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District of ElkfordFebruary 2025Schedule 'A'Official Community Plan

District of ElkfordBAcknowledgementsThe District of Elkford thanks the Elkford Official Community Plan Advisory Committee Members for their participation in the development of this Plan.  Councillor Duncan McDonald  Councillor Shawna Bryant  Angela Gostick  Colin Standish  Danika Reid  Abigail Talbot  Kim Bauer  Mike Le Grice  Mandy McGregorWe appreciate the time you have taken to contribute to the development of this Plan. Your input was critical to ensuring that the new Official Community Plan reflects the vision, values and opportunities in the District of Elkford.PREPARED FOR:District of Elkford744 Fording Drive Elkford, B.C. V0B 1H0ATTENTION: Council and Chief Administrative OfficerDate: February 12, 2025PREPARED BY:Urban Systems Ltd.Suite 204, 625 Front Street Nelson B.C. V1L 4B6Andrew Cuthbert, MCIP, RPP E : acuthbert@urbansystems.ca T : 604.235.1701Larissa Lychenko, MCIP, RPP E : llychenko@urbansystems.ca T : 250.352.9774File: 1732.0019.01This report is prepared for the sole use of the District of Elkford. No representations of any kind are made by Urban Systems Ltd. or its employees to any party with whom Urban Systems Ltd. does not have a contract. Copyright 2025.

Official Community Plan C

Land AcknowledgementWe acknowledge that the District of Elkford is located within Qukin ʔamakʔis, the unceded Territory of Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it. We recognize that we live and work within their vast lands. ʔakanuxunik̓ are from Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi‘it and are members of the Ktunaxa (Kootenay) speaking peoples of British Columbia, Idaho and Montana.

District of ElkfordiiContents1.0 Introduction and Purpose 11.1 What is an Official Community Plan? 31.2 The Planning Process 61.3 Structure of the Plan 102.0 Setting the Stage: Community Context 132.1 Location and Planning Area 142.2 Regional Context 213.0 The Vision 313.1 Vision 323.2 Lenses 333.3 Guiding Principles 374.0 Land Use Designations 394.1 General Land Use Objectives 414.2 Growth Boundary 424.3 Core Residential 434.4 Neighbourhood Residential 444.5 Neighbourhood Commercial Mixed-use 454.6 Large Residential Holding 464.7 Mixed-use Core 474.8 Service Commercial 484.9 Industrial 494.10 Institutional 504.11 Parks and Greenways 514.12 Rural Resource and Recreation 524.13 Agriculture 54

Official Community Plan iii5.0 Community-Wide Policies 555.1 Reconciliation with Indigenous Nations 565.2 Environment and Climate 575.3 Natural Hazards 615.4 Housing 625.5 Local Economy and Vibrancy 635.6 Social Development 655.7 Heritage 675.8 Food Security 685.9 Parks, Trails and Open Spaces 695.10 Transportation, Mobility and Access 705.11 Municipal Infrastructure, Facilities and Services 715.12 Sand and Gravel Deposits 736.0 Development Permit Areas 756.1 Establishment of Development Permit Areas 767.0 Making it Happen 917.1 Broad Strokes 927.2 Implementation 947.3 Monitoring and Evaluation 977.4 Development Review and Procedures 998.0 Maps 101

District of ElkfordivTable of TablesTable 1. Projected housing needs by dwelling (2044) ...........................20Table 2. Official Community Plan actions and partnerships. .....................94Table of FiguresFigure 1. Fall Fest ...................................................................6Figure 2. Pop-up Event .............................................................7Figure 3. Structure of the Plan .....................................................10Figure 4. User Guide ...............................................................11Figure 5. Location of the District of Elkford ........................................15Figure 6. Elkford Population Age Distribution (2021) ...............................16Figure 7. Elkford’s Population Trend 2001 to 2021 ..................................17Figure 8. Scenario-based Population Projections (2023–2043) .....................19Figure 9. Biogeoclimatic Subzones ............................................... 23Figure 10. Top Employment Industries in Elkford (2021) ........................... 25Figure 11. Mining Facilities in the Elk Valley (2020), ............................... 26Figure 12. Climate Change Overview .............................................. 27Figure 13. Elkford Total Emissions by Sector (2007 to 2021) ........................ 28Figure 14. Commercial Energy Consumption and Emissions Profile (2007 to 2021) 29Figure 15. Residential Energy Consumption and Emissions Profile (2007 to 2021) . 29Figure 16. Solid Waste Tonnage and Emissions Trends (2012-2021) ................30Figure 17. Elkford Climate Projections .............................................34Figure 18. Climate Resiliency ........................................................35

1.0 Introduction and Purpose

District of Elkford21.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSENestled within the majestic Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Elkford is a charming community that seamlessly blends rugged wilderness with a warm sense of community. With a population deeply rooted in nature and community, Elkford offers a distinctive and fulfilling living experience.Surrounded by lush forests, crystal-clear lakes and towering peaks, Elkford beckons outdoor enthusiasts with numerous activities such as hiking, mountain biking, hunting, fishing, camping, skiing and snowmobiling. The Elk Valley serves as a playground for adventurers, offering awe-inspiring vistas at every turn.Yet, Elkford’s appeal extends beyond its natural splendor; it boasts a welcoming and close-knit community. Residents take great pride in their community, actively engaging in events and initiatives that foster unity. The District provides essential amenities and services, including schools and recreational facilities, ensuring a comfortable lifestyle in a small-town setting.This blend of natural beauty and community spirit makes Elkford an idyllic destination for outdoor adventurers or families seeking a tranquil and connected lifestyle.This Plan embodies the vision of the District of Elkford residents and outlines a land use framework aimed at steering community development over the next two decades. It offers a well-rounded strategy and guidance for land use development, alongside essential policies for shaping the District of Elkford as it evolves amidst an ever-changing future.

3Official Community Plan1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE1.1 What is an Official Community Plan?What is an OCP for and who uses it?An Official Community Plan (OCP) provides the framework and direction for the development and evolution of a community. The OCP is a council-endorsed and adopted document that serves as a municipality’s highest level of policy guidance. Typically, OCPs are updated every five to ten years. The District of Elkford’s current OCP was last updated in 2012. The OCP answers the question “where will new development go and what will it look like?” but it also provides direction for a variety of important topics, including:  Recreation and parks  Social development (education, equity and inclusion, culture, poverty, etc.)  Environmental protection and hazards (areas that should not be developed)  Climate change and community resilience  Infrastructure (roads, sewer, water, electricity and telecommunications)  Economic development  Housing  Community safety  Design and architecture  Location of land uses (residential, park, industrial, commercial, etc.)Citizens, landowners, businesses and developers use the OCP to guide property and investment decisions. Council and staff use it to guide municipal decisions such as budgeting, servicing and capital projects, land use and development proposals. The school district and other agencies use it to guide facility planning as well as program and service delivery.

District of Elkford41.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE1.1.1 Interpretation and AdministrationAn OCP is an Official Community Plan as referred to in the Local Government Act (LGA) and as adopted by the District of Elkford (hereafter referred to as the District), in accordance with the requirements of the LGA.The following section provides an overview of the administrative procedures for implementing the OCP:1. This OCP comes into effect upon formal adoption by the District. 2. This OCP will be reviewed on a regular basis and, so that the document continues to reflect the long-range planning objectives of the District accurately, it is recommended that the Plan undergo a comprehensive review every five years. 3. The OCP can only encourage Elkford’s council to act; it cannot force or require future decisions by council. Furthermore, although the OCP cannot commit the District to specific expenditures, the District cannot enact bylaws or undertake works that are contrary to it without first amending the Plan. 4. No one goal, objective or policy contained within this Plan should be read in isolation from the others to imply a particular action or consequence.

5Official Community Plan1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE1.1.2 AuthorityIn British Columbia, municipalities have the authority to adopt OCPs through Part 14 of the LGA). This legislation stipulates what can and must be included in an Official Community Plan, as well as adoption procedures. This District of Elkford OCP has been prepared in compliance with this legislation. It should also be noted that the LGA provides local governments authority over land use, but not resource extraction. This means that activities such as mining, quarrying and forestry are not subject to local government bylaws. However, mineral processing and sawmills are considered use of the land and fall under the provisions of the LGA.This authority to regulate land use does not extend to the Federal or Provincial Governments for the use of lands owned by these governments. However, it does extend to leases of Provincial Crown land (although not Federal land). Therefore, some permits and tenures issued by the Provincial Government may be subject to local government land use approvals, as well as Crown approvals. These include:  Special use permits – new applications (not including forestry and other resource extraction activities)  Power projects  Land sales (future owner will be subject to local bylaws)  Quarries (extraction is not subject to local regulation, but processing may be)  Agriculture  Community/institutional uses  Transportation (some facilities/structures are subject to zoning)  Communication site (some structures may be subject to local regulations)  Industrial activities  Commercial/recreation tenures  Aquaculture/mariculture  General commercial  Film productionLands designated under the Agriculture Land Reserve are to be considered accordingly:  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this bylaw, all lands within the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) are subject to the Agricultural Land Commission Act (ALCA), its regulations, and any resolutions of the Agricultural Land Commission (ALC). The ALCA and its regulations generally prohibit or restrict non-farm use and subdivision of ALR lands, unless otherwise permitted or exempted by the ALC.

District of Elkford61.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE1.2 The Planning ProcessFigure 1. Fall Fest1.2.1 Phase 1 – Project KickoffTo kickoff the project, an OCP Advisory Committee was established. This Committee was comprised of Elkford residents of unique backgrounds to share opinions and perspectives to the project team. The Committee’s input, along with public consultation, supported a planning process intended to be one of the most open, transparent and meaningful in Elkford’s history.1.2.2 Phase 2 – Background research: understanding community issues and opportunitiesTo prepare for the development of the OCP, thorough research was conducted to understand the historical and recent background of Elkford, including past and current contexts and future prospects. The project team reviewed various bylaws, policies, studies and plans to build a foundation for the review of Elkford’s progress as a community. The 2012 OCP was audited to identify areas where there was still alignment with current community context and trends, and areas where realignment may be necessary. 1.2.3 Phase 3 – Early engagement and visioningIn October 2023, the project team undertook an engagement immersion week. Over the course of three days, the team met with various district staff, stakeholders, council, the OCP Advisory Committee and the public to begin community conversations and gain insight about the current trends, needs and wants of the community.

7Official Community Plan1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSEThe itinerary for the three days included:Day 1: To kick off the engagement process, the project team hosted a pop-up event at the Aquatic Centre, followed by Elkforward Fall Fest, an open house style event hosted at the Community Conference Centre. Fall Fest featured family friendly activities, entertainment and a variety of stations with opportunities to learn more about the project and provide feedback to inform the development of the OCP. Day 2: A series of pop-up events were held throughout the community to continue raising awareness about the project and collect input from community members. Locations included Fas Gas (now Chevron), Kootenay Market and Elkford Secondary School.Day 3: The project team held a workshop with district staff and council. The workshop began with an overview of the project and summary of the community feedback received during the in-person events held earlier that week. The team elicited feedback on key OCP topic areas through facilitated discussion activities. The OCP Advisory Committee participated in a similar workshop that evening. A public survey was released during the OCP immersion week and was made available in person at the District Office and online on Engage.Elkford.ca.Figure 2. Pop-up Event

District of Elkford81.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSEIn late 2023, the District of Elkford received funding from the Union of British Columbia Municipalities to undertake a Complete Community Assessment, known as Complete Elkford. This initiative enhanced the scope of engagement and depth of analysis for the concurrent Official Community Plan (OCP) update.Complete Community Assessments provide a structured framework for evaluating communities through four key lenses: Housing, Transportation, Infrastructure, and Access to Daily Needs. This evidence-based approach supports informed decision-making. To maximize the effectiveness of this assessment, Complete Elkford was designed around a central question: evaluating the utility of the current growth boundary and determining whether adjustments are warranted now or in the future.By focusing the assessment on the growth boundary, the District aimed to identify strategies for directing future growth in a manner that optimizes existing infrastructure, minimizes the need for additional hard infrastructure, and promotes efficiency. Through this, the assessment supports Elkford in planning new development while addressing housing, transportation, daily needs, and infrastructure comprehensively.Ultimately, this analysis will provide the District of Elkford with a deeper understanding of the strengths, opportunities, and challenges associated with growth and the current growth boundary. The findings will offer valuable insights to guide the ongoing Official Community Plan update.Complete Elkford Project

9Official Community Plan1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSEFollowing the OCP immersion week and close of the survey, a “What We Heard Report” was released to summarize the survey results, events and conversations had throughout the week. 1.2.4 Phase 4: First Draft of the Official Community Plan Building on the information collected during the initial three phases of the project, the team developed the first draft of Elkford’s new Official Community Plan (OCP). Insights from the Complete Elkford project were also integrated into this draft. The Complete Elkford project examined the community through four key lenses—housing, transportation, daily needs, and infrastructure—to enhance understanding of how Elkford can evolve into a more complete community. The initial draft was reviewed by the District of Elkford leadership team, followed by revisions. The updated draft was then released in summer of 2024 to the public for comment. Following the public release of the Draft OCP, roundtable discussion guides were made available to encourage the public to submit their feedback on the Plan. During the Fall of 2024, an OCP Open House was held at the Community Conference Centre. This event featured family friendly events such as face-painting and crafts as well a community dinner hosted by the Lions Club. A series of stations were organized to present information on various chapters of the Official Community Plan (OCP), along with additional stations showcasing findings from the Complete Community Project. Attendees were invited to express their level of support for the proposed OCP policies and were encouraged to provide additional feedback where applicable.1.2.5 Second Draft of the PlanA summary report on the Summer and Fall engagement was prepared highlighting the input received from the public. The draft plan was revised according to the engagement feedback. The second draft was then circulated to Elkford leadership to review the OCP and recent updates made since the draft was originally released. 1.2.6 Finalize and Approve the Plan The final draft of the OCP was created to incorporate the input received on the second draft. After a final review for legislative and legal compliance, the bylaw was submitted to council for approval.

