Lesson 1 Table 1

Lesson 1 Table 2

USING “A” OR “AN”

Lesson 2 Tables

“TO BE,” “TO DO,” “TO HAVE” AND “TO GO”

PRESENT TENSE

Lesson 3 Table 1 : VERB TABLE

The verb “To Be” (irregular)

The verb “To look” (regular)

The verb “To watch” (regular)

Lesson 3 Table 2 : “CAN” AND “MAY”

“May” asks permission:

May I see your driver’s license? = I am asking permission to see your driver’s license.

May I see some personal identification? = I am asking permission to see your personal identification.

“Can” asks if someone is able:

Can you tell me where the store is? = I am asking if you are able to tell me where the store is.

Can you tell me where to find groceries? = I am asking if you are able to tell me where to find groceries.

Example:

Do you have a phone? May I call you? Can I reach you by phone?

Lesson 5 Table 1

WORDS THAT REPLACE A NAME

Who is talking?  …to whom?  Whose is it?  I talk to them.  He talks to me.  It is my book.  It’s mine.  He talks to them.  He talks to him.  It is his book.  It’s his.  She talks to them.  He talks to her.  It is her book.  It’s hers.  It talks to them.  He talks to it.  It is its book.    You talk to them.  He talks to you.  It is your book.  It’s yours.  We talk to them.  He talks to us.  It is our book.  It’s ours.  They talk to them.  He talks to them.  It is their book.  It’s theirs.

Its means that it belongs to it.     It is becomes it’s when shortened.

Lesson 5 Table 2

MAKING A STRONG EMPHASIS

“TO,” “TWO,” AND “TOO.”

To  =  →

I gave the book → John.  =  I gave the book to John.

Two   1 + 1 = 2

I gave John 2 books.  =  I gave John two books.

Too  =  excess

I gave John more books than he wants.  =  I gave John too many books.

Too  =  also

I also gave a book to Mary.  =  I gave a book to Mary, too.

Lesson 5 Table 3

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE?

Lesson 5 Table 4

DOING TWO THINGS TOGETHER

Lesson 6 Table 1

PUTTING WORDS IN THEIR CORRECT PLACE

(My name) John Jane The thing (Your name) Jane and I John and Mary go(es) home. I He She It You We They go(es) home.

They see (person speaking.) John. Jane. the car. (your name.) Jane and me. John and Mary. They see   me. him. her. it. you. us. them.

Lesson 6 Table 2

USING THE CORRECT WORD

Lesson 7 Table 1

Some examples of two words becoming one.

Ain’t is never correct.

Lesson 7 Table 2

WORDS DESCRIBING LOCATION

Lesson 8 Table 1

Lesson 9 Table 1

“Will” indicates certainty.

“May” or “Might” indicates doubt.

I will go tomorrow.   (It is certain.)

I may go tomorrow.   (I will decide later.)

I might go tomorrow.   (But I probably will not.)

Lesson 9 Table 2

HELPING VERBS

Helping verbs that do not change form.

These helping verbs do not change form with person or time. For example: I might go. He might go. You might go. We might go. They might go.

Helping verbs that change form.

These helping verbs change form with person and time. For example: I do go. He does go. You do go. I did go. We did go. They did go. I have gone. He has gone. We have gone. I had gone. She had gone. We had gone.

Lesson 10 Table

DON’T USE TWO NEGATIVES

Lesson 11 Table 1

THE VERB AGREES WITH ITS SUBJECT

THE USE OF “OTHER”

Lesson 11 Table 2 : THE FAMILY

Lesson 12 Table 1

THE TIME OF THE VERB’S ACTION

Two past actions happened at the same time.

One past action happened before the other.

Two future actions will happen at the same time.

One future action will happen before the other.

Lesson 12 Table 2

“WHERE” AND “WHEN”

Where is used to ask a question about a place.

Where will they go tomorrow?

Where is my book?

Where is the closest bus stop?

Where can be used to identify a place.

This is the place where we will stand.

He followed the men to the house where they were meeting.

He will show the officer where the woman was hurt.

When is used to ask a question about time.

When will we leave?

When does the bus arrive?

When did he finish his work?

When can be used to identify the time something happened.

They were afraid when we left.

We don’t know when it will be finished.

I need to leave when my car is fixed.

