below is a useful guide.After a liner has milked an infected quarter, bacteria from infected cows can contaminate the cluster and spread infection to the next nine cows milked with the same cluster. Milking order can therefore have amajor impact on the spread of mastitis.The ideal order of milking is, start o milking first lactation cows before others with somatic cell counts. Secondly cows with high somatic cell counts, and finally, cows with clinical mastitis. This will reduce the spread of mastitis organisms from cow to cow, however this is not the order they arrive for milking. Drafting gates to separate the final categories are very helpful to reduce contamination. It is recommended to milk newly introduced animals separately until their health status is determined, and the clusters sanitised before and after milking.A routine and calm milking environment is essential to a proper milking procedure.Parlour ProcedureApplication methods and teat disinfection usageApplication MethodSpraying1510Typical Volume of Teat Dip used/mlDipping8

What is it?What does it do? When to use?.Useful Tips1. Use clean gloves. 2. Fore-stripping and inspecting milk will give an early indication of abnormalities.3. Follow a standard milking procedure using only trained sta.4. Spray teats from underneath rather than the side, this ensures good coverage.Fourtress Teat Disinfection Range9Fourtress Teat CareDairyLac SAA ready to use teat dip, spray or foam disinfectant for use Pre/Post-milking.Eective against:-Staphyloccus AureusStreptococcus UberisEscherichia ColiHighly visible blue colour.Passes EN1656.Provides disinfection through Lactic Acid, as listed in Article 95 of the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU528/2012).Provides enhanced cleaning with surfactants.Provides skin care through Humectants and Emollients.Contains Acid Salicylates.Can be applied by spray, dip or foam cups.This product should be used direct from the container without dilution.Pre-milking, gross debris should be removed before applying DairyLac SA as a dip or spray.Excess liquid should be removed with a dry paper towel.Post-milking, apply DairyLac SA as a dip or spray.

Teat disinfection is an important measure in mastitis management. In order to fully destroy any bacteria on the teats, it is important to use well engineered teat treatment formulations. The most fundamental part of the ‘teat dip’ formulation is the active substance. This is the part of the formulation which is responsible for killing mastitis causing bacteria. According to European Standards and for complete disinfection of the teat, teat preparations must be eective against the following bacteria: -Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus Uberis and Escherichia Coli.There are various active ingredients used in the teat disinfection industry, these include: -Lactic Acid, Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Iodine. All these substances eectively kill the targeted bacteria which can be found on teats.Fourtress teat dip products are tested against the standard “EN 1656 – Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics – Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in the veterinary area”.Lactic AcidLactic Acid damages the cell membrane of bacteria, this has two eects: -1. Disrupts metabolic processes, in some part due to damage to the cell wall and partially due to changes in the cells internal pH.2. Allows other biocides to more easily penetrate the cells interior.Fourtress Lactic Acid based teat dips are also designed to remove the dead epidermis skin layer on the teat. The Lactic Acid exfoliates the skin by destroying the keratin on the teat end to reveal the healthy skin under-neath. This ensures any bacteria which is present on the dead skin cells at the end of the teat are removed before/after milking.Chlorhexidine GluconateChlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG) is an organic compound. CHG is added into formulations to help reduce the bacterial contamination on the teat. CHG has been proven to be one of the most eective active substances for the control of bacterial count on teats. It acts similar to Lactic Acid, destroying cell membranes and disrupting the equilibrium of the cell and its components, meaning it can no longer survive.IodineIodophor based products can be used in the teat dip industry. The Iodophor ‘buries’ itself into the epidermis membrane of the bacteria then Iodine is released. The Iodine damages the cell proteins which aects the cells ability to maintain homeostasis and causes the cell to die. ProtectPre & PostA ready to use teat dip, spray or foam disinfectant for use Pre/Post-milking.Eective against:-Staphyloccus AureusStreptococcus UberisEscherichia ColiHighly visible orange colour.Passes EN1656.Provides disinfection through Chlorhexidine and Lactic Acid, as listed in Article 95 of the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU528/2012).Provides enhanced cleaning with surfactants.Provides skin care through Humectants and Emollients.Can be applied by spray, dip or foam cups.This product should be used direct from the container without dilution.Pre-milking, gross debris should be removed before applying Protect Pre & Post as a dip or spray.Excess liquid should be removed with a dry paper towel.What is it? What does it do? When to use?Useful Tips 1. After milking the teat ends should be examined for signs of damage.2. Managing cows to stay on their feet for a minimum of 30 minutes after applying thePost-milking product allows time for the teat orifice to close and reduces theopportunity for infection.DairyHex A ready to use teat dip for use Pre/Post-milking.Eective against:-Staphyloccus AureusStreptococcus UberisEscherichia ColiHighly visible green colour.Passes EN1656.Provides disinfection through Chlorhexidine Gluconate, as listed in Article 95 of the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU528/2012).Provides skin care through Humectants.Can be applied by spray, dip or foam cups.This product should be used direct from the container without dilution.Pre-milking, gross debris should be removed before applying DairyHex. Excess liquid should be removed with a dry paper towel.Post-milking, apply DairyHex as a dip or spray.Fourtress Teat Disinfection RangeProtect FilmA ready to use teat dip or spray disinfectant for use Post-milking.Eective against:-Staphyloccus AureusStreptococcus UberisEscherichia ColiHighly visible orange colour.Passes EN1656.Provides disinfection through Chlorhexidine and Lactic Acid, as listed in Article 95 of the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU528/2012).Provides skin care through Humectants and Emollients.Forms a protective barrier.Can be applied by spray or dip cups.This product should be used direct from the container without dilution.Post-milking, apply Protect Film as a dip or spray.Fourtress Teat Care10