District of Elkford101.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE1.3 Structure of the Plan 1.0 Introduction and Purpose 2.0 The Vision3.0 Setting the Stage4.0 Land Use Designations5.0 Community-Wide Policies6.0 Development Permit Areas7.0 Making it HappenFigure 3. Structure of the PlanThe OCP is organized into the seven chapters. Chapter one introduces the reader to the purpose and authority of the OCP, the structure of the OCP and provides an overview of the planning process and the steps taken to engage with the community. Chapter two outlines the community’s vision, lenses and guiding principles. The vision, lenses and principles are woven through the entire OCP. Chapter three provides useful context for the OCP and key background information on demographics, the economy, environment and projections for future growth. In Chapter four the Plan shifts focus to the future and presents the land use designations and associated policies that will guide development over the next 20 years. Chapter five includes community-wide social, environmental, and economic policies and objectives. Chapter six includes critical information on development permit areas (DPA) and temporary use permits. The final chapter outlines the roadmap to implement and monitor the progress of the OCP.The OCP concludes with a chapter focused on implementation, which contains a framework for implementing and monitoring the progress of the plan. The proposed monitoring framework is linked closely to the vision, lenses and guiding principles to ensure that the community continues to work towards its overarching goals.

11Official Community Plan1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSEThe content in this plan has distinct intentions and effects. One group of sections, listed below, creates the force and effect of the bylaw. The other sections are provided only for information and convenience. The sections that create the force and effect of the bylaw include: 1. Objectives2. Policies3. Land Use Designations4. Schedules A and B – Future Land Use Maps All other sections, including introductory text and background information, are provided for information only. 1.3.1 User Guide Figure 4. User GuidePolicy AreaDescription of the policy area, including its purpose and relation to the vision and principles of the Plan.ObjectivesCommunity objectives for the policy area.PoliciesThe policy statements that the District will implement to achieve the objectives and vision.

District of Elkford121.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE

2.0 Setting the Stage: Community Context

District of Elkford142.0 SETTING THE STAGE2.1 Location and Planning Area2.1.1 LocationThe District of Elkford is located in Ktunaxa Territory, in southeastern British Columbia. Elkford is found in the upper Elk Valley at the junction of Boivin Creek and the Elk River, as shown in Figure 5. Elkford is situated on Highway 43, 35 km north of the junction at Highway 3. The townsite is lovingly referred to as being either at “the beginning” or “the end” of the road; Highway 43 ends in Elkford with the Fording Highway leading northeast and a non-paved road leading north to Elk Lakes Provincial Park. Despite its separation from direct transportation routes, Elkford is within several hours’ drive of major centres such as Calgary, Spokane and Edmonton and is located approximately:  35 km north of Sparwood, B.C.;  55 km northwest of the Alberta border crossing;  68 km northeast of Fernie, B.C.; and,  163 km northeast of Cranbrook, B.C. The District of Elkford has an incorporated area of 101 km2, and the community is bounded by the Regional District of East Kootenay Electoral Area A.

152.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community PlanFigure 5. Location of the District of Elkford

District of Elkford162.0 SETTING THE STAGE2.1.2 Demographic ProfileAs of 2021, a total of 2,749 residents live in the District1. The average age of Elkford residents is 38 years old, which is close to the provincial average of 42 years. Figure 6 below displays the total population by age category in Elkford in 2021. Residents between the ages of 20 and 44 make up the highest population demographic (34%) and the population aged 75+ makes up the smallest demographic (3%). 02004006008001,0005805 – 19years20 – 44years45 – 64years65 – 74years75+years94074026080Population Figure 6. Elkford Population Age Distribution (2021)It is important to look at population data to determine future needs for housing, facilities and services and to understand how growth may impact development and land use in the community. Elkford’s population has fluctuated over the last two decades, with a notable decline in the 2000s and increasing overall since then, but not steadily (Figure 7). 1 Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Data.

172.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community Plan2,5002,5502,6002,6502,7002,7502000 20102005 2015 20202,7182,6062,5272,6922,5872,6402,731PopulationFigure 7. Elkford’s Population Trend 2001 to 20212.1.3 Growth Projections and Future Housing NeedsFuture population growth for the District of Elkford will be influenced by a number of factors, including the availability of housing and essential services such as education and health care, and the continued operation and success of projected industrial initiatives such as proposed mining projects. With a majority of Elkford’s working population being employed either directly or indirectly by the mining industry, the community population is heavily influenced by the ebbs and flows of the global mining sector. In the future, Elkford’s population may not primarily be employed directly or indirectly by the mining industry. Mining and shift work have implications for growth, as a number of employees stay in temporary accommodations, creating a “shadow population” that is difficult to quantify for housing needs purposes. The areas surrounding Elkford and mining shift schedules may hold other opportunities that can influence how the population of Elkford is employed. Some examples of other such opportunities are:  Changes to industrial employee shift schedules (requiring more workers to live and work within the District);  Large forestry projects (alternative industry employer);  Destination trails and recreation projects (increased tourism and residents); and,  Other future industrial projects.

District of Elkford182.0 SETTING THE STAGEThese opportunities, or a combination of them, can influence the number of full-time or seasonal residents. This is further discussed in the following section. This also can place potential stress on infrastructure such as water, sewer or roads within the District. Growth ScenariosTo ensure the District is well prepared, growth scenarios have been prepared to help guide our understanding of future community and land needs. Two growth scenarios have been developed to illustrate potential development in Elkford, including population growth and housing needs. Scenario One, Business as Usual, illustrates Elkford as it continues on its current path with no major changes to its context or economy. Scenario Two, Enhanced Growth, illustrates sustained growth in the mining industry and an increase of developing industries such as outdoor recreation, as well as increased remote workers due to improved telecommunications in Elkford.Scenario One: Business as UsualScenario Two: Enhanced GrowthThe District of Elkford continues its current path of modest population growth.(0.7% growth)Mining operations continue; however telecommunications improve, resulting in more full-time residents in Elkford, including remote working professionals. Seasonal tourism operations also increase and expand operations. (1.0% growth)The population projections in Figure 8 demonstrate how various assumptions in the two growth scenarios could impact population growth in the District if mining operations continue as they are and telecommunications and tourism operations expand2. 2 The population growth rate is calculated based on current growth projections for the District of Elkford from Statistics Canada.

192.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community Plan2,0002,2002,4002,6002,8003,0003,2003,4003,6002020 20302025 203520452040Scenario One: Business As Usual 0.70%Scenario Two: Business As Usual 1.00%Population Figure 8. Scenario-based Population Projections (2023–2043)

20 District of Elkford2.0 SETTING THE STAGEHouseholds and Household SizeIn the District of Elkford, the average household size is approximately 2.3 persons, with roughly 1,160 households in the community. It is possible to estimate future housing needs using the two scenarios outlined above. By 2044, it is estimated that between 182 and 269 additional homes will be needed in the District of Elkford to accommodate future growth.Under Scenario One, Business as Usual, 182 additional homes will be required by 2044. However, Scenario Two, the Enhanced Growth, could require 269 additional homes (Table 1). The distribution of industrial workers between Elkford and neighbouring communities can also significantly influence housing needs and related infrastructure requirements such as roads, sanitation, water and sewer services.Table 1. Projected housing needs by dwelling (2044)Households – Scenario One: Business As UsualHouseholds – Scenario Two: Enhanced GrowthProjected Housing Needs by Dwelling TypeTotal UnitsPercent of TotalTotal Units NeededTotal Units NeededSingle detached 630 54% 99 146Semi detached 65 6% 10 15Apartment in a building less than five storeys220 19% 34 51Row house 10 1% 2 2Mobile home 235 20% 37 55Totals 1,160 100% 182 269

212.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community Plan2.2 Regional Context2.2.1 Indigenous TerritoryThe District of Elkford is located within the Territory of the Ktunaxa People. The Ktunaxa People have occupied the East Kootenay region for more than 10,000 years. Their Territory extends approximately 70,000 km2 within the Kootenay region of British Columbia, crossing borders into Alberta, Montana, Washington and Idaho. Prior to European settlement, the Ktunaxa People travelled throughout the territory according to the seasons and availability of food. Upon settlement in the 1800s, the colonial government created reserves through the Indian Act. In recognition that the connection between people and land is not separate and the OCP lens of reconciliation with Indigenous Nations, we have included “ʔaknumu¢tiŧiŧ”, the Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it Statement of Natural Law to consider throughout this document: ʔaknumu¢tiŧiŧ is our word for the law given to the Ktunaxa by the Creator. It is a powerful word and speaks to why we were put here on this land. We were born into this land and someday we will return through death. The Creator put us here for a reason and that reason is to take care of the land and its resources. The law of the land, ʔaknumu¢tiŧiŧ is the law for survival. The law protects the values inherent in our land. The land gives us the resources to survive, and in return, we uphold our covenant with the Creator to protect and not overuse the land. The law is grounded in the fact that all things are connected and must be kept in balance. It is also the foundation of our spirituality - that of being humble in our limited understanding and of being respectful of our role within nature and with our creatures, as well as being respectful and acknowledging the Creator and our ancestors.(Ktunaxa Nation 2010)

22 District of Elkford2.0 SETTING THE STAGE2.2.2 Natural HeritageThe District of Elkford is nestled in the Upper Elk Valley, within the Rocky Mountain range at the junction of the Elk River and Boivin Creek. Ecosystems in the Elkford AreaThe two primary biogeoclimatic (BGC) zones found within the District of Elkford are Montane Spruce (MS) and Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSF). Portions of the valley south of Elkford are in the Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICH) zone. Dominant BGC subzones within the District are:  Dry Cool Montane Spruce biogeoclimatic subzone (MSdk).  Dry Cool Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSFdk).Figure 9 illustrates the BGC subzones within and around the District of Elkford.3 The MSdk subzone occurs in valley bottoms and lower valley slopes of the eastern Purcell and Rocky Mountains. The average temperature is below 0°C for five months of the year and above 10°C for two to four months. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 380 to 660 mm. The growing season is warm and dry and moisture deficits can occur, particularly in the drier subzones.ESSFdk is a higher elevation subzone and is a forested subzone that is widespread across southeastern B.C. The ESSF has a relatively cold, moist, and snowy climate. Mean monthly temperatures are below 0°C for five to seven months and only above 10°C for zero to two months. Mean annual precipitation is highly variable ranging from 500 to 2,200 mm annually. Most (50 to 70%) of the precipitation falls as snow and maximum snowpack ranges from about 1 to 4 m.Dominant vegetation in the MSdk subzone includes sasakatoon, snowberry, false azalea, soopolallie, twinflower, pinegrass and heart-leaved arnica. In the ESSFdk, dominant vegetation includes false azalea, black huckleberry, black gooseberry, grouseberry and arnica. 3 District of Elkford (2006) Wildland/Urban Interface: Wildfire Management Strategy.

23Official Community Plan2.0 SETTING THE STAGEFigure 9. Biogeoclimatic Subzones

District of Elkford242.0 SETTING THE STAGEWildlife SpeciesMany animal species thrive in specific niche ecosystems. Wildlife in the Elkford area has adapted to either survive or avoid the deep snows of winter. The extensive seral stands of lodgepole pine provide summer and fall range for moose, white-tail deer and mule deer. Both mammals prefer the lower elevation mature coniferous forests of hybrid white spruce and subalpine fir. Ungulates in the area migrate to lower elevations during winter to escape deep snow.Steep south-facing grassland slopes, though not extensive in this area, are locally important as foraging areas for Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep. With their lush forage production, avalanche tracks are feeding habitats for grizzly bear, black bear, elk and moose. Riparian areas and water bodies are very important summer habitats for a variety of mammals, birds and amphibians. Moose and mule deer often select these habitats in the summer to drop and rear their calves and fawns because of the abundant forage and dense security cover.A variety of resident and migratory bird species are found in these forests including woodpeckers, flycatchers, jays, crows, chickadees, nuthatches, thrushes, sparrows, hummingbirds and finches. With the combination of forests, fish bearing streams and open space, this area provides good hunting habitat for a number of raptor species including eagles, hawks, vultures, kestrels and owls.4Endangered Species The BGC zones in the Elkford area contain species listed as threatened or endangered (red listed) and species of concern (blue listed). Some of the red listed species that can be found around Elkford include: Prairie Falcon, American Badger, Peregrine Falcon, Bay-Breasted Warbler, among others. Blue listed species include: Wolverine, Black Swift, Mountain Goat, Great Blue Heron, Common Nighthawk, Grizzly Bear, among others.5The Elk RiverThe Elk River is 220 km long and has a drainage basin of 4,450 km2 in area. It originates from the Elk Lakes near the Continental Divide in the Rocky Mountains and flows through the Elk Valley in a southwesterly direction. The fly fishing in the Elk River is known to be some of the best in North America.4 District of Elkford (2006) Wildland/Urban Interface: Wildfire Management Strategy. 5 Government of British Columbia (2023) B.C. Species and Ecosystems Explorer.