Lesson 12 Table 3

USING THE WORD “IF”

When something is true. ^{(Present + Future)}

1. If we take^(Present) this road, we will go past ^(Future) the hospital.

2. If we continue^(Present) working, we will finish^(Future) the lesson today.

When something depends on something else ^{(Present + Future)}

1. If you study^(Present) the lessons, you will learn^(Future) to speak English quickly.

2. If we walk^(Present) quickly, we will arrive^(Future) on time.

An unlikely possibility ^{(Past + Future)}

1. If I had^(Past) the time, I would go^(Future) home.

2. If we had^(Past) enough money, we would build^(Future) a new house.

An event that did not happen ^{(Past + Past)}

1. If they had had^(Past) the time, they would have gone^(Past) home.

2. If I had fixed^(Past) my car yesterday, I would have arrived^(Past) on time.

Something that is contrary to what is happening ^{(Past + would, could, or might)}

1. If we were driving^(Past) the car, we could take the other road.

2. If we had worked^(Past) more quickly, we would already be finished.

3. If I had read^(Past) the book, I might have understood the lesson.

Lesson 13 Table 1

“This” is one thing close by.	John needs this      book.
“These” are two or more things close by.	He needs these   books.
“That” is one thing farther away.	He needs that      book.
“Those” are two or more things farther away.	He needs those    books.

Normal emphasis	Stronger emphasis
Do you speak English? Yes, I speak English.	You don’t speak English, do you? Yes, I do speak English.
Does he speak English? Yes, he speaks English.	He doesn’t speak English, does he? Yes, he does speak English.
	Do you speak English? No, I don’t speak English.
	Does he speak English? No, he doesn’t speak English.
	Did you speak English? No, I didn’t speak English.
	Did they speak English? No, they didn’t speak English.

Lesson 13 Table 2

WORDS DESCRIBING TIME

(the) year month week before last year month week this week next year month week     (the) year month week after next day before yesterday   |   yesterday   |   today   |   tomorrow   |   day after tomorrow

(The) year before last was very cold.
Last year was warmer.
Last month was cooler.
Last week was nice.
(The) day before yesterday was Monday.
Yesterday was Tuesday.
Today is Wednesday.
Tomorrow will be Thursday.
(The) day after tomorrow will be Friday.
Next week will be windy.
Next month will be hot.
Next year should be warm.
(The) year after next may also be warm.

Lesson 13 Table 3

USING “YOU” IN ENGLISH

The sentence indicates the number of people.

John, will you come with me?   =       (I want only John but not Mary to come with me.)

John and Mary, will you come with me?   =       (I want both John and Mary to come with me.)

Or, Will both of you come with me?   =       (I want both John and Mary to come with me.)

The sentence indicates the number of people.

John, this is your coat. I think it is yours.   =       (This coat belongs to John, not to Mary.)

John and Mary, these are your books. These books are yours.   =       (These books belong to both John and Mary.)

Or, These books belong to both of you.

OLD ENGLISH FORMS OF “YOU”

thyself = yourself     (1 person)

Lesson 14 Table 1

USE THESE WORDS CORRECTLY

Lesson 14 Table 2

Lesson 16 Table 1

Lesson 16 Table 2

WORDS THAT CHANGE THE MEANING

Lesson 16 Table 3

Lesson 16 Table 4

MORE TWO-WORD VERBS

to get
to get ahead
to get away
to get down
to get lost
to get on
to get ready
to get up

to pull
to pull ahead
to pull away
to pull in
to pull into
to pull off
to pull out
to pull over
to pull through
to pull up

Lesson 16 Table 5

SOME PROBLEM WORDS

accept, except:

to accept   =   to receive;   He accepted the book even though it was damaged.

to except   =   to exclude;   I will except payment for the damaged book.

adapt, adopt:

to adapt   =   to become accustomed;   She adapted well to the hot climate.

to adopt   =     to take as one’s own;   They adopted the baby after his parents died.

adverse, averse:

adverse   =   unfavorable;   His response to the suggestion was adverse.

averse   =   opposed;   He was averse to the suggestion.

affect, effect:

to affect   =   to influence;   He wanted to affect change in the school.

effect   =   the result;   The effect of the change will be important to the school.

all ready, already:

all ready   =   completely prepared;   I was all ready to take my exam.

already   =   previously;   I had already studied for the exam.

all together, altogether:

all together   =   everyone gathered;   They will be all together at the airport.

altogether   =   entirely;   It is altogether possible that the plane will be late.

allusion, illusion:

allusion   =   reference;   They made allusion to the emergency.

illusion   =   false impression;   The smoke gave the illusion of a serious accident.

anyone, any one:

anyone   =   any person at all;   Anyone who was waiting over there may go in.

any one   =   a particular person in a group;   Any one with a ticket may go in.

beside, besides:

beside   =   at the side of;   He was standing beside the house.

besides   =   except;   He took everything besides the things inside the house.

capital, capitol:

capital   =   city or wealth;   Washington, D.C. is the United States’ capital.