1. After milking the teat ends should be examined for signs of damage.2. Managing cows to stay on their feet for a minimum of 30 minutes after applying thePost-milking product allows time for the teat orifice to close and reduces theopportunity for infection.A ready to use teat dip for use Post-milking.Eective against:-Staphyloccus AureusStreptococcus UberisEscherichia ColiHighly visible orange colour.Passes EN1656.Provides disinfection through Lactic Acid, as listed in Article 95 of the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU528/2012).Provides skin care through Humectants.Contains Acid Salicylates.Forms a protective barrier.Can be applied by dip cups.This product should be used direct from the container without dilution.Post-milking, apply Dairy Pro Ultra Dip SA as a dip. Dairy ProUltra Dip SA Fourtress Teat Disinfection Range11What is it? What does it do? When to use?Udder Wipes A ready to use pre milking wipeContains Lactic AcidContains high levels of emollients.Hygienically prepares and cleanses teats before milking Biodegradable wipe and liquid.This product should be used as supplied.Fourtress Teat CareUseful Tips

Cleaning – is the removal of milk deposits from all milk contact points – internal pipework, milk meters, bulk milk tanks etc.The purpose of cleaning and where appropriate disinfection, is to reduce bacterial contamination. Cleaning first removes milk residues left after milking and gives a significant reduction in micro-organism population. Disinfection is essential to finally reduce micro-organism populations to a safe level.Milk residues consist of fats and proteins and may contain bacteria. This is an ideal environment for bacteria to multiply and grow. Another residue that originates from both milk and hard water is scale, such asCalcium Phosphate, commonly known as Milkstone, or Calcium Carbonate, commonly known as water scale. Scales may harbour and protect bacteria from disinfectants.Cleaning should always be performed as soon as possible after each milking.Cleaning and Disinfection of Equipment12The principals of cleaning remain the same, whether the product in use is Chlorine free or Chlorinated.

Cleaning and Disinfection of Equipmentconsidered:1) Mechanical/Physical Actionliquid has a scrubbing eect on surfaces.scrubbing eect. Sometimes old fashioned physical scrubbing to the exterior of the clusters is required.2) Heatalso aid in the destruction of micro-organisms.Heat is useful to break-up proteins, but care is needed, if the temperature is remove. The result will not only be a harbourage for micro-organisms, it could f sur-faces into subsequent milkings.3) Contact TimeEventually, you might clean with just hot water, but a very long contact time would be needed, plus a lot of expensive thermal energy. Using detergents at the right strength and temperature will reduce contact time.4) Potable Waterclean with.5) Chemicals (Detergents and Disinfectants)Choosing the right chemical is essential, you cannot clean with a disinfectant, and you cannot disinfect with a detergent.13

Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Caustic DetergentsWhat does it do? When to use?1. To find out if you have hard water, look in a kettle. If there is grey scale you have hard water.2. Caustic and Acidic detergents must never be mixed. This will result in a violent reaction thatwill damage equipment and can result in very severe burns to users.3 Dairy CIP must never be mixed with a Chlorinated detergent or disinfectant, this will result in a very violent reaction and the production of corrosive hot liquid and vapours, very serious burns can be caused.4. Use of Dairy CIP will reduce the frequency of acidic cleans.Dairy Clean PlusCaustic is usually the main daily use detergent to assist in the removal of milk residues. It helps to loosen the residues and then holds them in suspension so that they are removed during rinsing.Dairy Clean Plus, is a powder product. Powders are a very concentrated form of detergent and so can be an economical proposition, they are however more dicult to dose than liquids and automated dosing is very dicult.Dairy Clean Plus combined with anti-scale deposition agents. Caustic reacts with fat to form soaps by a process called Saponification. Soaps are a natural surfactant or wetting agent, so as more fat is destroyed, more wetting agent is produced to help with the clean. Caustic also destroys proteins by the process of Hydrolysis, heat will assist with this.What is it?Dairy CIPDairy CIP is a sophisticated chlorine free liquid detergent ideal for automated dosing and giving quick dispersion into solution.Dairy CIP is a caustic based detergent combined with antiscale deposition agents. Caustic is usually the main daily use detergent to assist in the removal of milk residues. It helps to loosen the residues and then holds them in suspension so that they are removed during rinsing.Chelating agents that help dissolve Milkstone and water scale, regular use can reduce the need for periodic acidic cleans.Dairy CIP is a daily use detergent.In any operations where milk is heated or homogenised the formation of Milkstone is inevitable, the presence of Chelating agents in Dairy CIP will help to dissolve these.Fourtress Cleaning Chemicals14Useful TipsDairy CIPUltraDairy CIP Ultra is a superior chlorine free liquid detergent ideal for automated dosing and giving quick dispersion into solution.Dairy CIP Ultra is a fortified caustic detergent combined with antiscale deposition agents. Chelating agents that help dissolve Milkstone and water scale, regular use can reduce the need for periodic acidic cleans.In very hard water areas, Dairy CIP Ultra should be the caustic detergent of choice for daily use.In any operations where milk is heated or homogenised the formation of Milkstone is inevitable, the presence of Chelating agents in Dairy CIP Ultrawill help to dissolve these.

15Fourtress Parlour RangeChlorinated Caustic Detergents Dairy WashDairy Wash can be used daily in place of a simple caustic detergent, but use of a chlorinated caustic detergent is not areplacement for the final disinfection stage. Sodium Hypochlorite will destroy micro-organisms, but in cleaning (as opposed to disinfection) the Sodium Hypochlorite will be consumed by fats and proteins and will not be sucient to provide disinfection unless a fresh solution is used after the main clean. Useful TipsWhat does it do? When to use?Dairy Wash is a liquid detergent combining Caustic, Sodium Hypochlorite and anti-scale deposition chemicals.The inclusion of Sodium Hypochlorite in a caustic detergent provides an additional means of removing soiling. Sodium Hypochlorite is an oxidising agent, it will assist greatly in the breakup of proteins, especially when they have been heavily burnt on to a surface by heat or mechani-cal action.1. Sodium Hypochlorite decays with age, always rotate stocks of Chlorinated products to ensuremaximum eciency.2. Avoid over dosing Chlorinated detergents or using old stock, this could result in thebuild-up of Chlorate residues.3. Always ensure Chlorinated detergents are well rinsed, poor rinsing can result in pittingcorrosion of even good quality Stainless Steel.4. Neat Dairy Wash must never be mixed with neat Dairy CIP, this will result in a very violent reaction and the production of corrosive hot liquid and vapours, very serious burns can be caused.What is it?5. Dairy Wash must never be mixed with an Acidic detergent, this will result in a very violent reaction and the production of Toxic Chlorine gas, this can result in death.Fourtress Cleaning ChemicalsDairy WashUltraDairy Wash Ultra is a heavy duty chlorinated caustic detergent.It combines Caustic and Sodium Hypochlorite to remove heavy milk soilsDairy Wash Ultra can be used in a hot or cold solution to assist with the removal of milk soils within milking machines and bulk tanks