252.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community Plan2.2.3 Economic Heritage and Working LandsThe economy of Elkford is largely tied to the resource extraction industry, primarily in coal mining. As of the most recent census (2021), 48% of the Elkford workforce was employed in mining, with other top industries being construction (8%), retail (5%) and public administration (5%).6 The Elkford 2022 Community Profile shows a similar labour force with 53% of residents employed in mining, 7% in both public administration and retail, and accommodation and food at 5% and construction at 4%. While these statistics show a slight variation in labour force, it still indicates the large number of residents employed in the mining industry.7The District has an employment rate of 65% and a participation rate of 69%. Figure 10 shows the distribution of Elkford’s working population across key industries.86 Statistics Canada Census Data (2021)7 Elkford Community Profile. (2022), Elk Valley Economic Initiative. 8 Statistics Canada Census Data (2021)Other services(except public administration)Transportation and warehousingAdministrative and support,waste management andremediation servicesHealth care and social assistanceRetail tradeEducational servicesProfessional, scientific andtechnical servicesWholesale tradeManagement of companiesand enterprisesArts, entertainmentand recreationManufacturingFinance and insuranceAccommodation and food servicesPublic administrationConstructionMining% of workforce0% 10% 20% 30% 40%50%48%8%5%5%5%4%4%4%3%3%2%2%1%1%1%1%Figure 10. Top Employment Industries in Elkford (2021)

District of Elkford262.0 SETTING THE STAGEThe mining industry is overwhelmingly the largest employment sector in the community. This dominance is due to Elkford’s proximity to the following four mining facilities:  Greenhills Operations (6 km northeast of the Elkford townsite);  Fording Operations (29 km north of the Elkford townsite);  Line Creek Operations (23 km south of the Elkford townsite);  Elkview Operations (32 km south of the Elkford townsite).Kootenay RiverAlpine ParkSt. Mary'sParkConservancyWildernessPur cellParkKianukoWorld ParkTop of TheLake ParkWhiteswanBee hiveWildlandBob CreekCastleWildlandCastleProtectedCo rri dorConservancyWildernessPur cellK OOTENAYEASTElkfordFording RiverSparwoodFernieElk RiverLake KoocanusaGreenhillsCoal MineTownLine CreekElkviewCoalMountainEsri Canada, Esri, TomTom, Garmin, SafeGraph, METI/NASA, USGS, EPA, USDA, NRCan, Parks Canada | Esri Canada, Esri, TomTom, Garmin, SafeGraph, METI/NASA, USGS, EPA, USDA, NRCan, Parks Canada Figure 11. Mining Facilities in the Elk Valley (2020)9,10 2.2.4 Energy and Emissions ProfileCanadian municipalities can influence over 50% of the Nation’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions11. As a result, we play a crucial role in advancing provincial emissions reduction goals of 40% reduction by 2030, 60% reduction by 2040 and 80% reduction by 205012. Provincial legislation mandates that local governments in British Columbia incorporate GHG reduction targets, as well as policies and actions for meeting these targets within their OCP or regional growth strategy. 9 Elk Valley Mines. (2020). Elk Valley Coal News. 10 In 2022, Coal Mountain became a training facility.11 https://fcm.ca/en/resources/mcip/building-legacy-local-climate-action.12 British Columbia’s emission reduction targets use 2007 as a baseline (CleanBC Roadmap 2030).

272.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community PlanFigure 12. Climate Change OverviewUnderstanding Our InfluenceA critical part of setting and achieving emissions reductions targets is understanding where we have the most influence and what sectors provide the greatest emissions reduction potential. Pinpointing these areas helps us strategically allocate resources, implement targeted measures and make informed decisions.Elkford has relatively high influence over GHG emissions in the following areas:  Direct control: emissions from municipal buildings and facilities, fleet vehicles and solid waste management.  Indirect control: transportation emissions, land use and commercial and residential buildings and waste.GHGsTRANSPORTATIONImpacts Sources of Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse EffectHIGHER TEMPERATURESLOSS OFBIODIVERSITYDROUGHTEXTREME WEATHER EVENTSOUTGOING HEATABSORBED BY GHGsWILDFIRESGLACIAL MELT &SNOW COVER LOSSLOSS OF COASTLINE, INFRASTRUCTURE AND HABITATSOCIAL & ECONOMICIMPACTSSea Level RiseBUILDINGSTRANSPORTATIONWASTEGHGs

District of Elkford282.0 SETTING THE STAGEOverall, Elkford’s emissions mainly come from buildings (commercial and residential), transportation and solid waste. Figure 13 shows the trend of total emissions across each of these sectors between 2007 and 202113. 50,0000100,000150,000250,000200,0002008 2012 2014 2016 20182010 2020TransportBuildingsWasteEmissions (t CO2e)Figure 13. Elkford Total Emissions by Sector (2007 to 2021)As of 2021, Elkford’s emissions across buildings, transportation and waste sectors totalled approximately 225,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (t CO2e)14. 93% of those emissions are from buildings, 6% are from transportation and the remaining 1% are from waste (Figure 13).BuildingsThe community’s buildings, including residential and commercial, small, medium or industrial (CSMI), are significant contributors to emissions. Figure 14 and Figure 15 show CSMI and residential building energy consumption and emissions, respectively.13 Emissions insights are developed using Community Energy and Emissions Inventory (CEEI) transportation, buildings and solid waste reports for all available years (2007 to 2021). 14 Total emissions calculated using 2021 Community Energy and Emissions Inventory (CEEI) transportation, buildings and solid waste reports.

292.0 SETTING THE STAGEOfficial Community Plan 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000 4,000,000 4,500,0002007201020122014201620182020Emissions (t CO2e)Energy Consumption (GJ)ConsumptionEmissionsFigure 14. Commercial Energy Consumption and Emissions Profile (2007 to 2021)ConsumptionEmissions 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,0002007201020122014201620182020Emissions (t CO2e)Energy Consumption (GJ)Figure 15. Residential Energy Consumption and Emissions Profile (2007 to 2021)In 2021, buildings represented approximately 93% of total emissions (209,000 t CO2e). Of this amount, 97% come from CSMI buildings (Figure 15).

District of Elkford302.0 SETTING THE STAGETransportationIn 2010, the Elkford Official Community Plan cited 2,187 vehicles (0.85 per capita) registered in the District. In 2021, there was a total of 3,114 vehicles registered in Elkford15 and the total population was 2,726 (1.14 per capita)16. While the number of vehicles per capita increased between 2010 and 2021, the proportion of Elkford’s total emissions attributable to transportation has decreased from approximately 8% in 2010 to 6% in 2021 – a 2% decrease in the proportion of total emissions attributable to transportation. Commuting data can supplement transportation use and emissions insights. Of the 1,315 people commuting to work in 2021, 69% used private vehicles, 24% took public transit, 5% walked and 2% used an unspecified mother mode of transportation17.WasteWaste-in-place (WIP) is a count of greenhouse gases emitted in a given year. Waste disposed of at Elkford’s landfills accounts for only 1% of our total emissions18. Both the amount of solid waste (waste tonnage) and emissions are increasing in Elkford (Figure 16). - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,5002012201320142015201620172018201920202021Emissions (t CO2e)TonnageWaste tonnageWaste emissionsFigure 16. Solid Waste Tonnage and Emissions Trends (2012-2021)15 Insurance Corporation of British Columbia. (2021). Vehicle Insurance Policies in Force, Elkford. Includes passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, motor homes, and motorcycles.16 Population data from British Columbia Population Estimates Municipal and sub-provincial areas population 2001 to 2011, and 2011 to 2023.17 Statistics Canada Census Data (2021).18 Based on population and adjusted for floating populations like tourism and calculated using waste commitment values.

3.0 The Vision

District of Elkford323.0 VISION3.1 VisionThe community vision sets the North Star for the entire OCP. The policy directions outlined in the Plan stem from an attempt to realize this vision within the timescale of this Plan. This vision will guide growth and development in Elkford to 2044. The future of Elkford is a safe, affordable, vibrant community surrounded by a beautiful wilderness environment. The community will have a stable and diversified economy, supported by engaged citizens with a strong sense of community pride.”

33Official Community Plan3.0 VISION3.2 LensesThe community is committed to both climate resilience and reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples. During community engagement, these two topics were described as transcending beyond individual guiding principles and instead felt more like lenses that should be applied throughout the document. These commitments serve as the lenses through which all aspects of the OCP are developed, assessed and implemented. At a minimum, each policy in this Plan has been reviewed from these two perspectives with a critical eye to ensure compatibility with the lenses and identify, where possible, areas to optimize the policy from each perspective.While climate resilience and reconciliation are presented here as distinct lenses, they are not separate from one another. The impacts of climate change and the actions required to address them are connected to lands and resources to which Indigenous Nations hold rights and have been stewarding and protecting for millennia. Indigenous Peoples are leaders in climate change mitigation and planning. Indigenous knowledges, ways of knowing and histories are critical to climate action, both independently and in combination with Western scientific knowledge. As such, the two lenses are inherently intertwined: the success of Elkford’s climate resilience efforts is inextricable from our progress on reconciliation. 3.2.1 Climate ResilienceIn recent years, Elkford has seen firsthand the effects of a changing climate, including record-breaking droughts and heatwaves, air pollution due to forest fires from near and far and floods. These changes have impacted our built, natural and social infrastructure and systems. The impacts of climate change on Elkford are projected to increase in frequency and severity in the coming decades as Elkford becomes wetter and warmer (Figure 17).

District of Elkford343.0 VISIONProjections are from ClimateData.ca. The projections for 2021 to 2050 and 2071 to 2100 are from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project6 (CMIP6). They use SSP (Shared Socio-Economic Pathways) 5 - 8.5, which shows what will happen if emissions continue to rise at the current rate until the end of the century. Figure 17. Elkford Climate ProjectionsWarmerWetterMORE ANNUAL PRECIPITATIONMORE VERY HOT DAYSHistorically (1981–2020), there has only been an average of one day per year that exceeded 30ºC. In the near future (2021–2050), this number is expected to increase to four and in the distant future (2071–2100) to 28, an increase of 27 days of 30ºC or hotter. For the 1981-2020 period, the average warmest daytime temperature was 28.6ºC. This is expected to increase to 36.1ºC during 2071–2100, a 7.5ºC or 22.6% increase. HIGHER PEAK DAYTIME TEMPERATURESAverage number of 30°C or hotter days1dayHistoricaldays4Near future(2021-2050)days28Far future(2071-2100)Near future(2021-2050)mm714Far future(2071-2100)Very Hot DaysAverage warmest daytime temperature 29°CHistorical31°CNear future(2021-2050)36°CFar future(2071-2100)Hottest DayTotal annual precipitation (mm)640mmHistoricalmm665PrecipitationAverage annual precipitation for 1981-2010 was 640mm. This is projected to increase by 3.9% between now and 2050 and by 11.7% between 2071 and 2100.

35Official Community Plan3.0 VISIONA climate-resilient Elkford is one that can withstand and recover from the impacts of events related to these changes. Using a climate resilience lens means integrating climate adaptation and mitigation throughout our policies. Doing so supports our efforts to reduce our exposure to climate change impacts (adapt), actively contribute to emissions reduction (mitigate) and pursue community priorities such as economic diversification and tourism. Figure 18. Climate ResiliencyReduce exposure to climate change (adapt)Reduce emissions (mitigate)Pursue community priorities

District of Elkford363.0 VISION3.2.2 Reconciliation A reconciliation framework is one in which Canada’s political and legal systems, educational and religious institutions, the corporate sector and civic society function in ways that are consistent with the principles set out in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which Canada has endorsed. Together, Canadians must do more than just talk about reconciliation; we must learn how to practise reconciliation in our everyday lives—within ourselves and our families, and in our communities, governments, places of worship, schools, and workplaces. To do so constructively, Canadians must remain committed to the ongoing work of establishing and maintaining respectful relationships.”Honouring the truth, reconciling for the future: summary of the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.(2015).Critical to developing and implementing an OCP aligned with Elkford’s vision is assessing how the objectives and policies contained in the OCP impact Indigenous Peoples. Elkford aims to accomplish this through a lens of reconciliation.The District of Elkford acknowledges that reconciliation is not only a goal but also a process – one that is core to fulfilling the community vision and one that requires a commitment to respectful and reciprocal relationships with Indigenous Nations. Throughout the objectives and policies contained in this OCP, Elkford will strive to celebrate Indigenous cultures, traditions, and contributions while honouring their inherent rights and self-governance. This is critical to creating an environment of mutual understanding, respect, collaboration and fostering a harmonious and inclusive society. Elkford is committed to developing meaningful partnerships and providing equitable opportunities. A reconciliation lens helps create a vibrant and prosperous future where all individuals, communities and governments advance their goals and thrive together.

