
Step 2: Teach Lesson
Lesson One
Write the following words across the board, leaving some space between the words: ask, like, and hop. Read the words aloud. These
words are all verbs in their base form. In other words, they all name an action, and they all are in their simplest forms.
Sometimes, you need to use the past tense form of a verb to show that something happened in the past. In order to form
the past tense of a verb, you usually add -ed. Write this ending on the board. For example, the past tense form of ask is asked.
Write asked on the board, and underline the ending. Sometimes, you need to use the present participle form of a verb to show
an ongoing action. In order to form the present participle of a verb, you add-ing. Write this ending on the board. For example,
the present participle form of ask is asking. Write asking on the board, and underline the ending.
Remember these rules to help you add -ed and -ing to verbs.
Have the following rule written on the board:
The e-Drop Rule: If a verb ends with e, drop the e before adding the ending -ed or-ing.
Look at the word like. What does it end with? (e) So what should we do to form the past tense form of the verb? (drop the e
and then add -ed) Drop the e and then add -ed to the word like on the board. To add -ed or -ing to words like like, we must
drop the e and then add the ending. When changing to the past tense, like becomes liked.
Have the following rule written on the board:
The Double Rule: If a verb with a short vowel sound ends with one consonant, double the consonant before adding -ed or -ing.
Look at the word hop. Does it have a long vowel sound or a short vowel sound? (a short vowel sound) Does it end with one
consonant? (yes) So what should we do to form the present participle form of the verb? (double the consonant and then add
-ing) Double the consonant and then add -ing to the word hop on the board. To add -ed or -ing to words like hop, we must
double the consonant and then add the ending. When changing to the present participle, hop becomes hopping.