DescaleWhat is itAcids are normally used to remove Milkstone. Useful TipsWhat does it do? When to use?Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Acid Detergents Descale is a routine use acidic circulation detergent. It contains Phosphoric Acid and wetting agents to ensure good contact with surfaces.Acids dissolve scales such as Milkstone (Calcium Phosphate) and Water Scale (Calcium Carbonate).What is it?Fourtress Cleaning Chemicals16Acid WashPremium acidic circulation descaler.Highly active Nitric and Phosphoric Acid dual based liquid.Low foaming and quick rinsing. Can be used as night wash solution.Superior removal of Milkstone. Suitable for use in milking machines and bulk tanks.Economical in useSuperior removal of water scale.1. Acid Detergent dissolve milkstone and water scale eectively2. Acids will not remove fats and proteins, for Caustic or Chlorinated Caustic detergents are needed.3.A robust cleaning routine will involve frequent Acid detergent and daily use of Alkaline or a chlorinated Caustic Detergent.4. Acidic and Caustic detergents must never be mixed. This will result in a violent reaction that will damage equipment andcan result in very severe burns to users.5. Acidic detergents must never be mixed with a Chlorinated detergent or disinfectant, this will result in the production ofToxic Chlorine gas, this can result in death.6. When using Descale and Descale Ultra, users should check with drainage or environ mental authorities to see if thereare any local consent levels for the discharge of Phosphates.DescaleUltraDescale Ultra is ideal for deep cleaning equiptment. Descale Ultra should also be the product of choice for cleaning any equipment. that is used to heat milk.In very hard water areas Descale Ultra should be used in preference to Descale. Descale Ultra is a premium acidic circulation detergent. It contains higher levels of acids than Descale, plus addionional wetting agents.As acids dissolve scales it is neutralised. If insucient acid is used, the clean will not be eective.Descale Ultra provides more acid so can provide a more economic and faster way to clean heavily scaled equipment.

Useful TipsFourtress ChemicalsWhat does it do? When to use?Fourtress Parlour Hygiene Disinfectants 1. Cluster San must always be dispensed with a suitable dosing pump.2. Never mix Cluster San with Dairy Hypo 10, this will produce a violent reaction and produce Toxic Chlorine gas, death may result.3. Always stock rotate disinfectants to ensure maximum ecacy and always check use by dates.What is it?Cluster SanCluster San is an equilibrium solution of Acetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide to give 5% Peracetic Acid.Peracetic Acid destroys organic (carbon based) material by Oxidation, it is far more eective than Sodium Hypochlorite and does not contain any Chlorates. When used after a detergent clean Cluster San will oxidise and destroy the organic outer membranes of micro-organisms and render them harmless.Dairy Hypo 10Dairy Hypo 10 can be used as a terminal circulation disinfectant, but care must be taken to avoid taint and the build up of chlorate residues. Dairy Hypo 10 can also be used to soak disinfect small items, or, as a final wash across parlour floors.Dairy Hypo 10 is an alkaline solution of Sodium Hypochlorite. The strength of Sodium Hypochlorite solutions is expressed as the equivalent amount of available Chlorine that could be produced. The most concentrated solutions will be 14-15% available Chlorine, but these show rapid early decay. Dairy Hypo 10 is equivalent to 10% available Chlorine.Sodium Hypochlorite destroys organic (carbon based) material by oxidation. When used after a detergent clean, Dairy Hypo 10 will oxidise and destroy the organic outer membranes of micro-organisms and render them harmless.17Cluster San15Cluster San 15 is a premium acidic disinfectant that contains 15% available Peracetic AcidPeracetic Acid destroys organic (carbon based) material by Oxidation. When used after a detergent clean Cluster San 15 will oxidise and destroy the organic outer membranes of micro-organisms and render them harmless.Cluster San 15 can be used as a terminal circulation disinfectant following cleaning with a suitable detergent, followed by rinsing with potable water.It can also be used to soak disinfect small items.

Cleaning RoutinesWASH1. Wash outside of cluster and attach cluster to jetters. Remove milk filter.RINSE2. Rinse plant with 10-15 litres of cold clean water per cluster unit.7. Ensure the milk lines are completely drained before milking.3.Make up the cold cleaning solution using an approved caustic detergentat the recommended rate in cold water, allowing 10-15 litres of water per cluster.4. Allow the first 5-7 litres of cleaning solution to run to waste, and circulatethe remainder of the solution for 8-10 minutes.5. Rinse plant with 10-15 litres of cold, clean water per cluster.6. Disinfect the plant by circulating a solution of Peracetic Acid at the recommended usagerate and contact time, allowing 10-15 litres of water per cluster.CLEANINGSOLUTIONPREPARATIONCLEANINGRINSEDISINFECTIONCHECKCold Circulation of Milking Equipment:18Chlorine Free Rou�nes Am Wash Pm Wash Sunday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Monday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Tuesday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Wednesday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Thursday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Friday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Saturday Hot Descale Cold Descale Chlorine Detergent Rou�nesAm Wash Pm Wash Sunday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Monday Cold Detergent Cold Detergent Tuesday Hot Descale Cold Detergent Wednesday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Thursday Cold Detergent Cold Detergent Friday Hot Detergent Cold Descale Saturday Hot Descale Cold Detergent *Suggested *Suggested