37Official Community Plan3.0 VISION3.3 Guiding PrinciplesThe OCP’s guiding principles support the vision and lenses, providing a tangible framework for their implementation. The guiding principles exist to inform decision-making and reinforce key policy directions. All policies included in the OCP align with at least one of the guiding principles. Focus new development within existing neighbourhoods to make the best use of the District’s existing infrastructure and ensure diverse and affordable housing stock. Provide a mix of transportation options to promote walking, cycling and mobility for all.Foster an engaged, welcoming and friendly District.Celebrate cultural diversity and increase community events.Recognize the importance of economic diversification and support opportunities for new development, including a strong mixed-use district core.Seek opportunities and partnerships to enhance access to healthcare and other community supports and programming.Preserve and enhance access to outdoor recreation, trails and nature for all ages and abilities.1234567Guiding Principles

District of Elkford383.0 VISION

4.0 Land Use Designations

District of Elkford404.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONSThe OCP establishes the vision for how land will be used in the District of Elkford in the years ahead. This is accomplished through a series of land use designations. Not to be confused with zoning bylaw categories, Elkford’s land use designations establish high-level goals and intentions for various parts of the District. The following sections define objectives and policies for each of the land use designations. The land use designations are mapped in Schedule B and include:  District Growth Boundary  Residential Designations » Core residential » Neighbourhood residential » Large residential holding  Commercial/Industrial Designations » Core mixed-use » Neighbourhood commercial mixed-use » Service commercial/light industrial » Industrial  Other Designations » Civic/institutional » Parks and greenways » Rural resource and recreation

41Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.1 General Land Use ObjectivesThese land use objectives apply to all land in the District regardless of its land use designation.1. Build a vibrant mixed-use core which is the hub for community life and economic activity.2. Enhance liveability through high quality community facilities, complete streets and public spaces.3. Connect all residential neighbourhoods to mixed-use commercial areas by more than one transportation mode.4. Provide flexibility for unique development proposals while maintaining clarity on the core values and vision for future development.5. Provide sufficient land to meet anticipated needs and demands for residential development. 6. Provide sufficient land to meet anticipated needs and demands for service commercial and industrial uses.7. Accommodate a mix of housing types and densities within all residential areas.

District of Elkford424.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.2 Growth Boundary The intent of the growth boundary is to focus new development to make the best use of the existing infrastructure and capital investments. This approach allows the District to provide new or enhanced services in the most fiscally, socially and environmentally responsible way. By focusing development within this boundary, the District will limit the amount of new infrastructure needed to service growth. The boundary clearly communicates the intention to limit risk posed by overextending municipal services to new areas before they are required. The Province of British Columbia requires Official Community Plans to be updated every five years. This interval will allow the District to revisit the boundary on a regular basis to ensure that its extent is still appropriate for the level of development activity and capacity of existing coverage areas to accommodate growth. The growth boundary and the infrastructure systems it contains have sufficient capacity to accommodate the range of population projections for the next 20 years (see Section 3.1.3). Objectives1. Intensify development within the Growth Boundary to ensure the best use of the District’s existing infrastructure and capital investments. 2. Maintain a relevant growth boundary to ensure that its extent is appropriate for anticipated development activity and capacity of existing areas to accommodate growth. Policies1. Identify areas for residential and commercial growth within the growth boundary designated on Schedule B. 2. Discourage extensions of municipal water and sewer services outside of the growth boundary until it can be demonstrated that the current boundary cannot accommodate future development.3. Review and update the growth boundary when there is little to no opportunity for further infill and intensification of the existing urban area.

43Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.3 Core ResidentialThe lands designated core residential are intended for higher density residential uses close to the mixed-use core of Elkford. Locating residents close to commercial amenities and services helps to create a more vibrant and active community. Objectives1. Establish higher residential density adjacent to the mixed-use core designation. 2. Provide a range of dwelling unit sizes to support more attainable and affordable housing. Policies1. Permit higher density residential development within areas designated as core residential in Schedule B. 2. Permit a variety of building forms including multi-storey apartment buildings and townhouses in both horizontal and stacked configurations.3. Discourage lower density forms of residential in this designation.4. Explore incentives for development of vacant sites in this area, with additional emphasis on developments that include a component of affordable housing or rental tenure dwellings.

District of Elkford444.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.4 Neighbourhood Residential The lands designated neighbourhood residential include existing residential neighbourhoods and potential areas within the growth boundary for neighbourhood expansion. While existing neighbourhoods are mostly made up of single unit dwellings and mobile homes, it is intended that these areas will intensify over time with the addition of small-scale multi-unit housing forms. Objectives1. Support compatible infill and intensification within existing residential neighbourhoods.2. Consider neighbourhood expansions adjacent to existing neighbourhoods. 3. Permit infill development.4. Maintain existing mobile home parks. Policies1. Permit the development of small-scale multi-unit housing forms within areas designated neighbourhood residential in Schedule B. 2. Permit building sizes and scales which are compatible with existing adjacent uses.3. Permit home-based businesses that do not disturb the residential character of the neighbourhood.4. Allow bed and breakfasts provided that such developments can accommodate parking off street. 5. Permit the establishment of daycares, both within homes and as stand-alone uses.6. Identify and encourage development of existing and serviced parcels of available land within the district growth boundary for infill. 7. Permit mobile home parks on lots greater than 1.8 ha in size.8. Consider incentives for the development of additional dwellings on private property.What could four units on a lot look like?1 principle house and 1 secondary suite and 2 Accessory dwelling units1 duplex and 2 secondary suites4 townhouses1 fourplex

45Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.5 Neighbourhood Commercial Mixed-useThe lands designated neighbourhood commercial mixed-use are intended to provide small-scale commercial amenities at appropriate locations in neighbourhoods to reduce vehicle trips and provide residents with convenient access to basic services.Objectives1. Provide small-scale commercial opportunities at key locations within neighbourhoods.Policies1. Permit the development of mixed-use commercial buildings within areas designated neighbourhood commercial mixed-use in Schedule B.2. Permit residential dwelling units above ground floor commercial. 3. Consider incentives for developments that include a portion of residential rental tenure units or affordable housing above ground floor commercial.4. Permit commercial uses that are compatible with nearby residential uses, including those that do not create significant noise, odour or light impacts. Examples of desirable uses include restaurants, convenience stores, galleries, coffee houses, small scale retail and professional offices.

District of Elkford464.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.6 Large Residential HoldingThe large residential holding designation is intended to provide larger unserviced residential lots outside the existing growth boundary. It is intended that these areas will retain the wilderness character and complement the recreational or forestry purposes.Objectives1. Provide for limited subdivision areas to mitigate impacts on the environment, natural features and recreational and wilderness values.Policies1. Support the development of large residential uses within areas designated large residential holdings in Schedule B.2. Consider geotechnical/hydro geological issues, including down-slope potential impacts prior to subdivision design in order to avoid development in unsuitable areas.3. Consider views from Elkford and recognize that the preservation of existing recreation and wilderness trails will be required.4. Ensure development takes advantage of natural environment features and retain natural vegetation and landforms where possible.5. Integrate wildlife corridors into subdivision layout.

47Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.7 Mixed-use CoreThe lands designated mixed-use core are intended to develop as the commercial heart of Elkford. This area will provide local services, commercial amenities and business opportunities supported by higher density residential development.Objectives1. Establish a thriving mixed-use core area that serves residents and visitors alike.2. Direct commercial accommodations providers to the mixed-use core.Policies1. Permit the development of mixed-use commercial and residential buildings within areas designated core mixed use in Schedule B.2. Permit a variety of commercial and civic uses, with residential uses being directed above the ground floor.3. Establish form and character guidelines to create a pedestrian-oriented and distinct area for community gathering and commerce.4. Create a unique, accessible and flexible public realm that encourages people to gather, incorporates public art and provides space for community events. 5. Consider a development cost charge waiver bylaw for affordable housing, rental tenure housing and developments that demonstrate low environmental impact.6. Consider policies to support mobile vendors and temporary events on underutilized public and private lands.7. Encourage outdoor seating for food and drink establishments.8. Explore the feasibility of a potential mixed-use core designation for the current workforce parking area.

District of Elkford484.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.8 Service Commercial The lands designated service commercial are intended for commercial uses that are not compatible with existing residential neighbourhoods or desirable for the mixed-use core.Objectives1. Maintain a supply of service commercial land to accommodate businesses interested in expanding or locating in Elkford.2. Limit permitted uses in these areas so as not to draw desired activity away from the mixed-use core.Policies1. Support the development of service commercial uses within areas designated service commercial in Schedule B.2. Maintain an inventory of vacant service commercial land and consider expansions to this designation when demand warrants.3. Establish form and character guidelines to create a functional commercial area that includes landscaping and screening requirements along highways and between more sensitive uses.

49Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.9 IndustrialThe lands designated industrial are intended for heavy and light industrial activity not compatible with more sensitive uses. A diversified and stable industrial base will contribute to a more resilient and sustainable community.Objectives1. Maintain a supply of industrial land to accommodate businesses interested in expanding or locating in Elkford.2. Encourage improvement of existing industrial properties to present an organized and functional industrial park.Policies1. Support the development of industrial uses within areas designated Industrial in Schedule B.2. Permit accessory residential uses provided the residential component of a building is clearly accessory to the primary industrial use.3. Consider temporary use permits on a case-by-case basis to facilitate workforce camps as temporary solutions to accommodations shortages. The community does not support workforce camps as a long-term accommodation solution.4. Work with government landowners to explore Crown land acquisitions for industrial land expansion. 5. Work with interested Indigenous Nations on potential partnerships or mutually beneficial agreements for the acquisition and development of Crown land.6. Target a combination of small (< 0.5 ha) and large (> 0.5 ha) parcels to accommodate a diversity of industrial uses when considering industrial land expansion.

District of Elkford504.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.10 InstitutionalThe lands designated institutional are intended for essential community services like hospitals, schools and community buildings. While some civic functions can fit within commercial areas, this land use designation is specifically for those with distinct land needs.Objectives1. Allocate sufficient lands within the District to support future institutional uses as required for education services, public health services and other civic uses.2. Encourage creative and flexible use of institutional lands by institutional landowners.Policies1. Support the development of civic and institutional uses within areas designated institutional in Schedule B.2. Consider opportunities for mixing of uses such as commercial accommodation or residential uses above ground floor, provided that such uses remain accessory in nature to an institutional or civic use.3. Strive for a collaborative approach to institutional land use planning for external institutional stakeholders, such as School District No. 5 and Interior Health Authority.4. Consider commercial accommodation uses that complement institutional development on a case-by-case basis.

51Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.11 Parks and GreenwaysThe lands designated parks and greenways are intended for all types of public open spaces, including formal and natural park areas and corridors, and for the provision of community amenities, such as but not limited to, social gathering and activity spaces, civic facilities, recreation and play spaces, gardening and respite spaces, ecological and habitat spaces, and the detention of storm water.Objectives1. Allocate sufficient lands within the District for parks and greenways to support a high quality of life for residents and a balance with the natural environment. 2. Connect all residents to parks and open spaces through neighbourhood design and active transportation infrastructure. 3. Maintain public access to the Elk River and Boivin Creek. Policies1. Support the development of a variety of parks, trails, and natural spaces within areas designated parks and greenways in Schedule B.2. Develop infrastructure in parks and greenways that support accessibility, active living and are inclusive for residents and visitors of all ages and abilities. 3. Support the use of parks and greenways as key links in the Active Transportation Network. 4. Support the use of parks and greenways by community organizations for events, educational programming and other initiatives. 5. Support place-making initiatives and creative art installations within parks and greenways to contribute to the sense of place in the District.6. Build on existing trail networks to adapt them for use as active transportation infrastructure to support greater transportation choice. 7. Encourage lands within the parks and greenways designation to adhere to the B.C. FireSmart Program.8. Continue to designate and acquire new parks and greenways, or collect money in lieu, through subdivision processes.

District of Elkford524.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.12 Rural Resource and Recreation The lands designated as rural resource and recreation are intended for a variety of traditionally rural uses, such as forestry, recreation and limited residential development. This designation is intended to preserve the open spaces and resources of the floodplain area in the District of Elkford. The floodplain area includes important recreational resources, including the Mountain Meadows Golf Course, the Municipal Campground, and important riparian habitat. It is intended that there be limited new development on the floodplain. Over time, existing structures and infrastructure should be upgraded to become more resilient to damages in the event of a flood.Objectives1. Ensure lands designated as rural resource and recreation remain primarily rural in character and are not intended for intensive residential development.2. Provide a variety of economic and outdoor recreation uses appropriate for rural areas that will enhance community well-being and provide opportunities for residents and visitors.3. Participate in engagement opportunities for natural resource development to ensure that proponents and government regulators understand and consider the values and concerns of the community.

53Official Community Plan4.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONSPolicies1. Support the development of a variety of rural activities within areas designated rural and recreation in Schedule B.2. Support clubs and non-profit organizations who work to maintain and develop outdoor recreation infrastructure on lands designated rural resource and recreation.3. Address mitigations related to riparian areas, floodplain and wildfire through the designation of development permit areas.4. Advocate to senior government that resource-based industries exercise good environmental stewardship as part of their resource management practices.5. Work with government agencies and industry to minimize the impacts of resource-based industries on existing and potential outdoor recreation areas and trails.6. Consider low-density large-lot residential development where design can address suitable building location, emergency access and on-site services while mitigating impacts on the sensitive environmental features and considering future impacts from climate change.7. Where a property or use is adjacent to agricultural lands, encourage land uses that are compatible with adjacent agricultural uses.

