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2026 Bits4Bots LLC, USA. All copyrights reserved. Name:____________________________Date: ____________________________Welcome to your new science lab! This guide will help you become an amazinginventor by exploring the world of electricity with fun, hands-on projects. Let's get started! Project 1: Light Up a Lightbulb! In this project, you'll learn the most basic part of electricity: how to make a lightbulb shine! This is called a simple electric circuit. What You'll Learn: What an electric circuit is. How electricity flows. You'll Need: The AA battery holder and AA 1.5V battery A lightbulb and its holder A few wires Bits4Bots Awesome Circuit Experiment Adventures! We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 1 Message

Let's Build It! 1. Place the battery in its holder. 2. Connect one wire from the battery holder to one side of the lightbulb holder. 3. Connect a second wire from the other side of the lightbulb holder back to the battery holder. 4. Watch your lightbulb light up! You've made a complete circuit. We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 2

Project 2: Series and Parallel Circuits Now that you know how to make a single lightbulb work, let's see what happens whenyou add more! You'll build two different kinds of circuits. What You'll Learn: The difference between series and parallel circuits. We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 3

We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 4 How electricity splits and flows in different ways. You'll Need: Your AA battery holder and AA battery Two lightbulbs and their holders More wires Let's Build It! Part A: The Series Circuit Connect a wire from the battery to the first lightbulb. Connect a wire from the first lightbulb to the second lightbulb. Connect a final wire from the second lightbulb back to the battery. 1.2.3.

4. Do you notice anything different about how bright the lights are? Part B: The Parallel Circuit We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 5 1. Connect one wire from the battery to a point where it can split into two paths. 2. Connect one path to the first lightbulb and the other path to the second lightbulb. 3. Connect both lightbulbs back to the battery separately. 4. How does the brightness compare to the series circuit?

Project 3: Make a Two Way Light LED, which stands for “light emitting diodes”, LED technology is used in many electronic devices used frequently in the average home.In an LED light, electrified energy causes the semiconductor contained inside the LED bulb to emit light. LED technology is used in computers, televisions, remote controls, and flashlights, as well as in signs, traffic lights, and architectural and stage lighting. SPST stands for single pull single throw. Let’s do two experiments with LEDs. Experiment 1 Materials: 2 AA batteries 2 Battery Holder 1 SPST Switch 1 LED Connect them as follows. Please connect all parts via wires first, then put the batteries in last. We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 6 Result: When the switch is closed, the LED is on. Experiment 2 (Two Way Light) In this experiment, we will use LEDs to demonstrate two way lights in daily life. Materials: 2 AA batteries 2 battery holder 1 SPDT Switch 1 LED Connect them as follows, Pleaseconnect all parts via wires first, thenput the batteries last.

We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 7 Result: When you put the Pole to “1”, the green LED will turn on. When you switch thePole or switch to “2”, the White LED will turn on. This is how light switches work in longhallways or uppstairs and downstairs with a switch on opposite ends. This is the Single Pull SingleThrow symbol

Project 4: Electromagnet You might know that magnets can attract metal, but did you know you can make a magnet using electricity? You'll build an electromagnet! What You'll Learn: What is electromagnetism? How to create a temporary magnet. You'll Need: The battery holder and battery Solenoid or (Nail or screw) Some copper wire (Optional) A metal object (Like a paperclip)Compass Let's Build It! 1. Creating the solenoid. Wrap the wire around the nail many, many times. Leave enough wire atthe ends to connect to the power source.2. Connect one end of the solenoid wire to the negative side of the battery terminal, and theother wire to the positive side of the battery terminal. We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 9 Next connect the switch terminals. The series circuit should form a complete loop. Exploring the magnetic field by using the compass to observe the magnetic fieldcreated when the current runs through the solenoid.3. 4.Notice: Solenoid will become hot. Don’t touch it. Result: While the solenoid is closing the wrench iron, the wrench iron will be attracted by the solenoid. Knowledge point: Electromagnet will produce magnetic fields when it is energized.Use the compass to note any magnetic changes. Learn more by researching the theory of Ampere's Law.

Project 5: DC Motor In this chapter you will do two interesting experiments with a small DC motor. A DC motor is an electrical machine that converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy. Small DC motors are widely used in tools, toys, and appliances. Larger DC motors are used in propulsion of electric vehicles, elevators and hoists, or in drives for steel rolling mills. Experiment 1: 10 We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.comQUESTIONS: Can you get a lightbulb to light with a motor? Materials: 1 DC Motor 1 Lightbulb Socket 1 Lightbulb 1 Crank Device Some Wires

1. Put the DC motor into the crank device. 2. Connect one terminal of the lightbulb with one terminal of the DC motor. 3. Connect the other terminal of the DC motor with the other terminal of the lightbulb. 4. Slide the DC motor into the hand crank. Crank the motor by rotating the handle withyour hands. 5. Observe the lightbulb. We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 11

Result: By manually cranking the motor, electric current flows through the wire, causingthe lightbulb to illuminate. In this experiment, mechanical energy is transformed intoelectrical energy. When you turn the motor, it generates mechanical energy, which isthen converted into electrical energy through the DC motor, resulting in the lightbulblighting up.We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 12

We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 13 Motors are super cool! They use electricity to make things move. In this project, you'll use a DC motor to power a fan and make a toy car drive forward. How a DC motor works. How to turn electrical energy into motion. You'll Need: A toy car chassis with a DC motor The fan blade Your battery holder and battery A few wires Project 6: The Wind-Powered Car What You'll Learn:

Let's Build It! 1. Make sure the fan propeller is securely attached to the motor. 2. Connect one wire from the battery to one of the motor's connectors. 3. Connect the other wire from the motor back to the battery. 4. Watch your car slowly roll away! Can you change the direction it goes? Try swapping the wires!We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 14

Result: The car will gradually begin to move. The direction of the wind is opposite tothat of the car. In this experiment, the battery supplies power to the fan through a DCmotor, allowing it to spin and generate wind. Simultaneously, the wind provides energyto the car, enabling it to move forward.We hope that you have enjoyed the circuit experiments. Learn more at www.bits4bots.com 15

2026 Bits4Bots LLC, USA. All copyrights reserved.Learn more about electronics with future Bits4Botsfree courses. Explore the exciting world of circuits,sensors, and microcontrollers, and unlock the potentialof technology. Whether you're a beginner or anexperienced tinkerer, these courses offer something foreveryone. Dive into hands-on projects, guided tutorials,and interactive sessions that make learning fun andengaging. Join a community of like-minded enthusiastsand take your skills to the next level with Bits4Bots!