1. Wash outside of cluster and attach cluster to jetters. Remove milk filter.2. Rinse plant with 10-15 litres of cold or warm clean water per cluster. unit.6. Ensure the milk lines are completely drained before milking.3. Make up the acid solution using an approved acid detergent at therecommended rate in hot water (75˚C to 80˚C) allowing 10-15 litres ofsolution per cluster. Note: some acid detergents can be used cold withincreased circulation time.4. For hot solution circulate for 8-10 minutes and then run to drain.For cold solution circulate for 10-15 minutes and then run to drain.5. Rinse plant with 10-15 litres of cold, clean water per cluster.Acid Descaler/Milkstone RemovalWASHRINSECLEANINGSOLUTIONPREPARATIONCLEANINGRINSECHECK19

Bulk Tank CleaningThe bulk tank has the longest contact time with milk, therefore it is essential that the tank is well managed and thoroughly cleaned.Bulk Tank Management• Milk should be cooled within 30 minutes of milking to 4˚C or less.• The plate cooler is an integral part of the cooling and bacteria control.• Adequate agitation during storage is required.Bulk Tank CleaningThe bulk tank is washed hot after every collection, therefore the milk collection day determines the Daily / Weekly Cleaning Routine of the tank. Due to hot water availability on farms, bulk tank hot washes are often on alternative days to pipeline hot washes.20Typical volume of water required to wash a tank is calculated at 1% of the tank capacity. 10,000 litre tank capacity = 100 litres of water requirement. Recommended Detergent: minimum 500mls of Dairy Wash or Dairy Wash Ultra or 800mls of Dairy CIP. Acid Detergent of 1- 2 Litre of Descale, Acid Wash or Descale Ultra. Useful Tips

22Product Range Summary

Products - Teat Care22Ready to Use Product Code HDD40/25 HDD40/200 HDD40/1000Protect FilmContains Chlorhexidine and Lactic Acid . Contains peppermint and Aloe Vera. Superior level of emollients. Film forming product.Ready to Use Chlorhexidine productPre & Post Teat Product Code HDD47/25 HDD47/200 HDD47/1000DairyHexContains Chlorhexidine.Contains eucalyptus. High level of emollients. Ready to Use Pre/Post Teat Product Code HDD44/25 HDD44/200 HDD44/1000Protect Pre & PostContains Chlorhexidine and Lactic Acid Contains peppermint and Aloe Vera. High level of emollients.Ready to Use Pre/Post TeatProduct Code HDD45/25 HDD45/200 HDD45/1000DairyLac SA Contains Lactic Acid and Acid Salicylates. Contains peppermint and Aloe Vera. High level of emollients.

23Ready to Use Post Teat Treatment25Kg Keg 200Kg Drum 1000Kg IBCProduct Code HDD43/25 HDD43/200 HDD43/1000DairyPro Ultra DipContains Lactic Acid.Contains peppermint fly repellant.Ready to Use Post Teat DipProduct Code HDD46/25 HDD46/200 HDD46/1000DairyPro Ultra Dip SAContains Lactic Acid and Acid SalicylatesContains peppermint and Aloe Vera.Barrier forming dip with superior teat conditioning agents.Udder wipes Ready to Use Post Teat Contain Lactic AcidContain high levels of emollientsBiodegradable wipes(1000 wipes)Product Code HDD 400/Bucket

Products - Parlour Hygiene24Dairy CIP UltraA superior chlorine free liquid detergent containing Sodium Hydroxide and scale dissolving chelating agents. 30Kg Keg 240Kg Drum 1250Kg IBCProduct Code HDD2/30 HDD2/240 HDD2/1300Caustic DetergentIn use concentrations:- Milking Plant - 0.8 - 1 litre/100 litres. Bulk Tanks - 0.8 - 1 litre/100 litres.Dairy CIPA chlorine free liquid detergent containing Sodium Hydroxide and scale dissolving chelating agents. 30Kg Keg 240Kg Drum 1250Kg IBCProduct Code HDD2/30 HDD2/240 HDD2/1300Caustic DetergentIn use concentrations:- Milking Plant - 0.8 - 1 litre/100 litres. Bulk Tanks - 0.8 - 1 litre/100 litres.Chlorine FreeDairy Clean PlusConcentrated powder detergent suitable for daily use to remove milk residues.Caustic Detergent20Kg BucketIn use concentrations: Cold Wash - 500g/100 litres. Hot Wash - 500g/100 litres.Product Code HDD1/20