District of Elkford544.0 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS4.13 AgricultureThe Agricultural Land Use Designation applies to lands within the District of Elkford that are designated as part of the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR), (see Schedule E). These lands are vital for supporting local food production, maintaining rural character, and contributing to regional food security. These lands are also subject to the Agricultural Land Commission Act (ALCA), as such, the land use restrictions of the ALCA apply. Agriculture is a foundational element of a sustainable and resilient community. Even with a small amount of ALR land, protecting and enhancing its agricultural potential is essential to foster economic opportunities, preserve ecological benefits, and encourage sustainable land stewardship. This designation aligns with provincial policies, including the Agricultural Land Commission's mandate, and reflects the community’s commitment to preserving agricultural capacity for current and future generations.Objectives1. Protect lands within the Agricultural Land Reserve.2. Collaborate with the Agricultural Land Commission to support shared goals.Policies1. Collaborate with the Agricultural Land Commission (ALC) to ensure agricultural activities remain the primary use of lands within the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR). Promote active farming on these lands while thoroughly reviewing proposed compatible non-farm uses and non-soil-based agricultural activities to ensure they do not negatively impact agricultural viability or operations.2. Support and collaborate, where appropriate, on strategies to enhance the use of farmland for agriculture and food production.3. Permit a full range of agricultural and complementary uses in the ALR and encourage value-added activities which are ancillary to primary farming activities and do not impact the agricultural capability of farmland.4. Where a property is adjacent to agricultural lands, encourage land uses that are compatible with adjacent agricultural uses.

5.0 Community-Wide Policies

District of Elkford565.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.1 Reconciliation with Indigenous NationsReconciliation with Indigenous Peoples stands as a high priority for the District of Elkford. We acknowledge that the District of Elkford is located within Qukin ʔamakʔis, the unceded Territory of Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it. Elkford is dedicated to fostering a respectful, growing and mutually beneficial relationship with Indigenous Nations, Métis governments, and Indigenous neighbours. Objective: 1. Create meaningful relationships with surrounding Ktunaxa communities. 2. Understand and implement global, national and regional declarations and policy documents regarding reconciliation with Indigenous Nations.Policies:1. Work to understand and formally acknowledge Elkford’s role in the implementation of B.C.’s Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (DRIPA).2. Consider opportunities for government-to-government agreements and joint initiatives.3. Engage with Indigenous Nations on emerging long-term land use planning initiatives and future major amendments to this Plan.4. Strive to establish a Memorandum of Understanding, or similar agreement, with Indigenous Nations on mutually beneficial economic development initiatives.5. Increase organizational cultural awareness through training initiatives facilitated by Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it Language and Culture Department, covering the history of Indigenous Peoples in Canada and the Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it Nation. 6. Engage with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it on future planning for Crown lands adjacent to Elkford and on acquisition processes for those lands.7. Work with Indigenous Nations for reciprocal involvement in community, cultural and celebratory events.8. Explore traditional place-naming initiatives for public spaces, streets and facilities.

57Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.2 Environment and ClimateClimate change is causing increasing impacts on communities, including more frequent and intense weather events like floods, droughts and fires, along with temperature fluctuations and changes in precipitation patterns. These impacts can lead to property damage, ecosystem degradation, shifts in agricultural production and impacts on community health and well-being. Minimizing Elkford’s contribution to climate change is everyone’s responsibility, involving proactive planning and reactive responses to its effects, which are becoming more frequent.Environmental management entails making decisions and taking actions to protect the natural environment and ensure development doesn’t take away from it. It involves informed resource management to maintain the health of the overall system and support local ecological processes that align with Elkford’s culture, values and economy. Furthermore, the resources within the District provide major environmental and recreational benefits to residents, as well as considerable economic development resources for industry.5.2.1 Climate ChangeMitigation: refers to reducing greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change.Adaptation: refers to preparing for changes caused by climate change, such as heat waves, wildfires and sea-level rise.Aligned with the OCP climate resilience lens, the objectives and policies below combine both mitigation and adaptation.Objectives:1. Develop Elkford as a climate resilient community.2. Reduce total community greenhouse gas emissions by 16% in 2025 when compared to 2007 levels, and 40% by 2030 to align with provincial climate change targets.3. Update the Climate Change Adaptation Strategy every five years, in alignment with OCP updates, to identify opportunities to proactively respond to climate change.

District of Elkford585.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIESPolicies:1. Review the community’s policy documents for climate and update as needed to remain consistent with current science and best practices. 2. Identify grant opportunities to improve the District’s emergency preparedness and climate resilience. 3. Identify potential district facilities for the establishment of cooling centres in the event of extreme heat, and warming centres during extreme cold. 4. Review ways to implement B.C.’s Climate Action Charter (Sections 2B, 4 and 5) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the natural environment.5. Consider strategies to reduce emissions resulting from municipal operations.5.2.2 Environmentally Sensitive AreasObjectives:1. Protect and preserve environmentally sensitive areas in the District.Policies:1. Direct new development within the growth boundary to protect sensitive ecosystems and natural areas within the District.2. For development outside of the growth boundary, consider requirements for species identification and protection on a site-specific basis. 3. Protect areas that may contain rare or endangered species or plant populations and habitat for rare or endangered species, per provincial guidelines. 4. Encourage private landowners to use voluntary conservation covenants and other tools to protect environmentally sensitive areas.5.2.3 Riparian AreasObjectives:1. Protect sensitive riparian areas through default setbacks from watercourses and water bodies. 2. Where possible, utilize natural river features and the geographic assets of the area (contours, natural gullies etc.) to adapt to risks posed by climate change.

59Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIESPolicy:1. Identify and designate zones along the Elk River and its tributaries that can be designated and used for “overflow” water collection areas during extreme flooding events. 5.2.4 Natural ResourcesObjectives:1. Ensure that natural resource development projects in the vicinity of the community have a long-term benefit to Elkford that supports economic development while protecting future generations. 2. Reach an understanding with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it on areas of mutual interest in respect to natural resource projects, balanced with maintaining healthy land, water and air. Policies:1. Work with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it to develop a Memorandum of Understanding regarding natural resource projects, balanced with maintaining healthy land, water and air. 2. Participate in the referral process for new applications in Elkford’s vicinity by the Province’s Environmental Assessment Office.3. Consider the following when referred new applications in Elkford’s vicinity by the Province’s Environmental Assessment Office: » Areas of mutual interest with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it; » Cumulative impacts to housing, social services, infrastructure and community facilities; » Protection of community water and air; » Protection of critical infrastructure; » Impacts to trails and outdoor recreation; » View protection; » Potential for noise, odour, dust or other nuisances; » Impacts to long-term land use planning; and, » Other considerations of concern.

District of Elkford605.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.2.5 WaterObjective:1. Protect the quality and quantity of the community’s watersheds to ensure long-term preservation of water resources.Policies:1. Encourage the reduction of water use on residential, commercial and industrial properties.2. Investigate program to provide incentives to encourage existing homes to replace inefficient fixtures. 3. Develop source water protection plans for each of the community’s water sources. 4. Work with regional stakeholders to identify and implement watershed management opportunities. 5.2.6 Forested AreasObjective:1. Manage forest resources for the overall economic, environmental, and social sustainability of Elkford, recognizing the long-term economic development potential represented in working forest lands. Policies:1. Limit rural encroachment on forest land resources by limiting rural subdivision development.2. Acquire a community forest license to manage Crown land within district boundaries.3. Support emerging value-added and community-based forest use applications, including but not limited to, eco-forestry enterprises and small, home-based, value-added forest product manufacturing.4. Encourage the maintenance of forest cover to protect slopes from erosion.5. Engage with professional forest fuel consultants to maintain and improve level of wildfire and pest resistance in Elkford’s forest stands.

61Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.3 Natural HazardsThe rivers, mountains and valleys in Elkford are key defining elements of our area and attract residents to our community. However, the natural features also create significant risks and hazards from natural disasters and climate change. The steep slopes and ravines are prone to slope instability, while lands along the Elk River and Boivin Creek are susceptible to flooding. Additionally, the proximity of developed areas to forests and grassy slopes creates a wildfire interface hazard in many parts of our community.Objectives:1. Protect our community from the natural hazards in our area. 2. Educate our community about our emergency plans for natural hazards and best practices to protect ourselves from natural hazards.Policies:1. Discourage new development on slopes over 30 degrees in sloped areas identified in Schedule D.2. Increase the resiliency of existing infrastructure located in the floodplain through infrastructure assessments and potential upgrades to flood protection and mitigation measures. 3. Accommodate passive uses in floodplain areas such as parks and trails. 4. Implement and maintain the wildfire fuel reduction program.5. Site parks, trails and road developments to create fire breaks and provide access for firefighting equipment and personnel. Road, trail and park developments will be prioritized in high and extreme fire risk to be used as firebreaks to help mitigate fire risk. 6. Pursue FireSmart community status.7. Promote fire-resistant species for tree coverage in the District.

District of Elkford625.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.4 HousingHousing in Elkford exists in a broad spectrum with unique challenges and opportunities. The residential land use designations in this plan provide opportunities for a range of housing forms and tenures that can address these challenges. The housing options aim to establish an appropriate balance between housing appropriate for a year-round, permanent population, and shorter-term contract workers, while also maintaining the community’s appeal as a seasonal recreation centre. Objectives1. Provide a diversity of housing options that are affordable, attainable and meet the needs of current and future residents of Elkford.2. Develop partnerships with all forms of government and with the private sector to address Elkford’s housing needs.3. Consider innovative and adaptive housing solutions.Policies1. Regularly update Elkford’s Housing Needs Report and use it to inform housing initiatives and policies.2. Ensure housing initiatives align with provincial regulations while being context sensitive for Elkford.3. Consider incentive programs and regulatory changes to reduce barriers to dwelling unit creation, support more affordable housing construction and support rental tenure dwelling creation.4. Promote diverse and well-integrated forms of residential development within the designated growth boundary of Elkford, including but not limited to small, lot single-family houses, duplexes, multiple-family developments, apartments and modular and mobile homes.5. Support renovation and restoration of the existing housing stock and development of vacant residential lots.6. Encourage home occupation and bed and breakfast operations in Elkford that do not attract large volumes of traffic to residential areas.7. Reduce residential development in hazardous areas identified in Schedule D to protect the investments in infrastructure by the District and to protect the personal capital and safety of residents. 8. Discourage residential development in environmentally sensitive and riparian areas to ensure the long-term sustainability of ecosystems in the Elk Valley.

63Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.5 Local Economy and Vibrancy Elkford’s economy is primarily reliant on mining and resource extraction. Although Elkford offers some commercial amenities like a gas station, grocery store and restaurants, residents must travel further afield to satisfy all their commercial needs. Encouraging more local services in Elkford would boost local spending, diversify the economy and increase commercial activity. Objectives: 1. Encourage sustainable economic development and diversification while continuing to prioritize existing sectors in the District of Elkford.2. Develop the mixed-use core as the commercial anchor for the community.3. Promote Elkford as a year-round tourism destination.Policies:1. Implement the direction and recommendations contained in the Economic Development Strategy.2. Ensure that Elkford retains its wilderness character by: » Maintaining the integrity of the growth boundary and directing new development within designated areas; » Encouraging resource-based industry to minimize visual impact of activities in the area around the townsite, particularly the faces of Fording Mountain and the Greenhills Range; » Encourage developers to maintain ground cover and minimize tree removal where fire protection measures have been considered; » Requiring treed buffer lands to separate residential land from incompatible uses and from major arterial roads; and, » Preventing, where possible, additional development on the floodplain, and maintain the riparian areas of the Elk River and Boivin Creek. 3. Encourage tourism-related businesses to locate in the mixed-use core.4. Work with private landowners to revitalize and redevelop underutilized land.5. Support the expansion and improvement of local services to reduce the number of shopping trips out of the community.

District of Elkford645.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES6. Consider making use of underutilized district lands available as staging areas to facilitate development projects. 7. Continue to invest in, and advocate for, improved internet access and connectivity, such as fibre optic services and reliable electrical power that will make it more practical for a variety of businesses to operate in Elkford. 8. Support the development of various retail and service-based businesses that allow residents to become less reliant on larger centres/communities.9. Provide adequate and appropriately located land to accommodate the anticipated growth in industrial sectors while minimizing impacts for residents and/or negative impacts for residents’ health and the environment.

65Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.6 Social DevelopmentSocial development encompasses a wide range of vital aspects in our community. This includes community safety, accessibility and effective community engagement. Engaging citizens in decision-making processes and fostering community involvement is crucial for creating a vibrant and inclusive community.5.6.1 Community SafetyObjectives:1. Ensure all citizens and visitors feel comfortable and secure as they move around Elkford.2. Prepare for emergency management scenarios and natural disasters.Policies:1. Develop and maintain appropriate plans for emergency preparedness and evacuation.2. Advocate and support maintaining and enhancing external community safety services, including RCMP, emergency health services, and search and rescue services.5.6.2 Universal AccessibilityObjective:1. Work toward a community that is accessible by people of all ages and abilities.Policies:1. Develop and implement an Accessibility Plan for district facilities and services.2. Support the Accessibility Committee, or similar group, in the work of making recommendations for improving accessibility in Elkford.3. Consider accessibility enhancements and recommendations in annual financial and strategic planning.4. Encourage accessible, barrier-free building design in private development that can be easily adapted as living requirements of residents change over time (aging in place).