There is enough capital on hand to finish the project.

capitol   =   government building;   The capitol is in Washington, D.C.

censor, censure:

to censor   =   to remove;   The school librarian censored the book.

to censure   =   to criticize;   The librarian censured the students for talking.

cite, site:

to cite   =   to quote;   She did not cite enough references in her article.

site   =   a place;   Her article described a site in New York.

climactic, climatic:

climactic   =   highest intensity;   It was the climactic event of the day.

climatic   =   weather;   The climatic conditions were excellent.

coarse, course:

coarse   =   rough;   The road is covered with coarse rocks.

course   =   a study;   The course will include everything to the advanced level.

complement, compliment:

to complement   =   to go with;   That hat will complement her new coat.

to compliment   =   to flatter;   I complimented her on her hat.

conscience, conscious:

conscience   =   moral principle;   His conscience bothered him after he said it.

conscious   =   aware;   He was conscious of his mistake.

continual, continuous:

continual   =   repeated regularly;   The noise was continual throughout the day.

continuous   =   extended without interruption;   It was a continuous problem.

elicit, illicit:

to elicit   =   to bring out;   The police officer finally elicited the truth from him.

illicit   =   unlawful or immoral;   He sold illicit drugs before.

emigrate, immigrate:

to emigrate   =   to leave a country;   Their entire family emigrated from Russia.

to immigrate   =   to enter a country;   Three of the brothers immigrated to the U.S.

eminent, imminent:

eminent   =   outstanding;   The symphony’s performance was eminent.

imminent   =   about to happen;   The conductor’s entrance was imminent.

everyone, every one:

everyone   =   unspecified number of people;   Everyone was waiting.

every one   =     each individual;   Every one will need a ticket to enter.

farther, further:

farther   =   distance;   The house you are looking for is farther from here.

further   =   quantity or degree;   It is still further up the road.

imply, infer:

to imply   =   to suggest;   The author implied that his book was finished.

to infer   =   to conclude;   We can infer that it will be another good book.

in, into

in   =   location;   The house is in that direction.

into   =   direction;   We walked into the house together.

lie, lay:

to lie   =   to recline or rest;   Go ahead and lie down on the bed.

to lay   =   to put or place;   You may lay your things over there.

loose, lose:

loose   =   not securely fastened;   The money in his pocket was loose.

to lose   =   to misplace;   If you are not careful, you will lose your money.

maybe, may be:

maybe   =   possibly;   Maybe I can find another book if I hurry.

may be   =   might be;   That may be the book you are looking for.

precede, proceed:

to precede   =   to come before;     Her part in the play preceded the music.

to proceed   =   to go forward;     They proceeded with the play even though it was late.

principal, principle:

principal   =   head of a school;   The principal spoke to the students yesterday.

principle   =   a basic truth;   He suggested that fairness be a principle of all behavior.

raise, rise:

to raise   =   to move upward;   He raised the flag at sunrise.

to rise   =   to go up;   You will need to rise early to see the sunrise.

respectfully, respectively:

respectfully   =   showing respect;   The children respectfully helped their parents.

respectively   =   each in the order given;   Their father and mother died respectively.

set, sit:

to set   =   to put or place;   They set the plates on the table.

to sit   =   to be seated;   They will sit at the table when they eat.

sometime, some time, sometimes:

sometime   =   at an unstated time;   I will be here sometime before noon.

some time   =   a period of time;   It was some time before she finally arrived.

sometimes   =   now and then;   They sometimes arrive early.

there, their, they’re:

there   =   place;   Why don’t you set the books there on the table?

their   =   ownership;   They will want to get their books from off the table.

they’re   =   they are;   They’re supposed to have their own books.

weather, whether:

weather   =   climate;   I think the weather will be nice tomorrow.

whether   =   choice;   Decide tomorrow whether or not you want to come.

your, you’re:

your   =   ownership;   I think this is your coat.

you’re   =   you are;   You’re not leaving your coat there, are you?