Descale UltraHigh strength, low foam, high wetting routine acidic circulation descaler. 30Kg Keg 230Kg Drum 1250Kg IBCProduct Code HDD31/30 HDD31/230 HDD31/1250Acid DetergentIn use concentrations: Make up solution - 2 litres/100 litres.DescaleLow foam, high wetting routine acidic circulation descaler.Acid Detergent30Kg Keg 230Kg Drum 1250Kg IBCProduct Code HDD30/30 HDD30/230 HDD30/1250In use concentrations: Make up solution - 2 litres/100 litres.25Acid WashLow foaming, quick rinsing acidic circulation descaler.30Kg Keg 230Kg Drum 1250Kg IBCProduct Code HDD32/30 HDD32/230 HDD32/1250Acid DetergentIn use concentrations: Hot Wash - 1.5 litre/100 litres. Heavy Scaling - 4 litres/100 litres. Dairy WashA combination of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Hypochlorite to provide enhanced cleaning.Product Code HDD20/30 HDD20/240 HDD20/1000Chlorinated DetergentIn use concentrations: Cold Wash - 1 litre/100 litres. Hot Wash - 0.5 litre/100 litres. Bulk Tanks - 0.5 litre/100 litres. Dairy Wash UltraA combination of caustic and Sodium Hypochlorite to remove milk soilsHeavy duty chlorinated caustic detergentIn use concentrations: Cold Wash - 1 litre/100 litres. Hot Wash - 0.5 litre/100 litres. Bulk Tanks - 0.5 litre/100 litres. Product Code HDD 21/30 HDD21/240 HDD21/1000

Cluster SanAn equilibrium solution of Acetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide to give 5% Peracetic Acid for use as a terminal circulation or soak disinfectant.Product Code HDD11/25 HDD11/200 HDD11/1000 DisinfectantIn use concentrations: Disinfection - 200 - 400ml/100 litres. Cluster Dipping- 300ml/100 litres.26Cluster San 15An equilibrium solution of Acetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide to give 15% Peracetic Acid for use as a terminal circulation or soak disinfectant.Product Code HDD12/25 HDD12/200 HDD12/1000Premium DisinfectantIn use concentrations: Disinfection - 70-140ml/100 litres Cluster dipping - 100ml/100 litresDairy Hypo 10Solution of 10% available Chlorine suitable for use as a terminal circulation or soak disinfectant.DisinfectantFOURTRESS•••••100Dacidic 6 months5alCluster DippingDairy Hypo 10 may be used for cluster dipping at 500ml per 100 litres of clean water (0.5%).FOURTRESS•••••100Dacidic 6 months5alCluster DippingDairy Hypo 10 may be used for cluster dipping at 500ml per 100 litres of clean water (0.5%).In use concentrations: Disinfection - 200 - 400ml/100 litres. Product Code HDD10/25 HDD10/200 HDD10/1000Fourtress Chemical CompatibilityFourtress chemical labels are colour-coded for safety. This helps prevent mixing of incompatible neat chemicals. Store incompatible chemicals separately in the original containers away from animals and children.Colour ReactionMixing with Blue will cause violent chemical reactions.Mixing with Yellow will produce Toxic Chlorine gas.Mixing with Red will cause violent reactions.Mixing with Red will produce Toxic Chlorine gas.Mixing with Blue will cause violent chemical reactions.Red AcidsBlue CausticsYellow ChlorinatedMixing with Yellow will produce Toxic Chlorine gas.Mixing with Blue will cause violent chemical reactions.GreenTeat Care

Dairy Direct LtdKilmanagh, Kilkenny, Ireland. R95 V050Oce: 0818303081Email: info@dairydirect.ieW: www.dairydirect.ieFourtress Dairy Hygiene LtdBury, LancashireBL9 0DZOce: 0161 394 1887Sales: 0161 394 1866Email: info@fourtress.co.ukwww.fourtress.co.uk