District of Elkford665.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.6.3 Foster Engaged Citizens and Promote Effective CommunicationsObjectives:1. Ensure all citizens have an early and ongoing voice in community planning so that the District develops and fosters an ongoing culture of meaningful citizen engagement in long-term land use matters. 2. Build strong relationships with local and regional stakeholders and service providers.Policies:1. Develop and implement a Community Engagement Strategy to guide engagement efforts for district initiatives of various sizes and scopes.2. Continue to offer the Youth Councillor program.3. Continue to support and develop the Youth Action Network Commission as external funding allows, and consider other channels external funding ceases.4. Maintain an accessible and transparent process of civic decision making.5. Encourage the participation of all citizens in decision-making through the development of non-discriminatory municipal bylaws, policies, programs and services.6. Maintain and continually improve programs and practices to inform citizens of plans, programs, decisions and policies.7. Work with representatives from school and youth organizations, and the Chamber of Commerce, to build relationships between youth, business leaders and decision-makers.

67Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.7 HeritageCelebrating and respecting the history of Elkford is critical in continuing to build a strong sense of place, community permanence and to work towards reconciliation. This includes, but is not limited to, acknowledging and preserving culturally sensitive areas, archaeological sites, heritage buildings and historically significant locations and landmarks. Objectives:1. Recognize and protect cultural and natural heritage resources in Elkford.2. Recognize and celebrate Elkford’s history.Policies:1. Consult and engage Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it, who historically and currently reside in the Elk Valley to ensure that cultural heritage initiatives for Elkford respect and include Indigenous heritage. Through this interaction with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it, Elkford can work towards recognizing and celebrating the long history of Indigenous Peoples in the area. 2. Collaborate with the B.C. Heritage Branch to articulate the heritage values within Elkford and to strive for best practices for broad cultural preservation and protection goals.3. Support initiatives and programs that highlight the modern history of Elkford as a settlement.4. Utilize public spaces and district facilities to communicate Elkford’s rich history.

District of Elkford685.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.8 Food SecurityFood security is becoming an increasingly critical issue, and the importance of local food is expected to grow with climate change. Elkford aims to enhance self-reliance within the community to boost resilience and promote sustainable local food production, ensuring access to nutritious and safe food.Objectives:1. Ensure residents have access to fresh, healthy and affordable food in the community.Policies:1. Support initiatives and organizations that seek to connect consumers to local and healthy food through local food production (e.g., farmers’ markets, community-supported agriculture programs, etc.).2. Consider ways to eliminate barriers to sustainable food and agriculture systems in policies and bylaws.3. Support the development of community gardens, community kitchens and community greenhouses on district-owned land.4. Direct non-agricultural uses to appropriate designated areas and away from agricultural areas.5. Explore actions to encourage local food entrepreneurs to grow, process and sell food. 6. Consider potential impacts to human/wildlife conflict when considering bylaws and policies related to food security.

69Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.9 Parks, Trails and Open SpacesFacilitating an active lifestyle through built form is one of the most important ways to promote a healthy population. Parks, trails and open spaces play vital roles in Elkford’s community fabric. They enhance livability, encourage active lifestyles and well-being, showcase historical and cultural heritage, connect community facilities and destinations and serve as gathering places.Objectives:1. Provide high quality parks, trails and open spaces that reflect the needs and abilities of all residents.2. Create lively public spaces that provide safe areas for residents and visitors to engage in passive leisure activities.Policies:1. Consider the following when developing the Recreation and Facilities Master Plan: » The needs and distribution of designated park areas across the District; » Use of traditional Indigenous names for renaming or new parks, trails and greenspaces; » park space designed for multiple user groups; » desire for future expansion of trails and spaces in close proximity to the Elk River and Boivin Creek; » Desired uses of nearby Crown lands (e.g., Round Prairie); and, » Trail networks.2. Utilize land within the floodplain and adjacent to natural drainage courses for parks, naturalized open spaces and walking trails subject to environmental constraints and sensitive features. 3. Connect new and existing recreation facilities to the existing trail network. 4. Work with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it to understand culturally sensitive areas that may be affected by some recreational activities and understand ways in which parties can work together to minimize negative impacts. 5. Create and maintain effective ongoing partnerships with community groups that are engaging volunteers in parks, trails and open spaces events, planning and maintenance activities.

District of Elkford705.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.10 Transportation, Mobility and AccessTransportation and mobility account for more than roads and vehicles. When considering mobility, it is important to ensure people (not just vehicles) can get to where they need to go in a way that is efficient and cost-effective. Single occupancy vehicles are the predominant mode of transportation for commuting and running errands in Elkford, however there are great opportunities to enhance options for other modes of transportation and improve mobility for those who cannot or do not operate single occupancy vehicles.Objectives:1. Develop infrastructure that maintains and enhances the comfort and safety of pedestrians and other active transportation users, while also accommodating anticipated vehicle traffic that is associated with tourism and industry. 2. Recognize the opportunities for transportation and land use planning to support the community’s climate adaptation and mitigation objectives.Policies:1. Support multi-modal transportation connections across all areas within the growth boundary. 2. Evaluate and seek opportunities for new or enhanced transportation connections when reviewing development applications.3. Enhance and advocate for improved pedestrian connectivity across, and adjacent to, Highway 43 by engaging with the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure.4. Review and update the Subdivision and Development Servicing Bylaw to address best practices for transportation design in new development. 5. Collaborate with other transportation agencies to develop and manage the transportation system to meet the needs of residents, institutions, businesses and industry to accommodate all modes.6. Consider the full range of stakeholders and user groups (both motorized and non-motorized) in transportation planning.7. Support initiatives to improving wayfinding throughout the transportation network.

71Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.11 Municipal Infrastructure, Facilities and Services In Elkford, municipal infrastructure services like potable water, sanitary sewer and solid waste management are critical for maintaining individual, community, economic and environmental well-being. These services support growth and development and must be cost-effective, efficient and resilient to ensure sustainability with minimal environmental impact. Additionally, Elkford offers facilities and services that significantly improve residents’ quality of life. Any improvements or expansions to infrastructure, facilities or services should consider the needs of all users, and cost recovery methods should be inclusive of this consideration.5.11.1 Water, Sewer and Solid WasteObjectives 1. Maintain high quality municipal water and sewer infrastructure within the growth boundary in a fiscally responsible manner. 2. Protect a robust and resilient supply of clean drinking water.3. Provide an effective solid waste program which is fiscally and environmentally responsible. Policies1. Develop and maintain infrastructure master plans for municipal water and sewer infrastructure.2. Develop, update and implement an Asset Management Program to allocate resources and replace aging infrastructure efficiently and in a cost-effective manner.3. Ensure that all utilities are self-funding, with rates providing for lifecycle costing and are recovered through targeted infrastructure financing (e.g., parcel tax, reserve funding).4. Ensure that costs for infrastructure extensions and upgrades required for new development are borne by the development.5. Consider investments to protect critical infrastructure from risks inherent with climate changes, including overland flood and wildfire.

District of Elkford725.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES6. Collaborate with the Regional District of East Kootenay (RDEK) to continue to enhance the solid waste collection program to reduce waste, carbon emissions and wildlife conflict.7. Support efforts to reduce human/wildlife conflict resulting from municipal solid waste collection.5.11.2 Facilities and ServicesObjectives1. Provide high-quality community facilities and services that meet the needs of residents while providing additional benefits and attractions for visitors.2. Anticipate and adapt to future demand for community facilities through ongoing consultation with various stakeholder groups. Policies1. Develop and implement a Recreation and Facilities Master Plan.2. Support the transformation of Wapiti Ski Hill into a year-round outdoor recreation facility.3. Proactively engage with not-for-profit organizations, special interest groups, stakeholders and residents in the planning phases for new community facilities and amenities. 4. Encourage multiple and adaptive uses of community and institutional facilities.5. Collaborate with other levels of government, government agencies and stakeholders to meet the current and future health needs of Elkford.6. Plan and prioritize facilities, services and amenities that will attract and retain residents.7. Consider users of all ages and abilities when designing facilities. 8. Review municipal facilities for improvements to energy efficiency and water use.

73Official Community Plan5.0 COMMUNITY-WIDE POLICIES5.12 Sand and Gravel DepositsAggregate resources in the form of sand and gravel, as well as other mineral and hydrocarbon deposits, are essential for efficient and cost-effective development in Elkford. The coordinated management of the extraction and processing of these resources will reduce the potential for land use conflicts by planning and managing for increased consumption needs and the depletion of reserves.Objectivies1. Maintain the District’s gravel pit as an active permit area for use in district projects.2. Work collaboratively with the Province, residents and the aggregate industry to manage aggregate resources in the long-term.3. Encourage responsible aggregate removal and deposit that minimizes negative impacts on residents. Policies:1. Participate in referral processes for mineral exploration proposals in the vicinity of the community and consider the impact of resource extraction on surrounding communities and land uses. 2. Collaborate with the Province to ensure new surface leases and permits within 1,000 m of the growth boundary do not have detrimental impacts to the community’s quality of life.3. Consider rezoning applications for the processing of aggregate resources based on any or all the following criteria: » Extent of visual screening and other mitigation works proposed; » Type of processing proposed; » Prevailing wind direction and the potential for noise and dust; » Compatibility with adjacent land uses; » Environmental sensitivity of the site and lands adjacent to potential aggregate resource processing site; » Characteristics of aggregate deposits; » Impacts on groundwater resources; and, » Other considerations as needed.

6.0 Development Permit Areas

District of Elkford766.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1 Establishment of Development Permit AreasDevelopment permit areas (DPA) are used to shape development on a site-specific basis to realize the goals and objectives set out by the residents of Elkford. The District of Elkford Official Community Plan establishes the following development permit areas as identified in Schedule C.6.1.1 Riparian Area Development Permit Area6.1.2 Floodplain Development Permit Area6.1.3 Wildfire Development Permit Area6.1.4 Steep Slope Development Permit Area6.1.5 Multi-unit Residential Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.6 Mixed-use Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.7 Commercial/Industrial Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.1 Riparian Area Development Permit Area6.1.1.A DesignationAll lands within the District of Elkford adjacent to streams are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(a) of the Local Government Act (LGA). The District has endeavored to include streams within Schedule C, as Riparian Development Permit Areas; however, this designation shall extend to any watercourse meeting the definition of stream, whether or not it is identified in Schedule C.6.1.1.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as a Riparian Area DPA is the protection of the natural environment, its ecosystems and biological diversity. The natural environment is a significant feature of the District of Elkford. There are two major watercourses within its boundaries: the Elk River and Boivin Creek. Areas of significant fish habitat are known to exist within the Elk River.

77Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREASThe geography and vegetation that surrounds, protects and interacts with the aquatic environment is called the riparian area. As such, riparian areas are the land adjacent to water and stream that may be subject to temporary, frequent or seasonal inundation, and supports plant species that are typical of an area of inundated or saturated soil conditions, and that are distinct from species on freely drained adjacent upland sites because of the presence of water.6.1.1.C ExemptionsThe following activities are exempt from the requirement for a development permit. Despite these exemption provisions, owners must meet any other applicable local, provincial or federal requirements.1. Development or alteration of land occurring outside of the Development Permit Area as determined by a B.C. Land Surveyor or another qualified person.2. Repair, maintenance, alteration or reconstruction of existing legal or legal non-conforming buildings, structures or utilities, provided there is no alteration of undisturbed land or vegetation (a building permit may still be required).3. Repair and maintenance of existing roads, driveways, paths and trails, provided there is no expansion of the width or length of the road, driveway, path or trail, and there is no creation of additional impervious surfaces.4. Stream enhancement and fish and wildlife habitat restoration works that have obtained the required Provincial and Federal approvals.5. Emergency actions required to prevent, control or reduce an immediate threat to human life, the natural environment or public or private property including:a. Forest fire, flood and erosion protection works;b. Protection, repair or replacement of public utilities;c. Clearing of an obstruction from a bridge, culvert or stream;d. Bridge repairs; and,e. Removal of hazardous trees.

District of Elkford786.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.1.D GuidelinesThe following guidelines apply to all developments within the riparian area development permit areas except as exempted under Section 6.1.1.C:1. No development or alteration of vegetation shall take place: a. For a stream, within a 15 m strip on both sides of the stream measured from the natural boundary; b. For a ravine less than 60 m wide, within a strip on both sides of the stream measured from the high water mark to a point that is 30 m beyond the top of the ravine; c. For a ravine 60 m wide or greater, within a strip on both sides of the stream measured from the natural boundary to a point that is 10 m beyond the top of the ravine bank; and,d. For all identified wetland and riparian aquatic ecosystems, within a 30 m wide leave strip or buffer area extending from the high water mark.2. These setbacks may be reduced by the District subject to the submission of a report prepared by a Qualified Environmental Professional (QEP) that addresses compliance with the applicable provincial and federal legislation. 3. Developers are encouraged to exceed the minimum standards set out in Guideline 1. 4. Where a proposed development is subject to a subdivision or a building permit, the QEP should be required to provide confirmation to the District of Elkford that the subdivision or development has been developed in accordance with the QEP’s recommendations prior to final approval of the subdivision or inspection or occupancy of the building as applicable. 5. Native vegetation and trees are retained wherever possible to control erosion, protect banks and protect fish and wildlife habitat.

79Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.2 Floodplain Development Permit Area6.1.2.A DesignationThose lands within the District of Elkford that have been identified as subject to the risks of high water and flood events and indicated in Schedule C, are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(b) of the Local Government Act (LGA). 6.1.2.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as a floodplain development permit areas is the protection of development from hazardous conditions. The District of Elkford is located along the Elk River, which flows from the Upper Elk Lake to the Kootenay River. Peak flows in the Elk River occur during the spring thaw (freshet) and are maintained through the summer, providing habitat for fish. In 2019, floodplain mapping was completed for the 200-year floodline. The most significant flood events of recent memory occurred in 1995 and 2013.6.1.2.C ExemptionsThe following activities are exempt from the requirement for a development permit. Despite these exemption provisions, owners must meet any other applicable local, provincial or federal requirements.1. Development or alteration of land occurring outside of the development permit area as determined by a B.C. Land Surveyor or another qualified person.2. Repair, maintenance, alteration or reconstruction of existing legal or legal non-conforming buildings, structures or utilities, provided there is no alteration of undisturbed land or vegetation (a building permit may still be required).3. Repair and maintenance of existing roads, driveways, paths and trails, provided there is no expansion of the width or length of the road, driveway, path or trail, and there is no creation of additional impervious surfaces.4. Activities carried out by the District or other authorized personnel to repair, and/or upgrade district infrastructure, including but not limited to, the pumphouse, sewage treatment facility, lagoon, trails and other recreational resources used by the community.

District of Elkford806.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.2.D Guidelines 5. Prior to construction of, addition to or alteration of, a building or other structure for human habitation, or prior to subdivision approval, the applicant shall submit a report, prepared by a professional engineer or geoscientist with experience in geotechnical engineering and preferably also with experience in hydraulic engineering. The report, which the District will use to determine the conditions and requirements of the development permit, must certify that the “land may be used safely for the use intended” as provided under the Local Government Act. The report should include the following types of analysis and information:a. Site map showing area of investigation, including existing and proposed: building, structures, septic tank and field locations, drinking water sources and natural features;b. Inspections of up-stream channels and flood ways, including channel confinement and gradients;c. Debris dams and characteristics and culverts;d. Sources of alluvium (channels and eroded banks), protection of groundwater resources and related hydrologic features, which are factors that may affect the field defined limit of flooding and related erosion and deposition, as well as the potential for debris torrents;e. Slope and stream profiles with documentation of slope stability, the limits and types of instability that may be induced by forest clearing and the mobilization and run out limits of debris in creeks; and,f. Comments regarding cut and fill slope stability with reference to required surface or subsurface drainage, culverts and special reference to the stability of fills required for steep gully crossings should be provided.6. The total impervious cover of the site should minimize impact on the receiving aquatic environment. Consideration should be given to reducing impervious cover through reduction in building footprint and paved areas and use of on-site infiltration.7. A building or structure not capable of being used for human habitation or the storage or placement of goods that could be damaged by floodwater must not extend below the boundary of the floodplain more than 60 cm measured vertically.8. A covenant may be registered on title identifying the hazard and remedial requirements specified in the geotechnical or engineering reports for the benefit and safe use of future owners.

81Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS9. Development permits issued pursuant to this section may vary the following aspect of other land use bylaws when the variance is a factor of site development resulting from the floodplain: height of a building or structure.6.1.3 Wildfire Development Permit Area6.1.3.A DesignationThose lands outside of the growth boundary have been designated as subject to the risks of wildfire events, requiring mitigation and fuel treatment, and identified in Schedule C, are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(b) of the Local Government Act. 6.1.3.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as a Wildfire DPA is the protection of development from hazardous conditions. The forest lands in and around the District of Elkford are classified as Natural Disturbance Type (NDT) 3, meaning that fires are relatively frequent. The average fire return interval for large scale crown fires in this NDT is 125 years. Smaller spot fires occur more frequently and are influenced by annual temperature and precipitation, with warmer and drier years being more susceptible to fire. Large wildfires in the greater Elk Valley region occurred in 1904 and 1908, the years when the community of Fernie was destroyed by wildfires. Wildfires may have also occurred in the Fording Valley during the 1960s. In 2003, the Lamb Creek and Plumbob fires burned significant areas in the East Kootenay, and in 2023, the Lladnar Creek fire near Sparwood burned a significant amount of forest.Due to the wilderness character in Elkford, with much development nestled or surrounded by large tracts of forest, the District of Elkford recognizes the growing threat of wildfire/urban interface fires within its boundaries and the wider Elk Valley. The Wildfire DPA is designated to respond to, and mitigate the risks posed to residents, property and infrastructure by wildfire, particularly prior to development taking place.

District of Elkford826.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.3.C ExemptionsThe following activities are exempt from the requirement for a development permit. Despite these exemption provisions, owners must meet any other applicable local, provincial or federal requirements.1. Development or alteration of land occurring outside of the development permit area as determined by a B.C. Land Surveyor or another qualified person.2. For developments that only include one principal building and/or accessory building, where a building plan and landscape plan are submitted that clearly demonstrate compliance with applicable FireSmart B.C. guides for building materials, construction standards and landscaping within 30 m of the building.6.1.3.D GuidelinesThe following guidelines apply to all development permit applications in the Wildfire DPA except whereas exempted pursuant to section 6.1.3.C:1. A developer shall provide a pre-development fire hazard and fire risk assessment prepared by a qualified professional with expertise and credentials in fire risk assessment prior to any development permit being issued. 2. The pre-development fire hazard and fire risk assessment shall include consideration of available fire fighting techniques in consultation with the District’s Fire Department.3. The pre-development fire hazard and fire risk assessment shall include consideration of siting of roads and trails to act as fire breaks and access.4. Except as where otherwise recommended in the risk assessment referenced in Guideline 1, building construction shall incorporate FireSmart guidelines for building materials and construction standards. 5. Repair, maintenance, alteration or reconstruction of existing legal or legal non-conforming buildings shall incorporate FireSmart guidelines for building materials and construction standards.

83Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.4 Steep Slope Development Permit Area6.1.4.A DesignationThose lands within the District of Elkford that have been designated as subject to the risks of steep slopes, or otherwise have slopes greater than 30%, and identified on Schedule C, are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(b) of the Local Government Act. 6.1.4.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as the Steep Slope DPA is the protection of development from hazardous conditions. Steep sloping lands are susceptible to surface erosion and gullying. These areas have been designated as a DPA to reduce the potential for damage to persons and property.6.1.4.C ExemptionsThe following activities are exempt from the requirement for a development permit. Despite these exemption provisions, owners must meet any other applicable local, provincial or federal requirements.1. Development or alteration of land occurring outside of the development permit area as determined by a B.C. Land Surveyor or another qualified person.2. Development of trails provided that best practices for erosion and sediment control are implemented in the trail design and construction.3. Development of existing parcels zoned for residential at the time of adoption of this Plan.4. Emergency actions required to prevent, control or reduce an immediate threat to human life, the natural environment or public or private property including:a. Forest fire, flood and erosion protection works;b. Protection, repair or replacement of public utilities;c. Clearing of an obstruction from a bridge, culvert or stream;d. Bridge repairs; and,e. Removal of hazardous trees.

District of Elkford846.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.4.D Guidelines The following guidelines apply to all development permit applications in the Steep Slopes DPA as designated in Section 6.1.4.A:1. No development shall take place unless a report, prepared by a qualified professional with experience in geotechnical engineering, provides an analysis of soil stability.2. A qualified professional with experience in geotechnical engineering shall review development to ensure any recommendations of the report referenced in Guideline 1 are incorporated.3. For steep slopes adjacent to Boivin Creek, building setbacks shall be established at 8 m from the top of the bank, unless geotechnical soil conditions require greater setbacks.4. No vegetation shall be removed from the bank of the Boivin Creek steep slope. 6.1.5 Multi-Unit Residential Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.5.A DesignationThose lands within the District of Elkford that have been designated for higher density, multifamily development are identified on Schedule C, Multi-Unit Form and Character Development Permit Area and are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(f)(h)(i) of the Local Government Act (LGA). 6.1.5.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as a Multi-Unit Form and Character DPA is the:  Establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial, industrial or multifamily residential development  Establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation;  Establishment of objectives to promote water conservation;  Establishment of objectives to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.The purpose of the Multi-Unit Form and Character Development Permit Area is to guide higher-density residential development in Elkford to be compatible with immediately adjacent uses and the overall character of the community.

85Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.5.C ExemptionsA development permit is not required for the following:1. Internal alterations to a building.2. Developments of a smaller scale including single-unit buildings, duplexes and townhouses.6.1.5.D GuidelinesBuilding Siting, Massing, and Form1. Buildings should demonstrate a transition to be compatible with adjacent uses. This could mean stepping down to avoid stark changes in size from adjacent low density residential, or other similar features.2. Buildings should utilize a colour palette that reflects the natural environment around Elkford including shades of greys, browns, greens, and blues. Reds, yellows, purples, and other bright colours are discouraged unless their use has another meaning that is supported by other aspects of this Plan.3. Exterior lighting on buildings must be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground.4. Roof pitches should direct snow away from building entrances and any areas where pedestrians are expected to travel or gather.Site Design, Landscape, Parking, and Snow Management5. Site design should demonstrate a thoughtful approach to Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), including natural surveillance from the street to the building, adequate lighting, and access control.6. Developments must provide landscaping to soften the appearance of the site from view of public highways.7. Landscaping should be used to delineate property boundaries and access. 8. Low maintenance plantings and landscape design that uses indigenous plantings that are not wildlife attracting are desired.9. Waste disposal bins must be contained within an enclosure to screen from view and prevent access by wildlife.10. Site lighting should be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground, provided that CPTED principles can be addressed.11. Adequate space must be identified for on-site storage of snow.

District of Elkford866.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.6 Mixed-Use Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.6.A DesignationThose lands within the District of Elkford that have been designated for mixed-use commercial are identified on Schedule C, Mixed-Use Form and Character Development Permit Area, are designated as a development permit area pursuant to 488(d)(1)(f)(h)(i) of the Local Government Act (LGA). 6.1.6.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands as the Mixed-Use Form and Character DPA is the:1. Revitalization of an area in which commercial use is permitted;2. Establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial, industrial or multi-family residential development.3. Establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation;4. Establishment of objectives to promote water conservation;5. Establishment of objectives to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.The Mixed-Use Core should be an inviting, accessible, and pedestrian friendly environment that draws both residents and visitors to shop, recreate and enjoy the area.6.1.6.C ExemptionsA development permit is not required for the following:1. Internal alterations to a building.

87Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.6.D GuidelinesBuilding Siting, Massing and Form1. The massing of buildings should favour the pedestrian. This may be accomplished using design features that promote a more pleasant pedestrian environmental including:a. Building entrances which are close to pedestrian infrastructure rather than requiring walking through parking areas.b. Buildings that are close to the street rather than set back.c. Including outdoor amenity areas such as patios.d. Weather protection for all building entrances (e.g., overhangs or awnings)2. Buildings should utilize a colour palette that reflects the natural environment around Elkford including shades of greys, browns, greens and blues. Reds, yellows, purples and other bright colours are discouraged unless their use has another meaning that is supported by other aspects of this Plan.3. Exterior lighting on buildings must be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground.4. Roof pitches should direct snow away from building entrances and any areas where pedestrians are expected to travel or gather.Site Design, Landscape, Parking and Snow Management1. Commercial garbage containers, utility and unenclosed outdoor storage areas should be screened from public view. This can be accomplished by a solid or wood landscape screen along with landscaping. Chainlink fence will be permitted only if treated with a solid interwoven surface in colours compatible with the primary building upon the site, and if landscaped along its outside perimeter.2. For large scale development with frontages greater than 30 m (100 ft), surface parking areas should be provided to the rear of the lot where possible. 3. Site design should demonstrate a thoughtful approach to Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), including natural surveillance from the street to the building, adequate lighting and access control.4. Where larger setbacks are used, developments must provide landscaping to soften the appearance of the site from view of public highways.5. Landscaping should be used to delineate property boundaries and access.

District of Elkford886.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6. Low maintenance plantings and landscape design that uses indigenous plantings that are not wildlife attracting are desired.7. Waste disposal bins must be contained within an enclosure to screen from view and prevent access by wildlife.8. Site lighting should be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground, provided that CPTED principles can be addressed.9. Adequate space must be identified for on-site storage of snow.10. Developments are encouraged to provide spaces for public art or otherwise integrate public art into the building or site design.11. The following guidelines respecting signs shall apply:a. All signs should be architecturally coordinated with the overall design of buildings and landscaping. b. Signs with temporary and changeable lettering are not supported, except where clearly required due to the nature of the business activity.c. Signage should be unobtrusive and should not detract from the form and character of the site or adjacent properties.d. Where free standing signs are illuminated, favourable consideration shall be given to external lighting sources. High intensity panel signs shall be avoided.6.1.7 Commercial/Industrial Form and Character Development Permit Area6.1.7.A DesignationThose lands within the District of Elkford that have been designated for Service Commercial and/or Industrial lands are identified in Schedule C are designated as a development permit area pursuant to Section 488(1)(f) of the Local Government Act. 6.1.7.B Purpose and JustificationThe purpose of the designation of lands in the District of Elkford as the Commercial/Industrial DPA is the establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial, industrial or multi-family residential development.

89Official Community Plan6.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS6.1.7.C ExemptionsA development permit is not required for the following:1. Internal alterations to a building.2. Accessory structures which are not within view of a public highway, or public trail or viewpoint.6.1.7.D GuidelinesBuilding Siting, Massing and Form1. Subject to these guidelines, buildings may be sized, designed and located as desired to address the needs of the operation, subject to zoning bylaw setback requirements.2. Buildings should utilize a colour palette that reflects the natural environment around Elkford including shades of greys, browns, greens and blues. Reds, yellows, purples and other bright colours are discouraged unless their use has another meaning that is supported by other aspects of this Plan.3. Exterior lighting on buildings must be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground.4. Roof pitches should direct snow away from building entrances and any areas where pedestrians are expected to travel or gather.Site Design, Landscape, Parking and Snow Management5. Developments must provide landscaping to soften the appearance of the site from view of public highways.6. Landscaping should be used to delineate property boundaries and access. 7. Low maintenance plantings and landscape design that uses indigenous plantings that are not wildlife attracting are desired.8. Areas for outdoor storage of materials, products or equipment should be screened from view of public highways.9. Waste disposal bins must be contained within an enclosure to screen from view and prevent access by wildlife.10. Site lighting must be sharp cut-off at the horizontal plane and directed towards the ground.11. Adequate space must be identified for on-site storage of snow.

District of Elkford906.0 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS

7.0 Making it Happen

District of Elkford927.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN7.1 Broad StrokesFor an Official Community Plan to achieve its intended effectiveness, its objectives and policies must be actively implemented. Realizing the vision and the guiding principles of the District of Elkford will depend on future Council decisions related to priorities, funding, and implementation, as well as through collaborative engagement with senior levels of government, neighboring municipalities, school districts, private and not-for-profit sectors, and the wider community. District, stakeholder and individual actions over the next 10 years and beyond will permit the implementation of this OCP.As a high-level policy document, the OCP does not function to predict the exact sequence of actions and directions to take, or the detailed cost estimates for the initiatives. Many are outside of the District’s control, and a number require further investigations, consultation and resource allocation. As such, OCP implementation can be viewed as continuous, and an incremental decision-making process for Elkford to reach its vision.Some strategies that can aid in implementing this OCP, include:7.1.1 PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING AND PARTICIPATIONElkford has a strong sense of community, where residents are deeply connected to each other and invested in the town’s future. To maximize the benefits of the Official Community Plan, it’s essential to foster public awareness and understanding of the plan itself. By building meaningful engagement and ensuring that residents are well-informed about the OCP’s vision and objectives, the District can help align community actions with shared goals. The District is committed to ongoing communication and actively involving the public as the OCP is implemented, ensuring that the OCP’s vision and community voices shape Elkford’s growth.7.1.2 MONITORINGMonitoring, evaluating and reporting on the implementation of Elkford’s OCP is an effective tool to assess how well the plan’s vision, guiding principles and policies are being achieved. By establishing specific targets or indicators, the District can track progress over time, ensuring that objectives are on course and identifying areas where adjustments may be needed. A robust monitoring program offers

93Official Community Plan7.0 MAKING IT HAPPENvaluable insight into which areas are being adequately addressed and highlights any that may require additional focus. This approach supports accountability and provides the community with a clear understanding of how the OCP is shaping Elkford’s future.7.1.3 Policy PlanningThis Official Community Plan is designed to guide future decision-making; however, it must remain adaptable and subject to continuous evolution to ensure its relevance and effectiveness in managing change within the District. As part of its implementation, the OCP acknowledges that certain complex or time-intensive issues could not be fully addressed within this document. These issues would benefit from more detailed study and analysis. Accordingly, a series of studies and plans will be undertaken following the adoption of the OCP to address these matters. These updates and studies are outlined below in Section 7.2.1.7.1.4 Zoning BylawThe zoning bylaw serves as a primary mechanism for implementing the land use plans and policies outlined in the OCP. Amendments to the zoning bylaw will be required to align it with the OCP’s directives regarding preferred land uses, densities, among others. These amendments will be evaluated as part of the future update to the District of Elkford zoning bylaw to ensure consistency and compatibility with the OCP.

District of Elkford947.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN7.2 ImplementationThe District of Elkford OCP sets out statements on the broad objectives, policies, and directions for the Plan area. This section includes detailed options for implementing the plan through actions, partnerships, procedures and updates to existing documents and other legislative tools. The purpose of this section is to set out specific steps the District should take to implement the goals and objectives of the OCP. Some of the specific steps are set out in the subsections below.7.2.1 Actions, Partnerships, Policies, and Bylaw UpdatesIn addition to implementing the objectives and policies in the plan, the OCP supports pursuing the specific actions, partnerships, policies and bylaw updates outlined in the table below. Some items are directly drawn from the OCP’s objectives and policies, while others build on them, translating broader policies into actionable steps and partnerships.Table 2. Official Community Plan actions and partnerships.OCP Actions and Partnerships5.1 Municipal Infrastructure and Services1. Develop and maintain infrastructure master plans for municipal water and sewer infrastructure.2. Develop, update and implement an Asset Management Program to allocate resources and replace aging infrastructure efficiently and in a cost-effective manner.3. Collaborate with the Regional District of East Kootenay (RDEK) to continue to enhance the solid waste collection program to reduce waste, carbon emissions, and wildlife conflict.4. Support efforts to reduce human/wildlife conflict resulting from municipal solid waste collection.5. Develop and implement a Recreation and Facilities Master Plan.6. Support the transformation of Wapiti Ski Hill Resort into a year-round outdoor recreation facility.7. Review municipal facilities for improvements to energy efficiency and water use.

95Official Community Plan7.0 MAKING IT HAPPENOCP Actions and Partnerships5.2 Housing1. Update Elkford’s Housing Needs Report as per Bill 44.2. Consider incentive programs and regulatory changes to reduce barriers to creating additional dwelling units, more affordable housing construction and rental tenure dwelling creation.3. Promote diverse residential development within the current District Growth Boundary.5.3 Social Development1. Apply for funding under the Union of B.C. Municipalities (UBCM) Community Emergency Preparedness Fund to Develop an Emergency Preparedness and Evacuation Plan.2. Play a leadership role in advocating and supporting external community safety services including RCMP, emergency health services and search and rescue.3. Create an Accessibility Plan and establish an Accessibility Committee as per the Accessibility British Columbia Act.4. Develop a Community Engagement Strategy, to continue accessible and transparent civic decision-making.5. Continue to offer Youth Councillor Program.6. As funding permits, continue to support the Youth Action Network Commission. 7. Create partnerships between school and youth organizations and the Chamber of Commerce to build relationships between youth, businesses and decision-makers. 5.4 Transportation, Mobility and Access1. Work with the Ministry of Transportation to continually improve pedestrian safety and connectivity across and adjacent to Highway #43.2. Review and update the Subdivision and Servicing Bylaw for improved transportation design in new developments.5.5 Food Security1. Review policy and bylaws that may create barriers for a more sustainable food and agriculture system in Elkford.2. Consider undertaking a local food strategy.5.6 Reconciliation with Indigenous Nations1. Understand Elkford role in implementing BC’s Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous People’s Act.2. Apply for Community to Community funding from UBCM to advance First Nation/local government reconciliation and relationship building. Discuss the development of an agreement such as protocols, an MOU or service agreement to further mutual interests.3. Undertake cultural awareness training.

District of Elkford967.0 MAKING IT HAPPENOCP Actions and Partnerships5.7 Local Economy and Vibrancy1. Implement the direction and recommendations of the Economic Development Strategy.2. Encourage tourism-related businesses in the mixed-use core. 3. Support the development of retailers and service-based businesses to reduce residents’ need to make outside trips. 4. Work with utility providers to ensure there is improved internet access and reliable power so more businesses can operate in Elkford.5.8 Heritage1. Work with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it on cultural heritage initiatives of mutual interest.2. Work with the B.C. Heritage Branch to better understand cultural preservation and protection.3. Use public spaces and District facilities to share Elkford’s rich history. 5.9 Environment and Climate1. Reduce community greenhouse gas emissions.2. Update the Climate Change Adaptation Strategy every 5 years. 3. Apply for UBCM Community Emergency Preparedness funding to assess and plan for extreme temperatures.4. Apply for UBCM Community Emergency Preparedness funding to assess and plan for overflow water collection areas during extreme flooding events.5. Establish an MOU with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it to develop a relationship for evaluating natural resource projects.6. Participate in BC’s referral process for applications in the vicinity of Elkford.7. Develop a protection plan for Elkford water sources.8. Acquire a community forest license to manage Crown Land within Elkford.5.10 Natural Hazards1. Apply for UBCM’s Firesmart Community Funding and Supports to help achieve FireSmart community status.5.11 Parks, Trails and Open Spaces1. Connect new and existing recreation facilities to the existing trail network.2. Work with Yaq̓it ʔa·knuqⱡi’it to understand culturally sensitive areas that may be affected by recreational activities. 3. Sustain effective partnerships with community groups engaging in work within parks, trails and greenspaces.

97Official Community Plan7.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN7.3 Monitoring and Evaluation7.3.1 RefinementsThe District will make refinements to the OCP as necessary, which may include but are not limited to the following:  Coordination with changes to provincial legislation (e.g., Local Government Act, Community Charter, etc.).  Coordination with new or revised provincial plans and policies related to land use and community issues within the District.  Changes to the known geographic extent of environmentally sensitive areas, or hazardous conditions, as determined through the review of plans, reports and applications submitted by project proponents to the District.  Minor text changes, revisions and figure updates that do not affect the overall policies and goals of the plan.7.3.2 OCP AmendmentsAn OCP is considered a living policy document. It is intended to adapt to new societal trends and respond to changing circumstances within the community. As such, following careful consideration by the District of Elkford Staff and Council, policies and land use designations in this OCP may be revised by an amending bylaw under provisions outlined within the Local Government Act. When an application for amendments is received, the application is circulated amongst District Staff and external agencies for review. Subsequent to this, there is also a legislated requirement to hold a public hearing for the proposed amendments, which is open to all stakeholders and the public.Municipalities must review and update OCPs, every five years with public engagement to plan for enough homes for current and anticipated housing needs over 20 years (rather than 5) and include policies that address a wider range of housing types (e.g., affordable housing, rental housing, housing for families, etc.)

District of Elkford987.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN7.3.3 JustificationThe development of lands may have implications concerning the achievement of the objectives of the District of Elkford OCP. It is important that the District Council, staff, and members of the local community have sufficient information to form a well-considered opinion about the appropriateness of any proposed future development, its degree of compliance with the OCP and whether any conditions should be placed on the development. The requirement to provide Development Permit information is intended to provide such material.7.3.4 Legislated RequirementsIn accordance with the requirements of the Local Government Act, this OCP includes statements and map designations for the area covered by the Plan respecting the following: 1. The approximate location, amount, type, and density of residential development required to meet anticipated housing needs over a period of at least five years. 2. The approximate location, amount, and type of present and proposed commercial, industrial, institutional, agricultural, recreational, resource extraction and public utility land uses. 3. The approximate location and area of sand and gravel deposits that are suitable for future sand and gravel extraction. 4. Restrictions on the use of land that is subject to hazardous conditions or that is environmentally sensitive to development.5. The approximate location and phasing of any major road, sewer and water systems. 6. The approximate location and type of present and proposed public facilities, including schools, parks and waste treatment and disposal sites. 7. Housing policies respecting affordable housing, rental housing, and special needs housing.8. Targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the area covered by the plan and policies and actions of the local government proposed to achieve those targets.

99Official Community Plan7.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN7.4 Development Review and ProceduresConditions in this section are consistent with development approval practices as detailed in the Local Government Act. They will be used to evaluate all proposed amendments to the OCP for permitting development. For the purpose of Sections 484 and 485 of the Local Government Act, development approval information may be required under any of the following circumstances:1. The development results in any of the following:a. A change in Official Community Plan land use designation;b. A change in zoning;c. A requirement for a development permit; or,d. A requirement for a temporary commercial or industrial use permit.2. The development may result in impacts on:a. Transportation patterns and traffic flow;b. Infrastructure including sewer, water, roads, drainage, street lighting and other infrastructure;c. Public facilities such as schools and parks;d. Community services; or,e. The natural environment.3. The development could result in other impacts that may be of concern to the residents of the District of Elkford, District Staff or Council. Proposed OCP amendments will be evaluated in light of whether the development:1. Causes unacceptable impacts to the community or environment;2. Impacts the quality of life of District of Elkford residents;3. Supports the overall patterns of development of the community;4. Impacts District finances and/or assets;5. Impacts existing community facilities and pathways;6. Causes environmental impacts, including wildlife and hazardous conditions;7. Impacts First Nations interests and rights;

District of Elkford1007.0 MAKING IT HAPPEN8. Supports community infrastructure;9. Meets the applicable criteria established in the OCP Policies and;10. Proposes uses that are compatible with the permitted uses of adjacent parcels.All evaluations required by this section are deemed to be advisory for the purpose of providing staff and Council with the information needed to evaluate proposed amendments to the District of Elkford Official Community Plan. While a project may satisfy all of the evaluation criteria described above, these are guidelines, and the District is not bound to make a decision (favourable or unfavourable) on the basis of those guidelines.

8.0 Maps

Schedule B (i)

Schedule B (ii)

Schedule C (i)

Schedule C (ii)

Schedule D

Schedule E